This document discusses hybrid wireless networks (HWNs) and some of their advantages over traditional wireless networks. It outlines the classification of HWN architectures and some routing protocols that have been proposed for different HWN types. Some key challenges of routing in HWNs are scalability, overhead from the presence of base stations and wired backbones, and high routing overhead. The document proposes looking at overhead and scalability issues for routing in HWNs.

1. Guide : Presented by :
Mr.K.Muralisankar S.Aakasham
13MCSE01
PG Scholar

2. Outline
 Introduction of HWN
 Why hybrid wireless network
 Advantages
 Classification of Architecture
 Challenges in HWN
 Routing protocols
 Challenges in Routing
 Proposed system
 Conclusion
 Reference
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3. Introduction of HWN
 Hybrid wireless networks that integrate MANETs and
infrastructure wireless networks have proven to be a
better network structure for the next generation
networks.
 It can act Base station and Ad hoc according to the
environment conditions
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5. Why hybrid wireless network
 Wireless network is two different types
 Base station oriented wireless network (BS)
 Ad hoc wireless network (Ad Hoc)
 Both have some challenges
 Capacity (Ad hoc)
 Handoff (BS)
 Bandwidth (Ad hoc )
 BS failure ( BS)
 Weak connection (Ad hoc)
 HWN introduced for overcome those challenges
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6. Advantages
 More Reliable
 Better Performance
 High Scalability
 Load Balancing
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7. Classification of Architecture
Hybrid
Architectures
Host-cum- Relay
Stations
Dedicated Relay
Stations
Multi
mode
Single
mode
Multi
mode
Single
mode
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8. Host-cum-relay stations
 The dedicated relay stations do not originate data traffic on
their own and assist in forwarding for the sender.
 Single-Mode Systems
 MHs operate only multi-hop mode.
 E.g. Multi hop Cellular Network (MCN)
 Multi-Mode Systems
 The mobile hosts act either in single-hop mode or in multi-hop
mode depending on the architecture.
 E.g. Directional throughput-enhanced Wireless in Local Loop
(DWiLL)
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9. Dedicated relay stations
 Dedicated relay stations are used for relaying data
traffic
 Single-mode systems
 E.g. Self-Organizing Packet Radio Ad hoc Network Overlay
(SOPRANO)
 Multi-mode systems
 E.g. integrated Cellular and Ad hoc Relay system (iCAR)
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10. Routing protocols
 Base-Assisted Ad Hoc Routing protocol (BAAR)
 It was propose for the Multi Hop Cellular Network
(MCN) architecture
 It efficiently makes use of the BS for Routing
 Base-Driven Multi Hop Bridging Routing protocol
(BMBP)
 It was proposed for the Multi Hop Wireless LANs
(MWLANs)
 AP compute the routing table is called bridging table
 It includes next hop node & hop count
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11. Routing protocols (cont.. )
 SMCN Routing protocol (SMRP)
 It was proposed for Single Interface Multi Hop cellular
Network (SMCN) architecture
 It provide mechanisms for routing both control and data
packet through multiple hops
 DWiLL Routing protocol (DRP)
 It was proposed for the Directional Throughput –
enhanced Wireless in Local Loop (DWiLL)
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12. Challenges in Routing
 Presence of Base Station
 Presence of High speed wired back bone
 High routing over head
 Scalability
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13. Conclusion
 Hybrid wireless networks have proven to be a better
network structure for the next generation networks.
 However, little effort has been devoted to supporting
QoS routing in hybrid networks
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14. Proposed system
 Over head
 Scalability
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15. Reference
 H. Wu and X. Jia, “QoS Multicast Routing by Using
Multiple Paths/Trees in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks,”
Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 5, pp. 600-612, 2009.
 I. Jawhar and J. Wu, “Quality of Service Routing in
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks,” Network Theory and
Applications, Springer, 2004.
 X. Du, “QoS Routing Based on Multi-Class Nodes for
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks,” Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 2,
pp. 241-254, 2004.
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