1) The document describes the design of a Planar Inverted F-Antenna (PIFA) that resonates at 2.5 GHz with a 300MHz bandwidth. 2) Key parameters of the proposed antenna design are described, including dimensions of the patch, ground, substrate, and position of the feeding and shorting pins. 3) Simulation results using HFSS are presented, including return loss, radiation patterns, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and electric and magnetic field distributions. The antenna achieves the desired resonance frequency and has a maximum gain of 28.5362 dBi.

1. Int. Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engg. Vol. 2, Spl. Issue 1 (2015) e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426
181 NITTTR, Chandigarh EDIT-2015
Design of Planar Inverted F-Antenna for
Multiband Applications
Praveen Kumar Sharma1,2
and Garima Saini2
1
Department of Electronics and Communication, BK Birla Inst. of Engg. and Tech., CEERI Road, Pilani 333031,
Rajasthan, India 2
National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, UT 160019, India
praveen.sharma@bkbiet.ac.in
Abstract—Planar Inverted F- Antenna (PIFA) is widely used
in handheld devices because of its various advantages like
compact size, good bandwidth and moderate radiation
patterns. In this paper, a design of Planar Inverted F-
Antenna(PIFA) is proposed that resonates at the frequency of
2.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 300MHz. The relative
permittivity of the substrate used is 2.2. The antenna is fed by
coaxial feed. Also, gain, VSWR and radiation pattern of the
antenna are studied.
Keywords— Co-axial feed, gain, HFSS, return loss,PIFA.
I. INTRODUCTION
The main problem while designing an antenna is to
improve the efficiency and performance and at the same
time ensuring cost efficient, compact size antenna. This
demand of the cellular communication world led to the
increasing demand of PIFA.
The usually used microstrip and patch antennas have
dimensions in the range of λ/2, whereas PIFA has much
smaller dimensions that is in the range of λ/4. A PIFA
generally has a substrate of desired permittivity,
sandwiched between two parallel conducting plates. The
lower plate act as a ground plane and the upper plate as
resonating patch. A shorting pin is introduced along with
the feed pin, and the distance between them controls the
value of input impedance.
II. PROPOSED ANTENNA DESIGN
The dimensions of the antenna are 4.85 cm x 3.24 cm,
the substrate introduced between the ground having
dimensions 10cm x 10 cm and the patch is of thickness
62mm. The feed pin and shorting pin inserted between the
patch and ground have radius 0.13 cm and 0.0433 cm
respectively. The antenna design is shown in fig 1 and fig 2.
Fig 1. The patch of the antenna
Fig 2. The proposed antenna design
The substrate used have relative permittivity of 2.2, the
antenna is fed through a co-axial feed connected to a 50Ω
transmission line. The shorting pin and feed pin is of same
material, i.e., PEC.
III. PARAMETERS AND SPECIFICATIONS
Operating frequency = 2.5 GHz
Relative permittivity of the substrate = 2.2
Table 1. Design Parameters
Parameter Dimensions
Patch 4.85 cm × 3.24 cm
Ground 10 cm × 10 cm
Substrate 10 cm × 10 cm × 62mm
Shorting pin Radius= 0.0433 cm, Height= 62
mm
Feed pin Radius= 0.13 cm, Height= 62 mm
IV. SIMULATED RESULTS
Using Ansoft HFSS (High Frequency Structural
Simulator) software, the desired results such as return
loss,S11 parameter, Gain, 3D polar plots, bandwidth and E
and H fields for the proposed antenna are observed. Fig 3
shows the S11 parameter versus frequency plot. The
resonating frequency is found to be 2.5 GHz.

2. Int. Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engg. Vol. 2, Spl. Issue 1 (2015) e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426
NITTTR, Chandigarh EDIT -2015 182
Fig 3. Return Loss versus Frquency
Figure 4 and Figure 5 shows the 2D and 3D plot of the
radiation pattern of the antenna.
Fig 4. 2D Radiation Pattern
Fig 5. 3D Radiation Pattern
Figure 6 shows the VSWR plot versus frequency. Figure 7
and figure 8 shows the E and H field distribution on the
patch.
Fig 6. Plot for VSWR
Fig 7. E- Field(vector) Distribution
Fig 8.H-Field(vector) Distribution
Figure 9 and figure 10 shows the input impedance and gain
(rectangular plot) respectively.
Fig. 9 Input Impedance

3. Int. Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engg. Vol. 2, Spl. Issue 1 (2015) e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426
183 NITTTR, Chandigarh EDIT-2015
Fig 10. Rectangular Plot for Gain
V. CALCULATED RESULTS
Return Loss at 2.5 GHz = -2.60 dB
Bandwidth of the antenna at -1 dB return loss = 300
MHz
Maximum value of Gain = 28.5362, Phi = 0 deg and
24.6026, Phi = 90 deg.
Frequency sweep = 2.54 GHz
VI. CONCLUSION
A PIFA is successfully designed supporting WLAN
frequency resonating at 2.5 GHz, the desired WLAN
frequency is achieved but other performance parameters
such as return loss are not as per the requirements. So,
optimization of size and design is required to obtain the
same.
However, further modifications in the design can make the
antenna resonate at more than one frequency with desired
outputs.
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