The document discusses integrated coastal zone management (ICZM), outlining its key concepts, goals, and principles. ICZM aims to promote sustainable management of coastal areas through a multidisciplinary process involving stakeholders. It seeks to balance environmental, economic, social and other objectives. The document also provides an example case study of Sri Lanka's coastal zone management plan, which addresses issues like erosion, habitat loss, and protection of cultural sites through regulatory measures and public education programs.

1. NAME OF SPEAKER
Designation
abcde@hau.ernet.in
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

2. Content
• Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM); concept, application
and case studies.
• Communication, research, integration, institutional arrangements,
regulations, stakeholder participation, the role of the private sector in
ICZM.
• Impacts of human activities on coastal and ocean areas: Challenges
related to climate change, expanding tourism, declining fisheries,
intensive shipping and biodiversity protection.
• Problems related to sectors such as tourism and fisheries in the
ICZM context; Analysis of multiple use management problems
typical for the coastal areas with the maritime industry.
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3. Coastal Zones
 The coastal zone is a region where land, ocean and atmosphere interact
with each oher and therefore it is dynamic in nature.
 The coast contain some of the world’s most sensitive ecosystem like
mangroves, wetlands, coral reefs, dunes and beaches.
 According to UN currently around 40% of the worlds population lives
within 100kilometers of the coast.
 As population density and economic activity in the coastal zone
increases, pressures on coastal ecosystems accelerate.
 Since the coast is very dynamic and fragile and is inhabited by an ever
increasing population, it is subject to a number of natural hazards.

4.  Interface between many natural ecosystem.
 Junction of two environments.
 Dyanamic area with frequently changing biological, chemical, and
geological attributes.
 Coastal zones extends landwards to the limit of the tidal movements.
 Includes the sea and all those areas which are periodically covered
by the tides.

5. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)
 Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) or integrated coastal
management (ICM) is a process for the management of the coast
using an integrated approach, regarding all aspects of the coastal
zone, including geographical and political boundaries, in an attempt
to achieve sustainability.
 This concept was born in 1992 during the Earth Summit of Rio de
Janeiro.
 The European Commission defines the ICZM as follows:-

6.  ICZM is a dynamic, multidisciplinary and iterative process to
promote sustainable management of coastal zones. It covers the full
cycle of information collection, planning (in its broadest sense),
decision making, management and monitoring of implementation.
 ICZM uses the informed participation and cooperation of all
stakeholders to assess the societal goals in a given coastal area, and
to take actions towards meeting these objectives.
 ICZM seeks, over the long-term, to balance environmental,
economic, social, cultural and recreational objectives, all within the
limits set by natural dynamics.

7.  'Integrated' in ICZM refers to the integration of objectives and also
to the integration of the many instruments needed to meet these
objectives. It means integration of all relevant policy areas, sectors,
and levels of administration. It means integration of the terrestrial
and marine components of the target territory, in both time and
space.
 The purpose of ICZM is to maximize the benefits provided by the
coastal zone and to minimize the conflicts and harmful effects of
activities upon each other

8.  Goal
• To improve the quality of life of coastal communities who depend on
coastal resources, while maintaining the biological diversity and
productivity of coastal ecosystems.
 Objectives
• To provide sustainable utilization of coastal resources.

9. Overall goal
 To ensure optimum sustainable use of coastal natural resources
 maintenance of high levels of biodiversity
 Real conservation of critical habitats
 Supporting fisheries
 Protecting the community from storm ravages
 Attracting tourists
 Promoting public health
 Maintaining yields from mangrove forests
 Preserving coral reefs

10. What is ICZM
• Process of governance
 Legal and institutional framework
 Development and management plans
 Integrated with environmental goals
 Participation
 Maximize the benefit
 Minimize the conflict

11. ICZM dimensions
The integration covers different dimensions:
1. Horizontal integration –i.e. integrated planning related to
socioeconomic and ecological aspects,
2. Vertical integration at various administrative bodies , at different
levels of communication International co-operation- National
government- Regional/County level- Local/Municipal level;
3. Territorial integration taking into account the interrelations
between the land and the sea, the terrestrial, estuarine, littoral and
offshore components of the coastal zone;

12.  Integration through time in a consistent manner of the policies,
planning and management strategies;
 Another essential aspect of the integration is community
participation.

13. Integration
 The term 'integration' can be adopted for many different purposes, it
is therefore quite important to define the term in the context of the
management of the coastal zone to appreciate the intentions of ICZM.
 Integration within ICZM occurs in and between many different
levels, 5 types of integration that occur within ICZM are explained
below;
1. Integration among sectors: Within the coastal environment there
are many sectors that operate. These human activities are largely
economic activities such as tourism, fisheries, and port companies.

14.  A sense of co-operation between sectors is the main requirement for
sector integration within ICZM. This comes from the realisation of a
common goal focused around sustainability and the appreciation of
one another within the area.
2. Integration between land and water elements of the coastal zone:
This is the realization of the physical environment being a whole.
The coastal environment is a dynamic relationship between many
processes all of which are interdependent. The link must be made
between imposing a change on one system or feature and its
inevitable 'flow on' effects.

15. 3. Integration among levels of government: Between levels of
governance, consistency and co-operation is needed throughout
planning and policy making. ICZM is most effective where
initiatives have common purpose at local, regional, and national
levels. Common goals and actions increase efficiency and mitigate
confusion.
4. Integration between nations: This sees ICZM as an important tool
on a global scale. If goals and beliefs are common on a
supranational scale, large scale problems could be mitigated or
avoided.

16. 5. Integration among disciplines: Throughout ICZM, knowledge
should be accepted from all disciplines. All means of scientific,
cultural, traditional, political and local expertise need to be
accounted for. By including all these elements a truly holistic
approach towards management can be achieved.
 The term integration in a coastal management context has many
horizontal and vertical aspects, which reflects the complexity of the
task and it proves a challenge to implement.

17. General Principles of ICZM
 Work with natural processes
 Take geographically wide-ranging systems perspective
 Develop a clear mission statement
 Ensure support and involvement of all administrative level
 Work towards consensus
 Use participatory planning based on effective communication
 Explicitly acknowledge the uncertainty of future conditions and
build flexibility into the planning processes.

18. CASE STUDY
SRI LANKA'S COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PLAN
• Sri Lanka's Coast Conservation Department (CCD), the nation's lead
agency for coastal zone management, has recently completed a draft
of its first legislatively mandated national Coastal Zone
Management Plan (CZMP), culminating four years of intensive
work.
1. erosion management
2. loss and degradation of coastal natural habitats
3. protection of scenic areas and cultural and religious sites.

19.  Management strategies, which include regulation, research
programmes, enhanced intergovernmental coordination and public
education, are presented for each priority issue. For example, the
erosion management strategy establishes a setback line to ensure that
structures are not sited so close to the shoreline that they contribute
to or are affected by erosion.
 Regulatory measures prohibit the construction of shoreline
protection work in some geographic locations, while they establish
review procedures for constructing such structures along the rest of
the coast. In addition, coral and sand mining are regulated.

20. • Both activities accelerate the rate of coastal erosion in areas with
already serious erosion problems. Also included in the erosion
management strategy are: a public education campaign targeted at
coral and sand miners regarding the impacts of their activities, a
programme to identify alternative employment for displaced coral
miners, and a research effort to identify alternate sources of lime for
the building industry.
• Complementing these management efforts is a public investment
programme to build shoreline protection works in appropriate areas.

27. SYMBOL OF TRUST