The hydrocyclone is a crucial device in the separation industry, utilizing centrifugal forces to effectively separate heavy components from lighter ones without any moving parts. It is commonly used for solid-liquid separation in various industries, including alumina, pulp and paper, and wastewater treatment. Factors such as vortex finder diameter, pressure drop, and particle size significantly influence the performance of hydrocyclones.

1. Hydrocyclone
By
lithali
mester
Department enviromental engineering

2. An Introduction to Basic
Hydrocyclone
• A cycloneThe hydrocyclone is very important in the
separation industry. It is popular due to its simplicity in
design and effective operation. It was required that an
investigation into the operation and design of the
hydrocyclone was performedThe hydrocyclone uses
centrifugal forces as a separation mechanism and
during the separation process; it produces an overflow
and underflow stream

3. Hydrocyclone

4. Hydrocyclone Theory:
A hydrocyclone is a simple mechanical
machine which contains no moving
parts and uses centrifugal forces to
separate substances. It promotes
separation of heavy components from
light components. It is most popular in
separating solid particles from liquid,
but it can also be used for liquid-liquid
separation and solid classification

6. Industrial uses of the
Hydrocyclone
The alumina industry
Pulp and paper
Power plants
Industrial or Municipal
wastewater treatment
Effluent treatment

7. Factors affecting Hydrocyclone
performance
1: vortex finder
2:pressure drope
3:apex dia
4:feed flow rate
5:cyclone dia
6:cyclone length
7:particle size

8. 1:Vortex finder dia
Change Effect Reasons
increase
s
Decrease
efficiency
Coarser particles will mix with finer particles
decrease
s
Increase
efficiency
Only finer particles will flow through the vortex
finder

9. 2:Pressure drope
Change Effect reasons
increase Efficiency increases Flow rate increases
decreases decreases decreases

10. 3:Apex dia
Change Effect Reasons
increases Decreases efficiency Large volume of fluids
will loose along with
finer particles
decreases increases Large volume of Fluids
will be available for
overflow

11. 4:Feed flow rate
Change Effects reasons
increases Increases efficiency Increases G.forces
deceases decreases Decreases G. forces

12. 5:Cyclone dia
Change Effects Reasons
increases Decreases efficiency Decreases G.forces
decreases increases Increases G.forces

13. 6:Cyclone length
Change Effects reasons
increases Increases efficiency Residence time
increases
decreases decreases decreases

14. 7:Particle size
Change Effects reasons
increases Increases efficiency More likely for
particles to migrate to
exterior wall
decreases decreases To interior wall

15. Uses
 A hydrocyclone is most often used to
separate "heavies" from a liquid
mixture originating at a centrifugal
pump or some other continuous
source of pressurized liquid.
 A hydrocyclone is most likely to be the
right choice for processes where
"lights" are the greater part of the
mixture and where the "heavies" settle
fairly easily.

16. Design of a Hydrocyclone:
 The operating conditions, i.e. the flow
rate of the inlet stream as well as the
bulk density of this stream and
viscosity
 The particle size of solids
 The d50 or cut size and/or the
efficiency of the cyclone

17. Sizing of the hydrocyclone
 There are many different methods that
have been provided by engineers that
are experts in this field. The design
method that was used for this
assignment was given by Zanker

21. End….
thanks a lot.