i-mode was launched in Japan in 1999 as a wireless internet service. Unlike WAP, i-mode uses a wider variety of internet standards over a packet-switched network, allowing access to services like email, games, and financial services. Content is provided through mobile carriers who control billing. i-mode works through a packet network, i-mode server, and information providers. It provides constant connectivity without usage charges. Security includes password protection and securing private networks.

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3. contents History of i mode What is i mode? Architecture How i mode works? i mode Security Business Model i mode Services i mode Users Comparison with WAP Advantages of i mode Conclusion

4. i mode - History i-mode was launched in Japan on 22 February 1999 . The content planning and service design team was led by Mari Matsunaga, while Takeshi Natsuno was responsible for the business development. Further Developments: Dec. 1999 i-mode compatible handsets with color screens were marketed Jan. 2001 i-appli service launched Jul. 2001 i-area service launched Nov. 2001 i-motion service launched Jun. 2002 i-shot service launched Jan. 2003 i-motion mail service launched Sep. 2005 i-channel service launched Oct. 2006 keyword search service for i-mode launched

5. I-mode is a wireless internet service popular in Japan . Unlike WAP , i-mode encompasses a wider variety of internet standards, including web access, e-mail and the packet-switched network that delivers the data. i-mode users have access to various services such as e-mail, sports results, weather forecast, games, financial services and ticket booking. Content is provided by specialized services, typically from the mobile carrier , which allows them to have tighter control over billing. What is i mode???

6. Architecture Packet Network (PDC-P) Communication Network (PDC) iMode Server Groupware Server PSTN Info. Provider HTTP/TCP/IP Leased Line Internet Info. Provider Info. Provider PC PC HTTP/TCP/IP

7. i mode Server The i-mode server is a regular Web server. It can reside at NTT DoCoMo or at the Enterprise. DoCoMo has been acting as a portal and so “normally” maintains the iMode server. For future implementations with advanced security requirements, it is possible to host the iMode server at the Enterprise. Functions: Internet AccessProxy Mail Storage User Management Information charging

8. ( Packet PDC-P) Personal Digital Cellular-Packet i-mode provides Internet service using Personal Digital Cellular-Packet (PDC-P) and a subset of HTML 3.0 for content description. i-mode allows application/content providers to distribute software (Java applets) to cellular phones and also allows users to download applets (e.g., games) the communication and is carried over TCP/IP for the wired part of the communication. .

9. Protocols TLP Improved efficiency in PDC-P network over TCP (uses fewer packets to save charges) Higher data packet ratio No 3-way handshake, control signals can piggyback data ALP Supports both pull (HTTP) and push style communication Direct HTTP communication between mobile phone and i-mode server UITP (User Information Transfer Protocol) sends subscriber information from PDC-P network to iMode server NWMP (Network Management Protocol) performs signaling Start/end of packet communication E.g. email delivery, push content notification Telephony Function HTML ALP (Application Layer Protocol) TLP (Transport Layer Protocol) PDC-P PDC Mail ALP (Application Layer Protocol) IP TCP iMode Server

10. How does i-Mode work? The i-Mode service uses an additional packet communication network that is built onto DoCoMo's main network. This packet data transmission technology allows for constant connectivity.Thus, users are not charged for how long they are online, since this time is unlimited. There are essentially 4 main components that are required for the i-Mode service. 1)A cellular phone capable of voice and packet communication and with a browser installed. 2)A packet network. 3)An i-mode server. 4) information providers .

11. Security Issues Security of the radio link between i-mode handset and the cellular base station. 2. Password security 3. Security of private networks on i-mode. 4. Security of private network links between the i-mode center and special service providers such as banks.

12. i-mode Related Services i-appli: i-mode with Java This service group consists of software (programs) used with i-mode compatible mobile phone terminals. Downloading the software makes it possible automatically update the news and weather forecast displays as well as to play new games. i-area: Location Based Service This is DOCOMO's location information service. The i-area service enables the user to check the weather forecast, traffic and store information and other convenient information for local areas as well as the map information to the user's current location.

13. i mode Users

14. WAP Specification for presenting and interacting with information on wireless Sites based on new WML 39% of world’s wireless internet users Usually used over circuit switched connections Services business-oriented, work-oriented Anyone can produce content, content menus iMode Wireless internet service (could be deployed over WAP) Sites based on HTML (cHTML) 60% of world’s wireless internet users Usually used over packet switched connections Services user-oriented, fun-oriented Anyone can produce content, DoCoMo operates content menus Comparison b/w i mode and WAP

15. Advantages Wireless internet service (could be deployed over WAP) Sites based on HTML (cHTML) 60% of world’s wireless internet users Usually used over packet switched connections Services user-oriented, fun-oriented Anyone can produce content, DoCoMo operates content menus Disadvantages Small display size Spotty coverage (tunnels, near buildings) Low bandwidth (wireless)

16. Conclusion i-mode phones are very good features,in future,using i-mode phones we can always connect internet The packet data transmission techonology allows for constant connectively therefore users are not charged for how long they are online,since this time is unlimited

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