Abstract— Cloud storage is usually distributed infrastructure, where data is not stored in a single device but is spread to several storage nodes which are located in different areas. To ensure data availability some amount of redundancy has to be maintained. But introduction of data redundancy leads to additional costs such as extra storage space and communication bandwidth which required for restoring data blocks. In the existing system, the storage infrastructure is considered as homogeneous where all nodes in the system have same online availability which leads to efficiency losses. The proposed system considers that distributed storage system is heterogeneous where each node exhibit different online availability. Monte Carlo Sampling is used to measure the online availability of storage nodes. The parallel version of Particle Swarm Optimization is used to assign redundant data blocks according to their online availability. The optimal data assignment policy reduces the redundancy and their associated cost.
Mobile Data Gathering with Load Balanced Clustering and Dual Data Uploading i...1crore projects
IEEE PROJECTS 2015
1 crore projects is a leading Guide for ieee Projects and real time projects Works Provider.
It has been provided Lot of Guidance for Thousands of Students & made them more beneficial in all Technology Training.
Dot Net
DOTNET Project Domain list 2015
1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
Java Project Domain list 2015
1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
ECE IEEE Projects 2015
1. Matlab project
2. Ns2 project
3. Embedded project
4. Robotics project
Eligibility
Final Year students of
1. BSc (C.S)
2. BCA/B.E(C.S)
3. B.Tech IT
4. BE (C.S)
5. MSc (C.S)
6. MSc (IT)
7. MCA
8. MS (IT)
9. ME(ALL)
10. BE(ECE)(EEE)(E&I)
TECHNOLOGY USED AND FOR TRAINING IN
1. DOT NET
2. C sharp
3. ASP
4. VB
5. SQL SERVER
6. JAVA
7. J2EE
8. STRINGS
9. ORACLE
10. VB dotNET
11. EMBEDDED
12. MAT LAB
13. LAB VIEW
14. Multi Sim
CONTACT US
1 CRORE PROJECTS
Door No: 214/215,2nd Floor,
No. 172, Raahat Plaza, (Shopping Mall) ,Arcot Road, Vadapalani, Chennai,
Tamin Nadu, INDIA - 600 026
Email id: 1croreprojects@gmail.com
website:1croreprojects.com
Phone : +91 97518 00789 / +91 72999 51536
THRESHOLD BASED VM PLACEMENT TECHNIQUE FOR LOAD BALANCED RESOURCE PROVISIONIN...IJCNCJournal
The unbalancing load issue is a multi-variation, multi-imperative issue that corrupts the execution and productivity of processing assets. Workload adjusting methods give solutions of load unbalancing circumstances for two bothersome aspects over-burdening and under-stacking. Cloud computing utilizes planning and workload balancing for a virtualized environment, resource partaking in cloud foundation. These two factors must be handled in an improved way in cloud computing to accomplish ideal resource sharing. Henceforth, there requires productive resource, asset reservation for guaranteeing load advancement in the cloud. This work aims to present an incorporated resource, asset reservation, and workload adjusting calculation for effective cloud provisioning. The strategy develops a Priority-based Resource Scheduling Model to acquire the resource, asset reservation with threshold-based load balancing for improving the proficiency in cloud framework. Extending utilization of Virtual Machines through the suitable and sensible outstanding task at hand modifying is then practiced by intensely picking a job from submitting jobs using Priority-based Resource Scheduling Model to acquire resource asset reservation. Experimental evaluations represent, the proposed scheme gives better results by reducing execution time, with minimum resource cost and improved resource utilization in dynamic resource provisioning conditions.
Mobile Data Gathering with Load Balanced Clustering and Dual Data Uploading i...1crore projects
IEEE PROJECTS 2015
1 crore projects is a leading Guide for ieee Projects and real time projects Works Provider.
It has been provided Lot of Guidance for Thousands of Students & made them more beneficial in all Technology Training.
Dot Net
DOTNET Project Domain list 2015
1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
Java Project Domain list 2015
1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
ECE IEEE Projects 2015
1. Matlab project
2. Ns2 project
3. Embedded project
4. Robotics project
Eligibility
Final Year students of
1. BSc (C.S)
2. BCA/B.E(C.S)
3. B.Tech IT
4. BE (C.S)
5. MSc (C.S)
6. MSc (IT)
7. MCA
8. MS (IT)
9. ME(ALL)
10. BE(ECE)(EEE)(E&I)
TECHNOLOGY USED AND FOR TRAINING IN
1. DOT NET
2. C sharp
3. ASP
4. VB
5. SQL SERVER
6. JAVA
7. J2EE
8. STRINGS
9. ORACLE
10. VB dotNET
11. EMBEDDED
12. MAT LAB
13. LAB VIEW
14. Multi Sim
CONTACT US
1 CRORE PROJECTS
Door No: 214/215,2nd Floor,
No. 172, Raahat Plaza, (Shopping Mall) ,Arcot Road, Vadapalani, Chennai,
Tamin Nadu, INDIA - 600 026
Email id: 1croreprojects@gmail.com
website:1croreprojects.com
Phone : +91 97518 00789 / +91 72999 51536
THRESHOLD BASED VM PLACEMENT TECHNIQUE FOR LOAD BALANCED RESOURCE PROVISIONIN...IJCNCJournal
The unbalancing load issue is a multi-variation, multi-imperative issue that corrupts the execution and productivity of processing assets. Workload adjusting methods give solutions of load unbalancing circumstances for two bothersome aspects over-burdening and under-stacking. Cloud computing utilizes planning and workload balancing for a virtualized environment, resource partaking in cloud foundation. These two factors must be handled in an improved way in cloud computing to accomplish ideal resource sharing. Henceforth, there requires productive resource, asset reservation for guaranteeing load advancement in the cloud. This work aims to present an incorporated resource, asset reservation, and workload adjusting calculation for effective cloud provisioning. The strategy develops a Priority-based Resource Scheduling Model to acquire the resource, asset reservation with threshold-based load balancing for improving the proficiency in cloud framework. Extending utilization of Virtual Machines through the suitable and sensible outstanding task at hand modifying is then practiced by intensely picking a job from submitting jobs using Priority-based Resource Scheduling Model to acquire resource asset reservation. Experimental evaluations represent, the proposed scheme gives better results by reducing execution time, with minimum resource cost and improved resource utilization in dynamic resource provisioning conditions.
ADVANCED DIFFUSION APPROACH TO DYNAMIC LOAD-BALANCING FOR CLOUD STORAGEijdpsjournal
Load-balancing techniques have become a critical function in cloud storage systems that consist of complex heterogeneous networks of nodes with different capacities. However, the convergence rate of any load-balancing algorithm as well as its performance deteriorated as the number of nodes in the system, the diameter of the network and the communication overhead increased. Therefore, this paper presents an approach aims at scaling the system out not up - in other words, allowing the system to be expanded by adding more nodes without the need to increase the power of each node while at the same time increasing the overall performance of the system. Also, our proposal aims at improving the performance by not only
considering the parameters that will affect the algorithm performance but also simplifying the structure of the network that will execute the algorithm. Our proposal was evaluated through mathematical analysis as well as computer simulations, and it was compared with the centralized approach and the original diffusion technique. Results show that our solution outperforms them in terms of throughput and response time.
Finally, we proved that our proposal converges to the state of equilibrium where the loads in all in-domain nodes are the same since each node receives an amount of load proportional to its capacity. Therefore, we conclude that this approach would have an advantage of being fair, simple and no node is privileged.
Tremendous usage of internet has made huge data on the network, without compromising on the
performance of network the end-users must obtain best service. As cloud provides different services on
leasing basis many companies are migrating from their own Infrastructure to cloud,This migration should
not compromise on performance of the cloud, The performance of the cloud can be improved by having
excellent load balancing strategy such that the end user is satisfied. The paper reveals the method by which
a cloud can be partitioned and a study of different algorithm with comparative study to balance the
dynamic load. The comparative study between Ant Colony and Honey Bee algorithm gives the result which
algorithm is optimal in normal load condition also the simplest round robin algorithm is applied when the
partition are in Idle state
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
A COST EFFECTIVE COMPRESSIVE DATA AGGREGATION TECHNIQUE FOR WIRELESS SENSOR N...ijasuc
In wireless sensor network (WSN) there are two main problems in employing conventional compression
techniques. The compression performance depends on the organization of the routes for a larger extent.
The efficiency of an in-network data compression scheme is not solely determined by the compression
ratio, but also depends on the computational and communication overheads. In Compressive Data
Aggregation technique, data is gathered at some intermediate node where its size is reduced by applying
compression technique without losing any information of complete data. In our previous work, we have
developed an adaptive traffic aware aggregation technique in which the aggregation technique can be
changed into structured and structure-free adaptively, depending on the load status of the traffic. In this
paper, as an extension to our previous work, we provide a cost effective compressive data gathering
technique to enhance the traffic load, by using structured data aggregation scheme. We also design a
technique that effectively reduces the computation and communication costs involved in the compressive
data gathering process. The use of compressive data gathering process provides a compressed sensor
reading to reduce global data traffic and distributes energy consumption evenly to prolong the network
lifetime. By simulation results, we show that our proposed technique improves the delivery ratio while
reducing the energy and delay
Data Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks: A State-of-the Art SurveyCSCJournals
A wireless sensor network is a network of tiny nodes with wireless sensing capacity for data collection processing and further communicating with the Base Station this paper discusses the overall mechanism of data dissemination right from data collection at the sensor nodes, clustering of sensor nodes, data aggregation at the cluster heads and disseminating data to the Base Station the overall motive of the paper is to conserve energy so that lifetime of the network is extended this paper highlights the existing algorithms and open research gaps in efficient data dissemination.
Mobile elements scheduling for periodic sensor applicationsijwmn
In this paper, we investigate the problem of designing the mobile elements tours such that the length of each tour is below a per-determined length and the depth of the multi-hop routing trees bounded by k. The path of the mobile element is designed to visit subset of the nodes (cache points). These cache points store other nodes data. To address this problem, we propose two heuristic-based solutions. Our solutions take into consideration the distribution of the nodes during the establishment of the tour. The results of our experiments indicate that our schemes significantly outperforms the best comparable scheme in the literature.
Many real-time systems are naturally distributed and these distributed systems require not only highavailability
but also timely execution of transactions. Consequently, eventual consistency, a weaker type of
strong consistency is an attractive choice for a consistency level. Unfortunately, standard eventual
consistency, does not contain any real-time considerations. In this paper we have extended eventual
consistency with real-time constraints and this we call real-time eventual consistency. Followed by this new
definition we have proposed a method that follows this new definition. We present a new algorithm using
revision diagrams and fork-join data in a real-time distributed environment and we show that the proposed
method solves the problem.
Data gathering in wireless sensor networks using intermediate nodesIJCNCJournal
Energy consumption is an essential concern to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).The major cause of the energy consumption in WSNs is due to the data aggregation. A data aggregation is a process of collecting data from sensor nodes and transmitting these data to the sink node or base station. An effective way to perform such a task is accomplished by using clustering. In clustering, nodes are grouped into clusters where a number of nodes, called cluster heads, are responsible for gathering data from other nodes, aggregate them and transmit them to the Base Station (BS).
In this paper we produce a new algorithm which focused on reducing the transmission bath between sensor nodes and cluster heads. A proper utilization and reserving of the available power resources is achieved with this technique compared to the well-known LEACH_C algorithm.
Efficient Tree-based Aggregation and Processing Time for Wireless Sensor Netw...CSCJournals
Tree-based data aggregation suffers from increased data delivery time because the parents must wait for the data from their leaves. In this paper, we propose an Efficient Tree-based Aggregation and Processing Time (ETAPT) algorithm using Appropriate Data Aggregation and Processing Time (ADAPT) metric. A tree structure is built out from the sink, electing sensors having the highest degree of connectivity as parents; others are considered as leaves. Given the maximum acceptable latency, ETAPT's algorithm takes into account the position of parents, their number of leaves and the depth of the tree, in order to compute an optimal ADAPT time to parents with more leaves, so increasing data aggregation gain and ensuring enough time to process data from leaves. Simulations were performed in order to validate our ETAPT. The results obtained show that our ETAPT provides a higher data aggregation gain, with lower energy consumed and end-to-end delay compared to Aggregation Time Control (ATC) and Data Aggregation Supported by Dynamic Routing (DASDR).
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
A QoI Based Energy Efficient Clustering for Dense Wireless Sensor Networkijassn
In a wireless sensor network Quality of Information (QoI), Energy Efficiency, Redundant data avoidance,
congestion control are the important metrics that affect the performance of wireless sensor network. As
many approaches were proposed to increase the performance of a wireless sensor network among them
clustering is one of the efficient approaches in sensor network. Many clustering algorithms concentrate
mainly on power Optimization like FSCH, LEACH, and EELBCRP. There is necessity of the above
metrics in wireless sensor network where nodes are densely deployed in a given network area. As the nodes
are deployed densely there is maximum possibility of nodes appear in the sensing region of other nodes. So
there exists an option that nodes have to send the information that is already reached the base station by its
own cluster members or by members of other clusters. This mechanism will affect the QoI, Energy factor
and congestion control of the wireless sensor networks. Even though clustering uses TDMA (Time Division
Multiple Access) for avoiding congestion control for intra clustering data transmission, but it may fail in
some critical situation. This paper proposed a energy efficient clustering which avoid data redundancy in a
dense sensor network until the network becomes sparse and hence uses the TDMA efficiently during high
density of the nodes.
DYNAMIC TASK SCHEDULING BASED ON BURST TIME REQUIREMENT FOR CLOUD ENVIRONMENTIJCNCJournal
Cloud computing has an indispensable role in the modern digital scenario. The fundamental challenge of cloud systems is to accommodate user requirements which keep on varying. This dynamic cloud environment demands the necessity of complex algorithms to resolve the trouble of task allotment. The overall performance of cloud systems is rooted in the efficiency of task scheduling algorithms. The dynamic property of cloud systems makes it challenging to find an optimal solution satisfying all the evaluation metrics. The new approach is formulated on the Round Robin and the Shortest Job First algorithms. The Round Robin method reduces starvation, and the Shortest Job First decreases the average waiting time. In this work, the advantages of both algorithms are incorporated to improve the makespan of user tasks.
Peer to peer cache resolution mechanism for mobile ad hoc networksijwmn
In this paper we investigate the problem of cache resolution in a mobile peer to peer ad hoc network. In our
vision cache resolution should satisfy the following requirements: (i) it should result in low message
overhead and (ii) the information should be retrieved with minimum delay. In this paper, we show that
these goals can be achieved by splitting the one hop neighbours in to two sets based on the transmission
range. The proposed approach reduces the number of messages flooded in to the network to find the
requested data. This scheme is fully distributed and comes at very low cost in terms of cache overhead. The
experimental results gives a promising result based on the metrics of studies
Periodic Auditing of Data in Cloud Using Random BitsIJTET Journal
Cloud storage is a service that moves user‟s data into large data centers. Here datas are remotely located, maintained, managed and backed up through internet. Cloud provides the way for check the integrity of user‟s data if he can‟t access the data physically. In this paper we provide the proof of retrievability (POR) scheme to ensure the data integrity in cloud based on SLA (service level agreement). In addition we provide a dynamic audit service for verifying the integrity of outsourced and untrusted storage of data by using method based on probabilistic query and periodic verification for improving the performance of audit services.
A Secure Cloud Storage System with Data Forwarding using Proxy Re-encryption ...IJTET Journal
Cloud computing provides the facility to access shared resources and common support which contributes services on demand over the network to perform operations that meet changing business needs. A cloud storage system, consisting of a collection of storage servers, affords long-term storage services over the internet. Storing the data in a third party cloud system cause serious concern over data confidentiality, without considering the local infrastructure limitations, the cloud services allow the user to enjoy the cloud applications. As the different users may be working in the collaborative relationship, the data sharing becomes significant to achieve productive benefit during the data accessing. The existing security system only focuses on the authentication; it shows that user’s private data cannot be accessed by the fake users. To address the above cloud storage privacy issue shared authority based privacy-preserving authentication protocol is used. In the SAPA, the shared access authority is achieved by anonymous access request and privacy consideration, attribute based access control allows the user to access their own data fields. To provide the data sharing among the multiple users proxy re-encryption scheme is applied by the cloud server. The privacy-preserving data access authority sharing is attractive for multi-user collaborative cloud applications.
Enhancing energy efficient dynamic load balanced clustering protocol using Dy...IJTET Journal
Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a kind of self configuring and self describing wireless ad hoc networks. MANET has characteristics of topology dynamics due to factors such as energy conservation and node movement that leads to dynamic load balanced clustering problem (DLBCP). It is necessary to have an effective clustering algorithm for adapting the topology change. Generally, Clustering is mainly used to reduce the topology size. In this, we used load balance and energy metric in GA to solve the DLBCP. It is important to select the energy efficient cluster head for maintaining the cluster structure and balance the load effectively. Elitism based Immigrants Genetic algorithm (EIGA) and Memory Enhanced Genetic Algorithm (MEGA) are used to solve DLBCP. These schemes will select the optimal cluster head by considering the parameters includes distance and energy. We used EIGA to maintain the diversity level of the population and memory scheme (MEGA) to store the old environments into the memory. It promises the energy efficiency for the entire cluster structure to increase the lifetime of the network. The experimental results show that the proposed schemes increases the network life time and reduces the energy consumption.
In the present era of computerization, computation has become a part and parcel of our technological life. Numerous methods have been employed for counting purposes. MANU’S EMPLOYEE ESTIMATING DEVICE, is one of the counting device, which is used to count the number of persons present in an hall or a company. The estimating device was made by using LDR, IC CD4026 and common cathode seven segment display. It works on the principle that when the light falling on an LDR is interrupted the resistance increases which provides a clock pulse to IC CD4026. CD4026 IC is used in the circuit to drive the seven segment display. At this occurrence, LED stops glowing to indicate that someone is entering or exiting the hall. The interrupts are counted and then it is indicated in the seven segment display. The main advantages of this device are low cost, less complexity and efficient performance
Network Lifetime Enhancement by Node Deployment in WSNIJTET Journal
Abstract— The key challenge in wireless sensor network is network lifetime so it is necessary to increase the network lifetime. The work deals with the enhancement of the network lifetime for target coverage problem in wireless sensor network while deploying the sensor nodes. Initially sensor nodes and targets are placed randomly, where the targets are the not sensor nodes its external parameter. Network lifetime for this scenario is computed, where the sensing range and initial energy of the battery are assumed. Network lifetime is based on sensor nodes that monitor the targets and lifetime of battery. The randomly placed sensor nodes are redeployed using optimization algorithm called Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). The network lifetime for redeployed sensor nodes are computed and compared with randomly deployed sensor nodes.
Time Reduction and Upgrading of Balancing Machine for ImpellerIJTET Journal
The aim of our project was to upgrade a balancing machine. By making suitable external arrangements in the existing balancing machine, the operation time of the machine is curtailed, which in turn increases the productivity of the machine as well as dwindle human effort. It took minimum of a few hours to align the base of the motor bed in the balancing machine. L-angle plate, with a guide, key and disc brake are the extraneous arrangements in balancing machine.
ADVANCED DIFFUSION APPROACH TO DYNAMIC LOAD-BALANCING FOR CLOUD STORAGEijdpsjournal
Load-balancing techniques have become a critical function in cloud storage systems that consist of complex heterogeneous networks of nodes with different capacities. However, the convergence rate of any load-balancing algorithm as well as its performance deteriorated as the number of nodes in the system, the diameter of the network and the communication overhead increased. Therefore, this paper presents an approach aims at scaling the system out not up - in other words, allowing the system to be expanded by adding more nodes without the need to increase the power of each node while at the same time increasing the overall performance of the system. Also, our proposal aims at improving the performance by not only
considering the parameters that will affect the algorithm performance but also simplifying the structure of the network that will execute the algorithm. Our proposal was evaluated through mathematical analysis as well as computer simulations, and it was compared with the centralized approach and the original diffusion technique. Results show that our solution outperforms them in terms of throughput and response time.
Finally, we proved that our proposal converges to the state of equilibrium where the loads in all in-domain nodes are the same since each node receives an amount of load proportional to its capacity. Therefore, we conclude that this approach would have an advantage of being fair, simple and no node is privileged.
Tremendous usage of internet has made huge data on the network, without compromising on the
performance of network the end-users must obtain best service. As cloud provides different services on
leasing basis many companies are migrating from their own Infrastructure to cloud,This migration should
not compromise on performance of the cloud, The performance of the cloud can be improved by having
excellent load balancing strategy such that the end user is satisfied. The paper reveals the method by which
a cloud can be partitioned and a study of different algorithm with comparative study to balance the
dynamic load. The comparative study between Ant Colony and Honey Bee algorithm gives the result which
algorithm is optimal in normal load condition also the simplest round robin algorithm is applied when the
partition are in Idle state
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
A COST EFFECTIVE COMPRESSIVE DATA AGGREGATION TECHNIQUE FOR WIRELESS SENSOR N...ijasuc
In wireless sensor network (WSN) there are two main problems in employing conventional compression
techniques. The compression performance depends on the organization of the routes for a larger extent.
The efficiency of an in-network data compression scheme is not solely determined by the compression
ratio, but also depends on the computational and communication overheads. In Compressive Data
Aggregation technique, data is gathered at some intermediate node where its size is reduced by applying
compression technique without losing any information of complete data. In our previous work, we have
developed an adaptive traffic aware aggregation technique in which the aggregation technique can be
changed into structured and structure-free adaptively, depending on the load status of the traffic. In this
paper, as an extension to our previous work, we provide a cost effective compressive data gathering
technique to enhance the traffic load, by using structured data aggregation scheme. We also design a
technique that effectively reduces the computation and communication costs involved in the compressive
data gathering process. The use of compressive data gathering process provides a compressed sensor
reading to reduce global data traffic and distributes energy consumption evenly to prolong the network
lifetime. By simulation results, we show that our proposed technique improves the delivery ratio while
reducing the energy and delay
Data Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks: A State-of-the Art SurveyCSCJournals
A wireless sensor network is a network of tiny nodes with wireless sensing capacity for data collection processing and further communicating with the Base Station this paper discusses the overall mechanism of data dissemination right from data collection at the sensor nodes, clustering of sensor nodes, data aggregation at the cluster heads and disseminating data to the Base Station the overall motive of the paper is to conserve energy so that lifetime of the network is extended this paper highlights the existing algorithms and open research gaps in efficient data dissemination.
Mobile elements scheduling for periodic sensor applicationsijwmn
In this paper, we investigate the problem of designing the mobile elements tours such that the length of each tour is below a per-determined length and the depth of the multi-hop routing trees bounded by k. The path of the mobile element is designed to visit subset of the nodes (cache points). These cache points store other nodes data. To address this problem, we propose two heuristic-based solutions. Our solutions take into consideration the distribution of the nodes during the establishment of the tour. The results of our experiments indicate that our schemes significantly outperforms the best comparable scheme in the literature.
Many real-time systems are naturally distributed and these distributed systems require not only highavailability
but also timely execution of transactions. Consequently, eventual consistency, a weaker type of
strong consistency is an attractive choice for a consistency level. Unfortunately, standard eventual
consistency, does not contain any real-time considerations. In this paper we have extended eventual
consistency with real-time constraints and this we call real-time eventual consistency. Followed by this new
definition we have proposed a method that follows this new definition. We present a new algorithm using
revision diagrams and fork-join data in a real-time distributed environment and we show that the proposed
method solves the problem.
Data gathering in wireless sensor networks using intermediate nodesIJCNCJournal
Energy consumption is an essential concern to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).The major cause of the energy consumption in WSNs is due to the data aggregation. A data aggregation is a process of collecting data from sensor nodes and transmitting these data to the sink node or base station. An effective way to perform such a task is accomplished by using clustering. In clustering, nodes are grouped into clusters where a number of nodes, called cluster heads, are responsible for gathering data from other nodes, aggregate them and transmit them to the Base Station (BS).
In this paper we produce a new algorithm which focused on reducing the transmission bath between sensor nodes and cluster heads. A proper utilization and reserving of the available power resources is achieved with this technique compared to the well-known LEACH_C algorithm.
Efficient Tree-based Aggregation and Processing Time for Wireless Sensor Netw...CSCJournals
Tree-based data aggregation suffers from increased data delivery time because the parents must wait for the data from their leaves. In this paper, we propose an Efficient Tree-based Aggregation and Processing Time (ETAPT) algorithm using Appropriate Data Aggregation and Processing Time (ADAPT) metric. A tree structure is built out from the sink, electing sensors having the highest degree of connectivity as parents; others are considered as leaves. Given the maximum acceptable latency, ETAPT's algorithm takes into account the position of parents, their number of leaves and the depth of the tree, in order to compute an optimal ADAPT time to parents with more leaves, so increasing data aggregation gain and ensuring enough time to process data from leaves. Simulations were performed in order to validate our ETAPT. The results obtained show that our ETAPT provides a higher data aggregation gain, with lower energy consumed and end-to-end delay compared to Aggregation Time Control (ATC) and Data Aggregation Supported by Dynamic Routing (DASDR).
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
A QoI Based Energy Efficient Clustering for Dense Wireless Sensor Networkijassn
In a wireless sensor network Quality of Information (QoI), Energy Efficiency, Redundant data avoidance,
congestion control are the important metrics that affect the performance of wireless sensor network. As
many approaches were proposed to increase the performance of a wireless sensor network among them
clustering is one of the efficient approaches in sensor network. Many clustering algorithms concentrate
mainly on power Optimization like FSCH, LEACH, and EELBCRP. There is necessity of the above
metrics in wireless sensor network where nodes are densely deployed in a given network area. As the nodes
are deployed densely there is maximum possibility of nodes appear in the sensing region of other nodes. So
there exists an option that nodes have to send the information that is already reached the base station by its
own cluster members or by members of other clusters. This mechanism will affect the QoI, Energy factor
and congestion control of the wireless sensor networks. Even though clustering uses TDMA (Time Division
Multiple Access) for avoiding congestion control for intra clustering data transmission, but it may fail in
some critical situation. This paper proposed a energy efficient clustering which avoid data redundancy in a
dense sensor network until the network becomes sparse and hence uses the TDMA efficiently during high
density of the nodes.
DYNAMIC TASK SCHEDULING BASED ON BURST TIME REQUIREMENT FOR CLOUD ENVIRONMENTIJCNCJournal
Cloud computing has an indispensable role in the modern digital scenario. The fundamental challenge of cloud systems is to accommodate user requirements which keep on varying. This dynamic cloud environment demands the necessity of complex algorithms to resolve the trouble of task allotment. The overall performance of cloud systems is rooted in the efficiency of task scheduling algorithms. The dynamic property of cloud systems makes it challenging to find an optimal solution satisfying all the evaluation metrics. The new approach is formulated on the Round Robin and the Shortest Job First algorithms. The Round Robin method reduces starvation, and the Shortest Job First decreases the average waiting time. In this work, the advantages of both algorithms are incorporated to improve the makespan of user tasks.
Peer to peer cache resolution mechanism for mobile ad hoc networksijwmn
In this paper we investigate the problem of cache resolution in a mobile peer to peer ad hoc network. In our
vision cache resolution should satisfy the following requirements: (i) it should result in low message
overhead and (ii) the information should be retrieved with minimum delay. In this paper, we show that
these goals can be achieved by splitting the one hop neighbours in to two sets based on the transmission
range. The proposed approach reduces the number of messages flooded in to the network to find the
requested data. This scheme is fully distributed and comes at very low cost in terms of cache overhead. The
experimental results gives a promising result based on the metrics of studies
Periodic Auditing of Data in Cloud Using Random BitsIJTET Journal
Cloud storage is a service that moves user‟s data into large data centers. Here datas are remotely located, maintained, managed and backed up through internet. Cloud provides the way for check the integrity of user‟s data if he can‟t access the data physically. In this paper we provide the proof of retrievability (POR) scheme to ensure the data integrity in cloud based on SLA (service level agreement). In addition we provide a dynamic audit service for verifying the integrity of outsourced and untrusted storage of data by using method based on probabilistic query and periodic verification for improving the performance of audit services.
A Secure Cloud Storage System with Data Forwarding using Proxy Re-encryption ...IJTET Journal
Cloud computing provides the facility to access shared resources and common support which contributes services on demand over the network to perform operations that meet changing business needs. A cloud storage system, consisting of a collection of storage servers, affords long-term storage services over the internet. Storing the data in a third party cloud system cause serious concern over data confidentiality, without considering the local infrastructure limitations, the cloud services allow the user to enjoy the cloud applications. As the different users may be working in the collaborative relationship, the data sharing becomes significant to achieve productive benefit during the data accessing. The existing security system only focuses on the authentication; it shows that user’s private data cannot be accessed by the fake users. To address the above cloud storage privacy issue shared authority based privacy-preserving authentication protocol is used. In the SAPA, the shared access authority is achieved by anonymous access request and privacy consideration, attribute based access control allows the user to access their own data fields. To provide the data sharing among the multiple users proxy re-encryption scheme is applied by the cloud server. The privacy-preserving data access authority sharing is attractive for multi-user collaborative cloud applications.
Enhancing energy efficient dynamic load balanced clustering protocol using Dy...IJTET Journal
Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a kind of self configuring and self describing wireless ad hoc networks. MANET has characteristics of topology dynamics due to factors such as energy conservation and node movement that leads to dynamic load balanced clustering problem (DLBCP). It is necessary to have an effective clustering algorithm for adapting the topology change. Generally, Clustering is mainly used to reduce the topology size. In this, we used load balance and energy metric in GA to solve the DLBCP. It is important to select the energy efficient cluster head for maintaining the cluster structure and balance the load effectively. Elitism based Immigrants Genetic algorithm (EIGA) and Memory Enhanced Genetic Algorithm (MEGA) are used to solve DLBCP. These schemes will select the optimal cluster head by considering the parameters includes distance and energy. We used EIGA to maintain the diversity level of the population and memory scheme (MEGA) to store the old environments into the memory. It promises the energy efficiency for the entire cluster structure to increase the lifetime of the network. The experimental results show that the proposed schemes increases the network life time and reduces the energy consumption.
In the present era of computerization, computation has become a part and parcel of our technological life. Numerous methods have been employed for counting purposes. MANU’S EMPLOYEE ESTIMATING DEVICE, is one of the counting device, which is used to count the number of persons present in an hall or a company. The estimating device was made by using LDR, IC CD4026 and common cathode seven segment display. It works on the principle that when the light falling on an LDR is interrupted the resistance increases which provides a clock pulse to IC CD4026. CD4026 IC is used in the circuit to drive the seven segment display. At this occurrence, LED stops glowing to indicate that someone is entering or exiting the hall. The interrupts are counted and then it is indicated in the seven segment display. The main advantages of this device are low cost, less complexity and efficient performance
Network Lifetime Enhancement by Node Deployment in WSNIJTET Journal
Abstract— The key challenge in wireless sensor network is network lifetime so it is necessary to increase the network lifetime. The work deals with the enhancement of the network lifetime for target coverage problem in wireless sensor network while deploying the sensor nodes. Initially sensor nodes and targets are placed randomly, where the targets are the not sensor nodes its external parameter. Network lifetime for this scenario is computed, where the sensing range and initial energy of the battery are assumed. Network lifetime is based on sensor nodes that monitor the targets and lifetime of battery. The randomly placed sensor nodes are redeployed using optimization algorithm called Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). The network lifetime for redeployed sensor nodes are computed and compared with randomly deployed sensor nodes.
Time Reduction and Upgrading of Balancing Machine for ImpellerIJTET Journal
The aim of our project was to upgrade a balancing machine. By making suitable external arrangements in the existing balancing machine, the operation time of the machine is curtailed, which in turn increases the productivity of the machine as well as dwindle human effort. It took minimum of a few hours to align the base of the motor bed in the balancing machine. L-angle plate, with a guide, key and disc brake are the extraneous arrangements in balancing machine.
Adaptive Circumstance Knowledgeable Trusted System for Security Enhancement i...IJTET Journal
Every MANET application has its own policy and they need some special policies to enhance the security. In
MANET, each node acts as the router. The main challenging of the MANET setting up routing paths through the legitimate
nodes only. To make the MANET as the trusted system some external policies or schemes are needed. However, whether
for malicious or selfish purposes, a node may not cooperate during the network events or even try to interrupt them, both
are consider as misbehaviors. Substantial analysis efforts have been made to finding misbehaviors. Both the faulty
behaviors and malicious behavior are generally equally treated as misbehaviors without any further analysis by most of the
malicious behavior detection mechanisms. In this paper, propose the Adaptive Circumstance Knowledgeable trusted
framework, in which various contextual information, such as battery status weather condition and communication channel
status, are used to identify whether the misbehavior is a result of malicious activity or not.
An Efficient VLSI Design for Extracting Local Binary PatternIJTET Journal
Abstract— The nonspecific nature of the signs and symptoms of Acute Myelogenous leukaemia typically results in wrong designation. Diagnostic confusion is additionally display because of imitation of comparable signs by alternative disorders. Careful microscopic examination of stained blood smear or bone marrow aspirate is that the solely thanks to effective designation of leukaemia. Now a days, a statistic approach to texture analysis has been developed, during which the distributions of straightforward texture measures supported native ternary patterns (LTP) are used for texture details. This paper shows that a selected set of patterns encoded in LTP forms together with wavelets transform primarily based frequency domain parameters extraction is an economical and sturdy texture description which may bring higher classification rates compared with the prevailing ways.
Experimental Evaluation of Electronic Port Fuel Injection System in Four Stro...IJTET Journal
In Today’s life, the two wheelers is best friend to us because wherever we gowe take it with us. And therefore we are all
looking for higher performance and lower emission engines. And now a day, engines are using only carburetor for mixing of fuel and
air. So these engines suffer lower operating efficiency, higher fuel consumption and produce higher level of harmful emission. So to
overcome this problem,Electronic port fuel injection system is introduced. In this system the fuel injector injects fuel in accordance to
need of engine which is measured by the various sensors like speed sensor, crank angle sensor, Lambda sensorand throttle body
sensor, etc. And here Electronic Port Fuel Injection System for Four Stroke 125cc SI engine was designed and the Experimental
Evaluation had made to investigate the performance parameters and emission parameters of the engine.
Comparative Study on Watermarking & Image Encryption for Secure CommunicationIJTET Journal
Over the past decades, research in security has concentrated on the development of algorithms and protocols for authentication, encryption and integrity of data. Despite tremendous advances, several security problems still afflict system’s. In this android app watermarking and encryption is being applied on images and data. Because of the human visual system’s low sensitivity to small changes and the high flexibility of digital media, anyone can easily make small changes in digital data with low perceptibility. Here watermarking and encryption are being performed in wavelet domain. Here in watermarking, the coefficients of watermarks are being embedded with the coefficients of the original image. Encryption is being done in wavelet domain so that the probability of an intruder trying to access the contents is very much minimized. Thus, this model provides a high level of security.
Biometrics Authentication Using Raspberry PiIJTET Journal
Biometric authentication is one of the most popular and accurate technology. Nowadays, it is used in many real time
applications. However, recognizing fingerprints in Linux based embedded computers (raspberry pi) is still a very complex problem.
This entire work is done on the Linux based embedded computer called raspberry pi , in which database creation and management
using postgresql, web page creation using PHP language, fingerprint reader access, authentication and recognition using python were
entirely done on raspberry pi This paper discusses on the standardized authentication model which is capable of extracting the
fingerprints of individual and store that in database . Then I use the final fingerprint to match with others in fingerprints present in the
database (postgresql) to show the capability of this model.
Area Delay Power Efficient and Implementation of Modified Square-Root Carry S...IJTET Journal
Abstract: In VLSI Technology, Carry Propagation Delay is the most important concern for the Adders. Adder is the most unavoidable component for the arithmetic performances. This paper is Modified Square Root-Carry Select Adder (SQRT-CSLA) design reduces the delay with 16 bit adder. Carry select adder have two units for Carry Generation (CG) and Carry Selection (CS). The modified SQRT-CSLA design can gives parallel path for carry propagation. So the overall adder delay has reduced. Modified design is obtained using Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) with Boolean Excess-1 Converter (BEC). BEC produces an output i.e., is an excess one result for given input bits. Then input bits and BEC output is given to multiplexer for carry selection. Use of BEC instead of dual RCA gives efficient carry propagation delay and it consumes the lower power and overall gates using in design is reduced with compared to carry select adder with dual RCA. The final sum is calculated using final sum generation.
Enhanced Secure E-Gateway using Hierarchical Visual CryptographyIJTET Journal
ABSTRACT - Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have emerged as a promising technology because of their wide range of
applications. Wireless mesh networks wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are dynamically self – organizing, self –
configuring, self – healing with nodes in the network automatically establishing an adHoc network and maintaining mesh
connectivity. Because of their fast connectivity wireless mesh networks (WMNs) is widely used in military applications.
Security is the major constrain in wireless mesh networks (WMNs). This paper considers a special type of DoS attack
called selective forwarding attack or greyhole attack. With such an attack, a misbehaving mesh router just forwards few
packets it receives but drops sensitive data packets. To mitigate the effect of such attack an approach called FADE :
Forward Assessment based Detection is adopted. FADE scheme detects the presence of attack inside the network by
means of two-hop acknowledgment based monitoring and forward assessment based detection. FADE operates in three
phases and analyzed by determining optimal threshold values. This approach is found to provide effective defense against
the collaborative internal attackers in WMNs.
Harmonic Mitigation Method for the DC-AC Converter in a Single Phase SystemIJTET Journal
This project suggest a sine-wave modulation technique is to achieve a low total harmonic distortion of Buck-Boost converter connected to a changing polarity inverter in a system. The suggested technique improves the harmonic content of the output. In addition, a proportional-resonant Integral controller is used along with harmonic compensation techniques for eliminating the DC component in the system. Also, the performance of the Proposed controller is analyzed when it connecting to the converter. The design of Buck-Boost converter is fed by modulated sine wave Pulse width modulation technique are proposed to mitigate the low order harmonics and to control the output current. So, that the output complies within the standard limit without use of low pass filter.
Quality Prediction in Fingerprint CompressionIJTET Journal
A new algorithm for fingerprint compression based on sparse representation is introduced. At first, dictionary is constructed by sparse combination of set of fingerprint patches. Designing dictionaries can be done by either selecting one from a prespecified set or adapting a dictionary to a set of training signals. In this paper, we use K-SVD algorithm to construct dictionary. After computation of dictionary, the image gets quantized, filtered and encoded. The resultant image obtained may be of three qualities: Good, Bad and Ugly (GBU problem). In this paper, we overcome the GBU problem by prediction the quality of image.
Efficient Design of Higher Order Variable Digital Filter for Multi Modulated ...IJTET Journal
The electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is commonly used technique in clinical examination proposes a method of designing reconfigurable warped digital filter with various low-pass, high-pass, band-pass and band-stop responses. The warped filter is obtain by replacing each element interruption of a digital filter with an all exceed filter. It is widely used for various video and audio processing applications. Warped filters require first-order all pass conversion to obtain low-pass and high-pass responses, and by using second-order all pass conversion to obtain variable band-pass and band-stop responses. To overcome this drawback, proposed method combines warped filters with the coefficient decimation technique. In VLSI circuits in order to reduce hardware cost Command Signals Decoder (CSD) based shift-and-add approach is used for multiplication. It offers extensive savings in opening count and power utilization more than other approaches.
Flow Control Using Variable Frequency Drive In Water Treatment Process of Dei...IJTET Journal
Abstract— Water scarcity is a major problem in the current scenario, so consumption of water should be reduced in industries.
The pulp and paper(P&P) industry is one of the heaviest users of water. Water is used in nearly every step of the manufacturing
process. To control the consumption of large amounts of fresh water in industries, water treatment process is important. This
project is done at Tamilnadu Newsprint and Papers Limited, Karur under the area of deinked pulp plant and the process of water
treatment. In water treatment process chemical dosage flow added should be correct according to the inlet flow. In our project
Variable Frequency Drive is used instead of control valve. According to the inlet flow induction motor speed is controlled by
using VFD, then chemical dosage flow, is controlled. The method of speed control used here is vector control. In this process by
using VFD, leakage of chemicals is minimised and the precise control of chemical dosage flow is improved.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
In this paper we explore the issue of store determination in a portable shared specially appointed system. In our vision reserve determination ought to fulfill the accompanying prerequisites: (i) it ought to bring about low message overhead and (ii) the data ought to be recovered with least postponement. In this paper, we demonstrate that these objectives can be accomplished by part the one bounce neighbors into two sets in view of the transmission run. The proposed approach lessens the quantity of messages overflowed into the system to discover the asked for information. This plan is completely circulated and comes requiring little to no effort as far as store overhead. The test comes about gives a promising outcome in view of the measurements of studies.
A Survey of File Replication Techniques In Grid SystemsEditor IJCATR
Grid is a type of parallel and distributed systems that is designed to provide reliable access to data
and computational resources in wide area networks. These resources are distributed in different geographical
locations. Efficient data sharing in global networks is complicated by erratic node failure, unreliable network
connectivity and limited bandwidth. Replication is a technique used in grid systems to improve the
applications’ response time and to reduce the bandwidth consumption. In this paper, we present a survey on
basic and new replication techniques that have been proposed by other researchers. After that, we have a full
comparative study on these replication strategies.
Grid is a type of parallel and distributed systems that is designed to provide reliable access to data
and computational resources in wide area networks. These resources are distributed in different geographical
locations. Efficient data sharing in global networks is complicated by erratic node failure, unreliable network
connectivity and limited bandwidth. Replication is a technique used in grid systems to improve the
applications’ response time and to reduce the bandwidth consumption. In this paper, we present a survey on
basic and new replication techniques that have been proposed by other researchers. After that, we have a full
comparative study on these replication strategies
A Survey of File Replication Techniques In Grid SystemsEditor IJCATR
Grid is a type of parallel and distributed systems that is designed to provide reliable access to data
and computational resources in wide area networks. These resources are distributed in different geographical
locations. Efficient data sharing in global networks is complicated by erratic node failure, unreliable network
connectivity and limited bandwidth. Replication is a technique used in grid systems to improve the
applications’ response time and to reduce the bandwidth consumption. In this paper, we present a survey on
basic and new replication techniques that have been proposed by other researchers. After that, we have a full
comparative study on these replication strategies
A NOVEL CACHE RESOLUTION TECHNIQUE FOR COOPERATIVE CACHING IN WIRELESS MOBILE...cscpconf
Cooperative caching is used in mobile ad hoc networks to reduce the latency perceived by the mobile clients while retrieving data and to reduce the traffic load in the network. Caching also increases the availability of data due to server disconnections. The implementation of a cooperative caching technique essentially involves four major design considerations (i) cache placement and resolution, which decides where to place and how to locate the cached data (ii) Cache admission control which decides the data to be cached (iii) Cache replacement which makes the replacement decision when the cache is full and (iv) consistency maintenance, i.e. maintaining consistency between the data in server and cache. In this paper we propose an effective cache resolution technique, which reduces the number of messages flooded in to the network to find the requested data. The experimental results gives a promising result based on the metrics of studies.
A novel cache resolution technique for cooperative caching in wireless mobile...csandit
Cooperative caching is used in mobile ad hoc networks to reduce the latency perceived by the
mobile clients while retrieving data and to reduce the traffic load in the network. Caching also
increases the availability of data due to server disconnections. The implementation of a
cooperative caching technique essentially involves four major design considerations (i) cache
placement and resolution, which decides where to place and how to locate the cached data (ii)
Cache admission control which decides the data to be cached (iii) Cache replacement which
makes the replacement decision when the cache is full and (iv) consistency maintenance, i.e.
maintaining consistency between the data in server and cache. In this paper we propose an
effective cache resolution technique, which reduces the number of messages flooded in to the
network to find the requested data. The experimental results gives a promising result based on
the metrics of studies.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Data Distribution Handling on Cloud for Deployment of Big Dataneirew J
Cloud computing is a new emerging model in the field of computer science. For varying workload Cloud
computing presents a large scale on demand infrastructure. The primary usage of clouds in practice is to
process massive amounts of data. Processing large datasets has become crucial in research and business
environments. The big challenges associated with processing large datasets is the vast infrastructure
required. Cloud computing provides vast infrastructure to store and process Big data. Vms can be
provisioned on demand in cloud to process the data by forming cluster of Vms . Map Reduce paradigm can
be used to process data wherein the mapper assign part of task to particular Vms in cluster and reducer
combines individual output from each Vms to produce final result. we have proposed an algorithm to
reduce the overall data distribution and processing time. We tested our solution in Cloud Analyst
Simulation environment wherein, we found that our proposed algorithm significantly reduces the overall
data processing time in cloud.
Data Distribution Handling on Cloud for Deployment of Big Dataijccsa
Cloud computing is a new emerging model in the field of computer science. For varying workload Cloud computing presents a large scale on demand infrastructure. The primary usage of clouds in practice is to process massive amounts of data. Processing large datasets has become crucial in research and business environments. The big challenges associated with processing large datasets is the vast infrastructure required. Cloud computing provides vast infrastructure to store and process Big data. Vms can be provisioned on demand in cloud to process the data by forming cluster of Vms . Map Reduce paradigm can be used to process data wherein the mapper assign part of task to particular Vms in cluster and reducer combines individual output from each Vms to produce final result. we have proposed an algorithm to reduce the overall data distribution and processing time. We tested our solution in Cloud Analyst Simulation environment wherein, we found that our proposed algorithm significantly reduces the overall data processing time in cloud.
Dynamic selection of cluster head in in networks for energy managementeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Dynamic selection of cluster head in in networks for energy managementeSAT Journals
Abstract In this project, we presented Multipath Region Routing (MRR) protocol for energy conservation in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Large scale dense WSNs are used in different types of applications for accurate monitoring. Energy conservation is an important issue in WSNs. In order to save energy, Multipath Region Routing protocol is used which provides balance in energy consumption and sustains the network life-span. By using this method, we can reduce the number of energy dissipation because the cluster head will collect data directly from other nodes. Hence, the energy can be preserved and network life time is extended to reasonable time. Keywords: Clustering; Wireless Sensor Networks; Security; Multipath Region Routing;
MAP/REDUCE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF APRIORIALGORITHM FOR HANDLING VOLUMIN...acijjournal
Apriori is one of the key algorithms to generate frequent itemsets. Analysing frequent itemset is a crucial
step in analysing structured data and in finding association relationship between items. This stands as an
elementary foundation to supervised learning, which encompasses classifier and feature extraction
methods. Applying this algorithm is crucial to understand the behaviour of structured data. Most of the
structured data in scientific domain are voluminous. Processing such kind of data requires state of the art
computing machines. Setting up such an infrastructure is expensive. Hence a distributed environment
such as a clustered setup is employed for tackling such scenarios. Apache Hadoop distribution is one of
the cluster frameworks in distributed environment that helps by distributing voluminous data across a
number of nodes in the framework. This paper focuses on map/reduce design and implementation of
Apriori algorithm for structured data analysis.
Grid computing can involve lot of computational tasks which requires trustworthy computational nodes. Load balancing in grid computing is a technique which overall optimizes the whole process of assigning computational tasks to processing nodes. Grid computing is a form of distributed computing but different from conventional distributed computing in a manner that it tends to be heterogeneous, more loosely coupled and dispersed geographically. Optimization of this process must contains the overall maximization of resources utilization with balance load on each processing unit and also by decreasing the overall time or output. Evolutionary algorithms like genetic algorithms have studied so far for the implementation of load balancing across the grid networks. But problem with these genetic algorithm is that they are quite slow in cases where large number of tasks needs to be processed. In this paper we give a novel approach of parallel genetic algorithms for enhancing the overall performance and optimization of managing the whole process of load balancing across the grid nodes.
CLOUD COMPUTING – PARTITIONING ALGORITHM AND LOAD BALANCING ALGORITHMijcseit
Tremendous usage of internet has made huge data on the network, without compromising on the
performance of network the end-users must obtain best service. As cloud provides different services on
leasing basis many companies are migrating from their own Infrastructure to cloud,This migration should
not compromise on performance of the cloud, The performance of the cloud can be improved by having
excellent load balancing strategy such that the end user is satisfied. The paper reveals the method by which
a cloud can be partitioned and a study of different algorithm with comparative study to balance the
dynamic load. The comparative study between Ant Colony and Honey Bee algorithm gives the result which
algorithm is optimal in normal load condition also the simplest round robin algorithm is applied when the
partition are in Idle state
CLOUD COMPUTING – PARTITIONING ALGORITHM AND LOAD BALANCING ALGORITHMijcseit
Tremendous usage of internet has made huge data on the network, without compromising on the
performance of network the end-users must obtain best service. As cloud provides different services on
leasing basis many companies are migrating from their own Infrastructure to cloud,This migration should
not compromise on performance of the cloud, The performance of the cloud can be improved by having
excellent load balancing strategy such that the end user is satisfied. The paper reveals the method by which
a cloud can be partitioned and a study of different algorithm with comparative study to balance the
dynamic load. The comparative study between Ant Colony and Honey Bee algorithm gives the result which
algorithm is optimal in normal load condition also the simplest round robin algorithm is applied when the
partition are in Idle state
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Beaglebone Black Webcam Server For SecurityIJTET Journal
Web server security using BeagleBone Black is based on ARM Cortex-A8 processor and Linux operating system
is designed and implemented. In this project the server side consists of BeagleBone Black with angstrom OS and interfaced
with webcam. The client can access the web server by proper authentication. The web server displays the web page forms
like home, video, upload, settings and about. The home web page describes the functions of Web Pages. The video Web page
displays the saved videos in the server and client can view or download the videos. The upload web page is used by the client
to upload the files to server. The settings web page is used to change the username, password and date if needed. The about web page provides the description of the project
Conceal Traffic Pattern Discovery from Revealing Form of Ad Hoc NetworksIJTET Journal
Number of techniques has been planned supported packet secret writing to safeguard the
communication in MANETs. STARS functioning supported stastical characteristics of captured raw traffic.
STARS discover the relationships of offer to destination communication. To forestall STAR attack associate
offer hidding technique is introduced.The pattern aims to derive the source/destination probability distribution.
that's the probability for each node to entire traffic captured with link details message source/destination and
conjointly the end-to-end link probability distribution that's the probability for each strive of nodes to be
associate end-to-end communication strive. thence construct point-to-point traffic originate and then derive the
end-to-end traffic with a set of traffic filtering rules; thus actual traffic protected against revelation attack.
Through this protective mechanism efficiency of traffic enlarged by ninety fifth from attacked traffic. For a lot of
sweetening to avoid overall attacks second shortest path is chosen.
Node Failure Prevention by Using Energy Efficient Routing In Wireless Sensor ...IJTET Journal
The most necessary issue that has to be solved in coming up with an information transmission rule for
wireless unplanned networks is a way to save unplanned node energy whereas meeting the wants of applications
users because the unplanned nodes are battery restricted. Whereas satisfying the energy saving demand, it’s
conjointly necessary to realize the standard of service. Just in case of emergency work, it's necessary to deliver the
information on time. Achieving quality of service in is additionally necessary. So as to realize this demand, Power -
efficient Energy-Aware routing protocol for wireless unplanned networks is planned that saves the energy by
expeditiously choosing the energy economical path within the routing method. When supply finds route to
destination, it calculates α for every route. The worth α is predicated on largest minimum residual energy of the trail
and hop count of the trail. If a route has higher α, then that path is chosen for routing the information. The worth of α
are higher, if the most important of minimum residual energy of the trail is higher and also the range of hop count is
lower. Once the trail is chosen, knowledge is transferred on the trail. So as to extend the energy potency any
transmission power of the nodes is additionally adjusted supported the situation of their neighbour. If the neighbours
of a node are closely placed thereto node, then transmission vary of the node is diminished. Thus it's enough for the
node to own the transmission power to achieve the neighbour at intervals that vary. As a result transmission power
of the node is cut back that later on reduces the energy consumption of the node. Our planned work is simulated
through Network machine (NS-2). Existing AODV and Man-Min energy routing protocol conjointly simulated
through NS-2 for performance comparison. Packet Delivery quantitative relation, Energy Consumption and end-toend
delay.
Prevention of Malicious Nodes and Attacks in Manets Using Trust worthy MethodIJTET Journal
In Manet the first demand is co-operative communication among nodes. The malicious nodes might cause security issues like grey hole and cooperative attacks. To resolve these attack issue planning Dynamic supply routing mechanism, that is referred as cooperative bait detection theme (CBDS) that integrate the advantage of each proactive and reactive defence design is used. In region attacks, a node transmits a malicious broadcast informing that it's the shortest path to the destination, with the goal of intercepting messages. During this case, a malicious node (so-called region node) will attract all packets by victimisation solid Route Reply (RREP) packet to incorrectly claim that “fake” shortest route to the destination then discard these packets while not forwarding them to the destination. In grey hole attacks, the malicious node isn't abs initio recognized in and of itself since it turns malicious solely at a later time, preventing a trust-based security resolution from detective work its presence within the network. It then by selection discards/forwards the info packets once packets undergo it. During this we have a tendency to focus is on detective work grey hole/collaborative region attacks employing a dynamic supply routing (DSR)-based routing technique.
Effective Pipeline Monitoring Technology in Wireless Sensor NetworksIJTET Journal
Wireless detector nodes are a promising technology to play three-dimensional applications. Even it
will sight correct lead to could on top of ground and underground. In solid underground watching system makes
some challenges are there to propagating the signals. The detector node is moving entire the underground
pipeline and sending information to relay node that's placed within the on top of ground. If any relay node is
unsuccessful during this condition suggests that it'll not sending the info. In this watching system can specially
designed as a heterogeneous networks. Every high power relay nodes most covers minimum 2 low power relay
node. If any relay node is unsuccessful within the network, the constellation can modification mechanically
supported the heterogeneous network. The high power relay node is change the unsuccessful node and sending
the condition of pipeline. The benefits are thought-about to be extremely distributed, improved packet delivery
Raspberry Pi Based Client-Server Synchronization Using GPRSIJTET Journal
A low cost Internet-based attendance record embedded system for students which uses wireless technology to
transfer data between the client and server is designed. The proposed system consist of a Raspberry Pi which acts as a
client which stores the details of the students in the database by using user login system using web. When the user logs
into the database the data is sent through GPRS to the server machine which maintains the records of the employees and
the attendance is updated in the server database. The GPRS module provides a bidirectional real-time data transfer
between the client and server. This system can be implemented to any real time application so as to retrieve information
from a data source of the client system and send a file to the remote server through GPRS. The main aim is to avoid the
limitations in Ethernet connection and design a low cost and efficient attendance record system where the data is
transferred in a secure way from the client database and updated in the server database using GPRS technology
ECG Steganography and Hash Function Based Privacy Protection of Patients Medi...IJTET Journal
Data hiding can hide sensitive information into signals for covert communication. Most data hiding
techniques will distort the signal in order to insert additional messages. The distortion is often small; the irreversibility is
not admissible to some sensitive techniques. Most of the applications, lossless data hiding is desired to extract the
embedded data and the original host signal. The project proposes the enhancement of protection system for secret data
communication through encrypted data concealment in ECG signals of the patient. The proposed encryption technique
used to encrypt the confidential data into unreadable form and not only enhances the safety of secret carrier information by
making the information inaccessible to any intruder having a random method. For that we use twelve square ciphering
techniques. The technique is used make the communication between the sender and the receiver to be authenticated is hash
function. To evaluate the effectiveness of ECG wave at the proposed technique, distortion measurement techniques of two
are used, the percentage residue difference (PWD) and wavelets weighted PRD. Proposed technique provides high security protection for patient data with low distortion is proven in this proposed system.
An Efficient Decoding Algorithm for Concatenated Turbo-Crc CodesIJTET Journal
In this paper, a hybrid turbo decoding algorithm is used, in which the outer code, Cyclic Redundancy Check code is
not used for detection of errors as usual but for error correction and improvement. This algorithm effectively combines the iterative
decoding algorithm with Rate-Compatible Insertion Convolution Turbo Decoding, where the CRC code and the turbo code are
regarded as an integrated whole in the Decoding process. Altogether we propose an effective error detecting method based on
normalized Euclidean distance to compensate for the loss of error detection capability which should have been provided by CRC
code. Simulation results show that with the proposed approach, 0.5-2dB performance gain can be achieved for the code blocks
with short information length
Improved Trans-Z-source Inverter for Automobile ApplicationIJTET Journal
In this paper a new technology is proposed with a replacement of conventional voltage source/current
source inverter with Improved Trans-Z-source inverter in automobile applications. The improved Trans-Z-source
inverter has a high boost inversion capability and continues input current. Also this new inverter can suppress the
resonant current at the startup; this resonant current in the startup may lead the device to permanent damage. In
improved Trans-Z-source inverter a couple inductor is needed, instead of this coupled inductor a transformer is used.
By using a transformer with sufficient turns ratio the size can be reduced. The turn’s ratio of the transformer decides
the input voltage of the inverter. In this paper operating principle, comparison with conventional inverters, working
with automobiles simulation results, THD analysis, Hardware implementation using ATMEGA 328 P are included.
Wind Energy Conversion System Using PMSG with T-Source Three Phase Matrix Con...IJTET Journal
This paper presents an analysis of a PMSG wind power system using T-Sourcethree phase matrix converter. PMSG using T-Source three phase matrix converterhas advantages that it can provide any desired AC output voltage regardless of DC input with regulation in shoot-through time. In this control system T-Source capacitor voltage can be kept stable with variations in the shoot-through time, maximum power from the wind turbine to be delivered. Inaddition, of a new future, the converter employs a safe-commutation strategy toconduct along a continuous current flow, which results in theelimination of voltage spikes on switches without the need for a snubber circuit. With the use of matrix converter the surely need forrectifier circuit and passive components to store energy arereduced. The MATLAB/Simulinkmodel of the overall system is carried out and theoretical wind energy conversion output load voltage calculations are madeand feasibility of the new topology has been verified and that theconverter can produce an output voltage and output current. This proposed method has greater efficiency and lower cost.
Comprehensive Path Quality Measurement in Wireless Sensor NetworksIJTET Journal
A wireless sensor network mostly relies on multi-hop transmissions to deliver a data packet. It is of essential importance to measure the quality of multi-hop paths and such information shall be utilized in designing efficient routing strategies. Existing metrics like ETF, ETX mainly focus on quantifying the link performance in between the nodes while overlooking the forwarding capabilities inside the sensor nodes. By combining the QoF measurements within a node and over a link, we are able to comprehensively measure the intact path quality in designing efficient multihop routing protocols. We propose QoF, Quality of Forwarding, a new metric which explores the performance in the gray zone inside a node left unattended in previous studies. We implement QoF and build a modified Collection Tree Protocol.
Optimizing Data Confidentiality using Integrated Multi Query ServicesIJTET Journal
Query services have experienced terribly massive growth within past few years for that reason large usage of services need to balance outsourcing data management to Cloud service providers that provide query services to the client for data owners, therefore data owner needs data confidentiality as well as query privacy to be guaranteed attributable to disloyal behavior of cloud service provider consequently enhancing data confidentiality must not be compromise the query processed performance. It is not significant to provide slow query services as the result of security along with privacy assurance. We propose the random space perturbation data perturbation method to provide secure with kNN(k-nearest-neighbor) range query services for protecting data in the cloud and Frequency Structured R-Tree (FSR-Tree) efficient range query. Our schemes enhance data confidentiality without compromising the FSR-TREE query processing performance that also increases the user experience.
Foliage Measurement Using Image Processing TechniquesIJTET Journal
Automatic detection of fruit and leaf diseases is essential to automatically detect the symptoms of diseases as early as they appear on the growing stage. This system helps to detect the diseases on fruit during farming , right from plan and easily monitoring the diseases of grapes leaf and apple fruit. By using this system we can avoid the economical loss due to various diseases in agriculture production. K-means clustering technique is used for segmentation. The features are extracted from the segmented image and artificial neural network is used for training the image database and classified their performance to the respective disease categories. The experimental results express that what type of disease can be affected in the fruit and leaf .
Comparative Study on NDCT with Different Shell Supporting StructuresIJTET Journal
Natural draft cooling towers are very essential in modern days in thermal and nuclear power stations. These are the hyperbolic shells of revolution in form and are supported on inclined columns. Several types of shell supporting structures such as A,V,X,Y are being used for construction of NDCT’s. Wind loading on NDCT governs critical cases and requires attention. In this paper a comparative study on reinforcement details has been done on NDCT’s with X and Y shell supporting structures. For this purpose 166m cooling tower with X and Y supporting structures being analyzed and design for wind (BS & IS code methods), seismic loads using SAP2000.
Experimental Investigation of Lateral Pressure on Vertical Formwork Systems u...IJTET Journal
The modeling of pressure distribution of fresh concrete poured in vertical formwork are rather dynamic than complex. Many researchers had worked on the pressure distribution modeling of concrete and formulated empirical relationship factors like formwork height, rate of pour, consistency classes of concrete. However, in the current scenario, most of high rise construction uses self compacting concrete(SCC) which is a special concrete which utilizes not only mineral and chemical admixtures but also varied aggregate proportions and hence modeling pressure distribution of SCC over other concrete in vertical formwork systems is necessitated. This research seeks to bridge the gap between the theoretical formulation of pressure distribution with the actual modeled (scaled) vertical formwork systems. The pressure distribution of SCC in the laboratory will be determined using pressure sensors, modeled and analyzed.
A Five – Level Integrated AC – DC ConverterIJTET Journal
This paper presents the implementation of a new five – level integrated AC – DC converter with high input power factor and reduced input current harmonics complied with IEC1000-3-2 harmonic standards for electrical equipments. The proposed topology is a combination of boost input power factor pre – regulator and five – level DC – DC converter. The single – stage PFC (SSPFC) approach used in this topology is an alternative solution to low – power and cost – effective applications.
A Comprehensive Approach for Multi Biometric Recognition Using Sclera Vein an...IJTET Journal
Sclera and finger print vein fusion is a new biometric approach for uniquely identifying humans. First, Sclera vein is identified and refined using image enhancement techniques. Then Y shape feature extraction algorithm is used to obtain Y shape pattern which are then fused with finger vein pattern. Second, Finger vein pattern is obtained using CCD camera by passing infrared light through the finger. The obtained image is then enhanced. A line shape feature extraction algorithm is used to get line patterns from enhanced finger vein image. Finally Sclera vein image pattern and Finger vein image pattern were combined to get the final fused image. The image thus obtained can be used to uniquely identify a person. The proposed multimodal system will produce accurate results as it combines two main traits of an individual. Therefore, it can be used in human identification and authentication systems.
Study of Eccentrically Braced Outrigger Frame under Seismic ExitationIJTET Journal
Outrigger braced structures has efficient structural form consist of a central core, comprising braced frames with
horizontal cantilever ”outrigger” trusses or girders connecting the core to the outer column. When the structure is loaded
horizontally, vertical plane rotation of the core is restrained by the outriggers through tension in windward column and
compression in leeward column. The effective structural depth of the building is greatly increased, thus augmenting the lateral
stiffness of the building and reducing the lateral deflections and moments in core. In effect, the outriggers join the columns to the
core to make the structure behave as a partly composite cantilever. By providing eccentrically braced system in outrigger frame by
varying the size of links and analyzing it. Push over analysis is carried out by varying the link size using computer programs, Sap
2007 to understand their seismic performance. The ductile behavior of eccentrically braced frame is highly desirable for structures
subjected to strong ground motion. Maximum stiffness, strength, ductility and energy dissipation capacity are provided by
eccentrically braced frame. Studies were conducted on the use of outrigger frame for the high steel building subjected to
earthquake load. Braces are designed not to buckle, regardless of the severity of lateral loading on the frame. Thus eccentrically
braced frame ensures safety against collapse.
Enhanced Hashing Approach For Image Forgery Detection With Feature Level FusionIJTET Journal
Image forgery detection and its accuracy are addressed in the proposed work. The image authentication process aims at finding the originality of an image. Due to the advent of many image editing software image tampering has become common. The Enhanced hashing approach is suggested for image authentication. The concept of Hashing has been used for searching images from large databases. It can also be applied to image authentication as it produces different results with respect to the change in image. But the hashing methods used for similarity searches cannot be used for image authentication since they are no sensitive for small changes. Moreover, we need a system that detects only perceptual changes. A new hashing method, namely, enhanced robust hashing is proposed for image authentication, which uses global and local properties of an image. This method is developed for detecting image forgery, including removal, insertion, and replacement of objects, and abnormal color modification, and for locating the forged area. The local models include position and texture information of object regions in the image. The hash mechanism uses secret keys for encryption and decryption. IP tracing is done to track the suspicious nodes.
An Efficient Image Encomp Process Using LFSRIJTET Journal
Lossless color image compression algorithm based on hierarchical prediction and Context Adaptive Lossless Image Compression (CALIC).The RGB Image decorrelation is done by Reversible Color Transformation (RCT). The output of RCT is Y Component and chrominance component (cucv). The Y Component is encoded by any conventional technique like raster scan predicted method. The Chrominance images (cucv) are encoded by hierarchical prediction. In Hierarchical prediction row wise decomposition and column wise decomposition are performed. From the predicted value in order to obtain the compressed image can apply the arithmetic coding. In that results we can apply the Security for the images using LFSR encryption.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.