The Human Genome Project was a large, international collaborative project launched in 1990 with the main goal of determining the complete DNA sequence of human genes. It involved research groups from six countries and sought to map all human genes to further the study of genetic diseases. By 2003, the project had completed mapping over 99% of the human genome, finding that while genomes are over 99.9% identical, small differences of 0.1% can impact traits and disease susceptibility. The project provided tremendous medical implications, including enabling identification of disease genes and advancing fields like gene therapy and pharmacogenomics.

1. HUMAN GENOME
PROJECT
PRESENTED BY:
Mr. Dinabandhu Barad
MSC TUTOR, SNC, SOA DTU

2. Human Genome Project (HGP)
• It remains the world's largest collaborative biological project.
• Planning started after the idea was picked up in 1984 by the US government,
the project formally launched in 1990, and was declared complete on April 14,
2003

3. Human Genome Project (HGP)
• HGP is a large multicentric, international collaborative project , the main
aim of which is to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human
nuclear genome.
• The HGP was an international research groups from six countries- USA,
UK, France, Germany, Japan and China, & several laboratories and a large
no. of scientists and technicians from various disciplines.

4. This collaborative venture was named as International Human Genome
Sequencing Consortium (IHGSC).
The main objectives set out early in history of the project include:
1. To obtain complete sequence of pooled DNA extracted from cells
donated by several anonymous donors, so as to determine the
sequence of DNA in each chromosome.
2. To construct genetic map for facilitating genetic linkage studies.
3. To discover all human genes to allow further study of human genetic
diseases.
4. To develop simplified and automated technology for DNA sequencing
process.
Human Genome Project (HGP)

5. Any two human genomes are approximately 99.9% identical in sequence.
The apparently insignificant difference of 0.1% has a highly significant effect on
personality, behaviour, intelligence, disease susceptibility and other traits.
Human Genome Project (HGP)

6. MEDICAL IMPLICATIONS
• The medical implications of the huge amount of genetic information
obtained from the HGP are tremendous
• It would serve as resource for identification of the human disease gene.
• For example the oncogenic sequence changes in cancer cells can be directly
identified by comparing cancer genome sequences against draft genome.

7. • Advancement in biotechnology with regard to development of useful genes
would expand the scope of gene therapy and open new ways of combating
disease.
• It may even initiate new fields such as pharmacogenomics which would
individualized therapies depending on genetic make up of the patient
MEDICAL IMPLICATIONS

8. APPLICATIONS OF HGP
1. Identification of human genes and their functions.
2. Understanding of polygenic disorders e.g. cancer,
hypertension, diabetes.
3. Improvements in gene therapy
4. Improved diagnosis of diseases
5. Development of pharmacogenesis.

9. 6. Genetic basis of psychiatric disorders.
7. Understanding of complex social trait.
8. Improved knowledge on mutations.
9. Better understanding of developmental biology.
10. Development of biotechnology.

10. THANK YOU