Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_power_transmission_distribution_-_ee2541
•Download as DOC, PDF•
0 likes•13 views
This document contains questions for an exam on power transmission and distribution. It includes questions that cover topics such as: - Secondary transmission systems using 3-phase AC wires - The effects of sag on overhead transmission line tension - Types of damage to insulators from breakdowns - Models for analyzing medium transmission lines, including the T-model and Pi-model - Factors that affect corona in overhead transmission lines such as conductor spacing and surface irregularities - Methods for improving the efficiency of insulator strings in transmission systems - Calculating the sag of an overhead transmission line given properties of the conductor and ice coating
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Roll No.__________________ 28 August, 2016
Power Transmission & Distribution - EE254 - Spring-2016 Page 1 of 2
NOTE: Question No. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from the rest. All questions carry equal
marks. Phones and other Electronic Gadgets are not allowed. Draw a neat and clean diagram where
necessary.
Q.1 Marks (14)
1. Secondary transmission is done by 3-phase ...............wire a.c. system
2. If sag in an overhead line increases, tension in the line ...............
3. When an insulator breaks down by puncture, it is ................ damaged. (permanently, only partially)
4. In any transmission line, AD − BC =..............................
5. Transposition of a 3-phase transmission line helps in ................ .
6. The main consideration in the design of a feeder is the...........[Current carrying capacity, voltage drop]
7. The interconnected system ............. the reserve capacity of the systems. (increases, decreases)
Q.2 (a) List different types of insulator used in transmission system? Marks (4+4+6)
(b) What are the different types of tower used in Transmission System?
(c) Describe Ferranti effects? What will happen if 500kV is lightly loaded?
Q.3 (a) Draw the T-Model and Pi Model of the Medium Transmission Line? Marks (5+9)
(b) A single phase overhead transmission line delivers 1 MW at 11 kV at 0.89 p.f. lagging. The total
resistance and inductive reactance of the line are 1.8 Ω and 111.55 Ω respectively. Determine: (i) sending
end voltage (ii) sending end power factor and (iii) transmission efficiency.
Q.4 The conductors of 500 kV, 50Hz three phase overhead transmission line are arranged in equilateral
triangle fashion with spacing between phases conductor is 8m. If overall diameter of each conductor is
8cm with surface irregularity factor of 0.9 for both Audio and Visual Corona. Assume that air pressure is
65 cm of Hg and temperature of 100C. Find:
a) Rms value of critical Disruptive voltage. b. Rms value of Visual critical disruptive voltage.
c) Total power loss due to corona if length of the conductor is 500km. Marks (4+4+6)
Q.5 In a 33 kV overhead line, there are three units in the string of insulators. If the capacitance between each
insulator pin and earth is 10% of self-capacitance of each insulator, find (i) the distribution of voltage
over 3 insulators and (ii) string efficiency. What are the different methods used for improving string
Efficiency (Write name only) and mention which method is practically applied in transmission system.
Marks (6+4+4)
Q.6 A transmission line has a span of 190 m between level supports. The conductor has a cross-sectional area
of 2 cm2. The tension in the conductor is 2200 kg. If the specific gravity of the conductor material is 9.9
gm/cm3 and ice coating of 0.11cm thickness on the conductor. Calculate the sag. Take the Density of ice
0.91gm/cm3. Marks (14)
Paper : Power Transmission & Distribution - EE254
Time Allowed : 3 hours
Examination: Final, Spring-2016
Total Marks: 70, Passing Marks (35)
Sarhad University, Peshawar
(Distance Education)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/httpswww-201010055416/85/Https-_www-suit-edu-pk_uploads_past_papers_power_transmission_distribution_-_ee2541-1-320.jpg)
Recommended
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_power_transmission_distribution_-...
This document contains a note for an exam on power transmission and distribution. It lists 7 compulsory questions covering topics like distribution systems, power factor, cable insulation, transmission line regulation and faults. It also provides 6 other questions on transmission line modeling, efficiency calculations, disruptive critical voltage, string efficiency, sag calculation, skin effect and short notes on HVAC vs HVDC systems, high transmission voltages, and corona. The exam is worth 70 marks total and students must answer question 1 and 4 other questions of their choosing. Electronic devices are prohibited during the exam.
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_power_transmission_distribution_-...
This document contains an exam for a Power Transmission & Distribution course. It lists 7 questions, with the first question being compulsory and students to attempt 4 others. Question 1 has multiple parts asking about primary transmission systems, effects of conductor spacing and length on transmission lines. Other questions ask about insulators, Ferranti effects, calculating critical disruptive voltages and power losses for a transmission line, transmission line constants, and sag in conductors. The document provides context that it is for an exam in Fall 2016 and provides instructions not to use phones or electronics during the exam.
Electric power in ships section 8 underground cable
1. The document discusses underground cables, including their resistance, capacitance, and stress characteristics. Formulas are provided to calculate resistance, capacitance, charging current, total charging kVAR, and maximum and minimum electric field stress.
2. Examples are given to calculate the insulation resistance and capacitance of a single-core cable, determine insulation thickness based on given resistance, and analyze characteristics of a 33kV, 50Hz, 3-phase underground cable including resistance, capacitance, charging current, total kVAR, and maximum/minimum stress.
CMOS, FET Amplifier
This document discusses FET amplifiers and biasing. It begins with an introduction to CMOS transistors and how they reduce power dissipation compared to other technologies. It then describes common source and common drain amplifier configurations, which are analogous to bipolar CE and CC amplifiers. The document provides equations for small signal analysis of these FET amplifiers. Finally, it briefly introduces FET biasing and factors that influence selection of an operating point such as output swing, distortion, power, gain, and current drift.
Parametros linea de transmision
This document specifies the electrical characteristics needed for a transmission line to supply power from a 250 MW power plant located 150 km from an urban center. It recommends:
1. Using a 230 kV single circuit transmission line with 2 conductors per phase made of aluminum with steel core (ACSR) like the Drake conductor.
2. Calculations show the line would have a resistance of 6.003 ohms and inductive reactance of 52.08 ohms per phase.
3. The capacitive reactance is calculated to be 1431.89 ohms.
Chapter 10 balanced faults analysis
This document discusses balanced three-phase fault analysis on a simple three-bus power system. It provides the following key details:
1) It introduces balanced three-phase faults and explains how to analyze them by representing the system using a Thevenin's equivalent circuit and calculating the fault current as the voltage divided by the sum of the Thevenin and fault impedances.
2) For a balanced three-phase fault on Bus 3, it calculates the fault current, bus voltages during the fault, and line currents using the described method, obtaining a fault current of -j2.0 per unit.
3) It begins discussing a fault on Bus 2, explaining how to obtain the Thevenin's
151305 160804-electrical machine design
This document contains questions for an exam on electrical machine design. It includes multiple questions related to topics like heating time constants, armature mmf calculations, cooling methods for transformers, transformer core and yoke dimensions, factors affecting sizes of rotating machines, airgap choices for induction motors, and limits on electrical machine design. The document provides information to assist students in answering questions on their exam over electrical machine design.
Electrical Wire Model
This document discusses different electrical wire models used to analyze circuit behavior. It begins by introducing lumped models that simplify distributed parasitic elements into single circuit components. A common lumped model is the RC model, which approximates a wire's distributed resistance and capacitance. For long wires, a distributed RC model more accurately captures the wire's continuous resistance and capacitance per unit length. The document concludes by comparing lumped and distributed RC wire models.
Recommended
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_power_transmission_distribution_-...
This document contains a note for an exam on power transmission and distribution. It lists 7 compulsory questions covering topics like distribution systems, power factor, cable insulation, transmission line regulation and faults. It also provides 6 other questions on transmission line modeling, efficiency calculations, disruptive critical voltage, string efficiency, sag calculation, skin effect and short notes on HVAC vs HVDC systems, high transmission voltages, and corona. The exam is worth 70 marks total and students must answer question 1 and 4 other questions of their choosing. Electronic devices are prohibited during the exam.
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_power_transmission_distribution_-...
This document contains an exam for a Power Transmission & Distribution course. It lists 7 questions, with the first question being compulsory and students to attempt 4 others. Question 1 has multiple parts asking about primary transmission systems, effects of conductor spacing and length on transmission lines. Other questions ask about insulators, Ferranti effects, calculating critical disruptive voltages and power losses for a transmission line, transmission line constants, and sag in conductors. The document provides context that it is for an exam in Fall 2016 and provides instructions not to use phones or electronics during the exam.
Electric power in ships section 8 underground cable
1. The document discusses underground cables, including their resistance, capacitance, and stress characteristics. Formulas are provided to calculate resistance, capacitance, charging current, total charging kVAR, and maximum and minimum electric field stress.
2. Examples are given to calculate the insulation resistance and capacitance of a single-core cable, determine insulation thickness based on given resistance, and analyze characteristics of a 33kV, 50Hz, 3-phase underground cable including resistance, capacitance, charging current, total kVAR, and maximum/minimum stress.
CMOS, FET Amplifier
This document discusses FET amplifiers and biasing. It begins with an introduction to CMOS transistors and how they reduce power dissipation compared to other technologies. It then describes common source and common drain amplifier configurations, which are analogous to bipolar CE and CC amplifiers. The document provides equations for small signal analysis of these FET amplifiers. Finally, it briefly introduces FET biasing and factors that influence selection of an operating point such as output swing, distortion, power, gain, and current drift.
Parametros linea de transmision
This document specifies the electrical characteristics needed for a transmission line to supply power from a 250 MW power plant located 150 km from an urban center. It recommends:
1. Using a 230 kV single circuit transmission line with 2 conductors per phase made of aluminum with steel core (ACSR) like the Drake conductor.
2. Calculations show the line would have a resistance of 6.003 ohms and inductive reactance of 52.08 ohms per phase.
3. The capacitive reactance is calculated to be 1431.89 ohms.
Chapter 10 balanced faults analysis
This document discusses balanced three-phase fault analysis on a simple three-bus power system. It provides the following key details:
1) It introduces balanced three-phase faults and explains how to analyze them by representing the system using a Thevenin's equivalent circuit and calculating the fault current as the voltage divided by the sum of the Thevenin and fault impedances.
2) For a balanced three-phase fault on Bus 3, it calculates the fault current, bus voltages during the fault, and line currents using the described method, obtaining a fault current of -j2.0 per unit.
3) It begins discussing a fault on Bus 2, explaining how to obtain the Thevenin's
151305 160804-electrical machine design
This document contains questions for an exam on electrical machine design. It includes multiple questions related to topics like heating time constants, armature mmf calculations, cooling methods for transformers, transformer core and yoke dimensions, factors affecting sizes of rotating machines, airgap choices for induction motors, and limits on electrical machine design. The document provides information to assist students in answering questions on their exam over electrical machine design.
Electrical Wire Model
This document discusses different electrical wire models used to analyze circuit behavior. It begins by introducing lumped models that simplify distributed parasitic elements into single circuit components. A common lumped model is the RC model, which approximates a wire's distributed resistance and capacitance. For long wires, a distributed RC model more accurately captures the wire's continuous resistance and capacitance per unit length. The document concludes by comparing lumped and distributed RC wire models.
EEE 4
The document is a study guide containing questions and problems related to electrical engineering topics like single-phase and three-phase AC circuits. Some key points covered include:
- The advantages of three-phase systems over single-phase, such as using less material for the same power output.
- Calculating values like impedance, current, power, and power factor in RLC circuits connected to AC power sources.
- Analyzing phasor diagrams for series RLC circuits.
- Determining line and phase voltages and currents in wye-delta and delta-wye connected three-phase systems.
EEE 3
This document contains a set of practice problems related to sinusoidal signals, phasors, and AC power analysis. It begins with definitions of terms like sinusoids, phasors, resistance, inductance, capacitance, and impedance. It then presents 35 problems involving concepts like phasor representations of signals, phase relationships between voltage and current in different circuit elements, power calculations, RMS values, and power factors. The document spans 24 pages and provides the questions, blank spaces for solutions, and sometimes diagrams related to circuit analysis.
Eet3082 binod kumar sahu lecturer_07
- The document provides the solution to a numerical problem involving calculating induced electromotive force (EMF) in a 3-phase alternator with a short pitched and distributed winding.
- The problem involves calculating the line and phase values of EMF generated based on machine specifications such as number of slots, poles, conductors, coil span, speed, and flux distribution.
- The solution shows the calculation of EMF considering the fundamental, third, fifth and seventh harmonics in the flux distribution. The final RMS phase and line voltages accounting for all harmonics are provided.
Anexo iv calculo de sistema de puesta a tierra
This document calculates the grounding system for an electrical installation using the Dwight method. It provides calculations for both the horizontal and vertical components of the mesh grounding system. For the horizontal component, it calculates the resistance of the mesh, mutual interference resistance, conductor resistance, and total conductor resistance. Similarly, it performs these same calculations for the vertical component. It then calculates the total resistance of the grounding system mesh and notes that in practice the geometric layout would need to adapt to the terrain.
EEE 1
This document contains a series of questions and problems related to basic electrical concepts such as charge, current, voltage, power, energy, Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's laws, and resistor networks. The questions cover topics like calculating charge, current, power, and energy in circuits; applying Kirchhoff's laws to determine voltages and currents; analyzing series and parallel resistor networks; and using techniques like star-delta transformations. Solutions are provided for some of the example circuit analysis problems. The document appears to be from a textbook or class on basic electrical and electronic engineering concepts.
R05010203 E L E C T R I C A L C I R C U I T S
This document contains an examination for an Electrical Circuits course. It consists of 8 questions covering various topics in electrical circuits, including ideal and practical sources, active and passive elements, network analysis techniques like source transformations, and three-phase systems. Students are required to answer any 5 of the 8 questions in the allotted 3 hours.
PERFORMANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES:
Generalized network constants and equivalent circuits of short, medium, long transmission line. Line performance: regulation and efficiency, Ferranti effect.
Tutorial no. 7
The document discusses transmission lines and provides examples of calculating characteristic impedance, propagation constant, velocity of propagation, input impedance, reflection coefficient, standing wave ratio, and more for various transmission line scenarios. It also includes examples using the Smith chart to analyze transmission lines terminated with different loads.
EEE 7
This document provides information about electrical generators and DC motors. It discusses:
1. The principle of electrical generators, which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy by inducing voltage in conductors moving through a magnetic field according to Faraday's law of induction.
2. Key parts of generators including a magnetic field and conductors that move to cut the magnetic flux.
3. Types of DC generators including separately excited, shunt wound, series wound, and compound wound generators and their characteristics.
4. The principle of DC motors, which convert electrical energy into mechanical energy by applying a current to a conductor in a magnetic field, producing motion. DC motors can function interchangeably as motors or generators.
5
SET
This document discusses the design and implementation of configurable logic blocks (CLBs) using single-electron transistor (SET) based quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology. It first provides background on SETs and QCA. It then describes simulating basic logic gates like inverters and NOR/NAND gates using SETs. Finally, it details the implementation of a 2-input lookup table (LUT), the basic unit of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), using QCA. The LUT design uses a multiplexer, demultiplexer, and static random access memory (SRAM) cells. While promising for ultra-low power electronics, SET/QCA technologies still need improvements
Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Capacitors
The document summarizes the metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitor, which is useful for studying semiconductor surfaces. An ideal MIS capacitor has no interface traps or oxide charges. Under different biases, the semiconductor's energy bands can accumulate, deplete or invert majority carriers at the surface. The surface potential and space charge relation determine capacitance-voltage characteristics. MIS junctions were used to make simplified, passivated silicon solar cells by selectively inverting the semiconductor with a nanowire network top contact.
Cntl model paper
This document contains model paper questions for a 5th semester electronics and communication engineering course covering topics like networks, filters, transmission lines, and matching. Some key topics covered include:
1. Lattice and bridge T networks, symmetrical T networks, and reducing complex networks.
2. Image impedance, characteristic impedance, propagation constant, and symmetrical T-networks.
3. Attenuators, symmetrical T attenuators, and resistive attenuators.
4. Constant-k high pass filters, limitations of constant-k prototypes, and M-derived band pass filters.
5. Reflection coefficient, VSWR, transmission lines, skin effect, and matching using stubs and Smith charts.
Lecture 8
This document provides an overview of transformers and per unit analysis in power systems. Key points include:
1) Transformers are used to transfer power between different voltage levels in power systems. An ideal transformer model and a more accurate model accounting for losses and leakage flux are described.
2) Per unit analysis is introduced as a method to normalize variables across different voltage bases. All values are expressed relative to selected system base values.
3) Examples of per unit analysis are provided for both single phase and three phase systems, showing how quantities can be converted between per unit and actual values.
High frequency modeling
This document describes two case studies on cable connections in low voltage underground power cable systems. Case 1 simulates an oil-impregnated paper cable and analyzes the effects of interconnecting different cable types. It examines the cable's modal characteristic impedances and propagation coefficients. Case 2 simulates partial discharges at a substation involving interconnected and branching cables connected in parallel. Network equations are provided to model the cable connections and terminations.
Lecture 14
The document summarizes a lecture on power flow analysis. It provides an example power flow calculation on a 5 bus system, including the bus and line input data, initial mismatches, Jacobian matrix, and solved power flows. It also discusses how power flow is used to ensure reliable system operation and compliance with standards by evaluating contingencies like loss of transmission lines.
media tiga dimensi
This document discusses series combinations of electrical circuits and provides instructions for building a series circuit. It defines a series combination as one where the current divides between components arranged in parallel or series. It provides an equation to calculate total resistance of resistors in series and equations to determine voltage across individual elements. It lists materials needed like lamps, batteries, cables, and switches. It provides steps to build the circuit, including connecting multiple lamps in series to the battery using isolating cable and switches.
Lecture 7
This document discusses transmission line models used in power system analysis. It begins with an overview of the distributed parameter model that represents an infinitesimal length of transmission line using series impedance and shunt admittance. It then derives the telegrapher's equations and uses them to develop a single second-order differential equation for the voltage along the line. The document presents solutions for this equation that allow determining the voltage and current at any point on the line given conditions at one end. It introduces transmission line parameters including characteristic impedance and propagation constant and shows how they relate the sending and receiving end quantities. Equivalent lumped-parameter π models are also derived in terms of the transmission line parameters. Finally, it discusses short
Lecture 3
This document provides an overview and summary of key concepts from a lecture on three-phase power system operations and analysis:
1) It introduces the per-phase analysis method which allows analysis of a balanced three-phase system as if it were a single phase by representing loads and sources as wye-connected equivalents and assuming phases are decoupled.
2) It provides an example of using the per-phase analysis method to solve a circuit and determine real and reactive power flows between generators supplying a delta-connected load.
3) It discusses basic power system components and operations including generation, load, transmission, distribution of power, and the goal of maintaining real and reactive power balance at all buses.
Lecture 2
This document provides an overview of complex power in electrical systems. It defines phasor representation using complex exponentials to simplify analysis of constant frequency AC circuits. It describes how real and reactive power can be calculated from voltage and current phasors and discusses power factor. The document also discusses reactive compensation using capacitors to improve power factor by supplying reactive power locally. It provides an example of power factor correction and introduces balanced three-phase power systems with both wye and delta connections.
Question bank on t & d
This document contains 19 questions related to transmission lines and distribution. The questions cover topics such as the properties of line supports, types of supporting poles, objections to wooden poles, the purpose and properties of insulators, types of insulators and their advantages/disadvantages, how electrical breakdown can occur in insulators, what a strain insulator is and where it is used, reasons for unequal potential distribution over insulator strings, definitions and explanations of string efficiency, how the highest voltage occurs on the disc nearest the conductor in a string, methods to improve string efficiency, what corona is and factors affecting it, advantages and disadvantages of corona, terms related to corona such as critical disruptive voltage and visual critical voltage, classification and discussion of
De icing of high voltage lines
1) The document presents the results of tests on a new method for de-icing high voltage transmission lines after severe ice storms. The method involves circulating a short-circuit current at the rated voltage of the lines to create electromagnetic forces that cause the conductors to knock against each other and dislodge ice.
2) Tests were conducted on sample overhead transmission lines with twin conductors (315 kV) and quad conductors (735 kV) installed at a high-power laboratory. The impacts on power system stability and power quality are also examined.
3) The test results show that the new de-icing method was effective in removing ice from conductors. For twin conductors, 30-70%
EVALUATION OF RADIATED EMISSIONS FROM PCB AND CABLES AT POST-LAYOUT LEVEL
This document presents a study evaluating methods to predict radiated emissions from printed circuit boards (PCBs) and attached cables at the design stage. It tests models of the radiated emissions of simple two-layer PCBs with and without an attached cable by comparing simulations to measurements. For PCBs alone, a model using Hertzian dipoles accurately predicts differential mode emissions. A more accurate model is then presented which considers both differential and common mode emissions, where common mode radiation is caused by ground noise on the PCB. The document finds that accounting for this ground noise is important when a cable is attached to the PCB, as the cable can be excited by this common mode signal. Improving the models to predict emissions earlier
More Related Content
What's hot
EEE 4
The document is a study guide containing questions and problems related to electrical engineering topics like single-phase and three-phase AC circuits. Some key points covered include:
- The advantages of three-phase systems over single-phase, such as using less material for the same power output.
- Calculating values like impedance, current, power, and power factor in RLC circuits connected to AC power sources.
- Analyzing phasor diagrams for series RLC circuits.
- Determining line and phase voltages and currents in wye-delta and delta-wye connected three-phase systems.
EEE 3
This document contains a set of practice problems related to sinusoidal signals, phasors, and AC power analysis. It begins with definitions of terms like sinusoids, phasors, resistance, inductance, capacitance, and impedance. It then presents 35 problems involving concepts like phasor representations of signals, phase relationships between voltage and current in different circuit elements, power calculations, RMS values, and power factors. The document spans 24 pages and provides the questions, blank spaces for solutions, and sometimes diagrams related to circuit analysis.
Eet3082 binod kumar sahu lecturer_07
- The document provides the solution to a numerical problem involving calculating induced electromotive force (EMF) in a 3-phase alternator with a short pitched and distributed winding.
- The problem involves calculating the line and phase values of EMF generated based on machine specifications such as number of slots, poles, conductors, coil span, speed, and flux distribution.
- The solution shows the calculation of EMF considering the fundamental, third, fifth and seventh harmonics in the flux distribution. The final RMS phase and line voltages accounting for all harmonics are provided.
Anexo iv calculo de sistema de puesta a tierra
This document calculates the grounding system for an electrical installation using the Dwight method. It provides calculations for both the horizontal and vertical components of the mesh grounding system. For the horizontal component, it calculates the resistance of the mesh, mutual interference resistance, conductor resistance, and total conductor resistance. Similarly, it performs these same calculations for the vertical component. It then calculates the total resistance of the grounding system mesh and notes that in practice the geometric layout would need to adapt to the terrain.
EEE 1
This document contains a series of questions and problems related to basic electrical concepts such as charge, current, voltage, power, energy, Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's laws, and resistor networks. The questions cover topics like calculating charge, current, power, and energy in circuits; applying Kirchhoff's laws to determine voltages and currents; analyzing series and parallel resistor networks; and using techniques like star-delta transformations. Solutions are provided for some of the example circuit analysis problems. The document appears to be from a textbook or class on basic electrical and electronic engineering concepts.
R05010203 E L E C T R I C A L C I R C U I T S
This document contains an examination for an Electrical Circuits course. It consists of 8 questions covering various topics in electrical circuits, including ideal and practical sources, active and passive elements, network analysis techniques like source transformations, and three-phase systems. Students are required to answer any 5 of the 8 questions in the allotted 3 hours.
PERFORMANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES:
Generalized network constants and equivalent circuits of short, medium, long transmission line. Line performance: regulation and efficiency, Ferranti effect.
Tutorial no. 7
The document discusses transmission lines and provides examples of calculating characteristic impedance, propagation constant, velocity of propagation, input impedance, reflection coefficient, standing wave ratio, and more for various transmission line scenarios. It also includes examples using the Smith chart to analyze transmission lines terminated with different loads.
EEE 7
This document provides information about electrical generators and DC motors. It discusses:
1. The principle of electrical generators, which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy by inducing voltage in conductors moving through a magnetic field according to Faraday's law of induction.
2. Key parts of generators including a magnetic field and conductors that move to cut the magnetic flux.
3. Types of DC generators including separately excited, shunt wound, series wound, and compound wound generators and their characteristics.
4. The principle of DC motors, which convert electrical energy into mechanical energy by applying a current to a conductor in a magnetic field, producing motion. DC motors can function interchangeably as motors or generators.
5
SET
This document discusses the design and implementation of configurable logic blocks (CLBs) using single-electron transistor (SET) based quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology. It first provides background on SETs and QCA. It then describes simulating basic logic gates like inverters and NOR/NAND gates using SETs. Finally, it details the implementation of a 2-input lookup table (LUT), the basic unit of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), using QCA. The LUT design uses a multiplexer, demultiplexer, and static random access memory (SRAM) cells. While promising for ultra-low power electronics, SET/QCA technologies still need improvements
Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Capacitors
The document summarizes the metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitor, which is useful for studying semiconductor surfaces. An ideal MIS capacitor has no interface traps or oxide charges. Under different biases, the semiconductor's energy bands can accumulate, deplete or invert majority carriers at the surface. The surface potential and space charge relation determine capacitance-voltage characteristics. MIS junctions were used to make simplified, passivated silicon solar cells by selectively inverting the semiconductor with a nanowire network top contact.
Cntl model paper
This document contains model paper questions for a 5th semester electronics and communication engineering course covering topics like networks, filters, transmission lines, and matching. Some key topics covered include:
1. Lattice and bridge T networks, symmetrical T networks, and reducing complex networks.
2. Image impedance, characteristic impedance, propagation constant, and symmetrical T-networks.
3. Attenuators, symmetrical T attenuators, and resistive attenuators.
4. Constant-k high pass filters, limitations of constant-k prototypes, and M-derived band pass filters.
5. Reflection coefficient, VSWR, transmission lines, skin effect, and matching using stubs and Smith charts.
Lecture 8
This document provides an overview of transformers and per unit analysis in power systems. Key points include:
1) Transformers are used to transfer power between different voltage levels in power systems. An ideal transformer model and a more accurate model accounting for losses and leakage flux are described.
2) Per unit analysis is introduced as a method to normalize variables across different voltage bases. All values are expressed relative to selected system base values.
3) Examples of per unit analysis are provided for both single phase and three phase systems, showing how quantities can be converted between per unit and actual values.
High frequency modeling
This document describes two case studies on cable connections in low voltage underground power cable systems. Case 1 simulates an oil-impregnated paper cable and analyzes the effects of interconnecting different cable types. It examines the cable's modal characteristic impedances and propagation coefficients. Case 2 simulates partial discharges at a substation involving interconnected and branching cables connected in parallel. Network equations are provided to model the cable connections and terminations.
Lecture 14
The document summarizes a lecture on power flow analysis. It provides an example power flow calculation on a 5 bus system, including the bus and line input data, initial mismatches, Jacobian matrix, and solved power flows. It also discusses how power flow is used to ensure reliable system operation and compliance with standards by evaluating contingencies like loss of transmission lines.
media tiga dimensi
This document discusses series combinations of electrical circuits and provides instructions for building a series circuit. It defines a series combination as one where the current divides between components arranged in parallel or series. It provides an equation to calculate total resistance of resistors in series and equations to determine voltage across individual elements. It lists materials needed like lamps, batteries, cables, and switches. It provides steps to build the circuit, including connecting multiple lamps in series to the battery using isolating cable and switches.
Lecture 7
This document discusses transmission line models used in power system analysis. It begins with an overview of the distributed parameter model that represents an infinitesimal length of transmission line using series impedance and shunt admittance. It then derives the telegrapher's equations and uses them to develop a single second-order differential equation for the voltage along the line. The document presents solutions for this equation that allow determining the voltage and current at any point on the line given conditions at one end. It introduces transmission line parameters including characteristic impedance and propagation constant and shows how they relate the sending and receiving end quantities. Equivalent lumped-parameter π models are also derived in terms of the transmission line parameters. Finally, it discusses short
Lecture 3
This document provides an overview and summary of key concepts from a lecture on three-phase power system operations and analysis:
1) It introduces the per-phase analysis method which allows analysis of a balanced three-phase system as if it were a single phase by representing loads and sources as wye-connected equivalents and assuming phases are decoupled.
2) It provides an example of using the per-phase analysis method to solve a circuit and determine real and reactive power flows between generators supplying a delta-connected load.
3) It discusses basic power system components and operations including generation, load, transmission, distribution of power, and the goal of maintaining real and reactive power balance at all buses.
Lecture 2
This document provides an overview of complex power in electrical systems. It defines phasor representation using complex exponentials to simplify analysis of constant frequency AC circuits. It describes how real and reactive power can be calculated from voltage and current phasors and discusses power factor. The document also discusses reactive compensation using capacitors to improve power factor by supplying reactive power locally. It provides an example of power factor correction and introduces balanced three-phase power systems with both wye and delta connections.
What's hot (19)
Similar to Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_power_transmission_distribution_-_ee2541
Question bank on t & d
This document contains 19 questions related to transmission lines and distribution. The questions cover topics such as the properties of line supports, types of supporting poles, objections to wooden poles, the purpose and properties of insulators, types of insulators and their advantages/disadvantages, how electrical breakdown can occur in insulators, what a strain insulator is and where it is used, reasons for unequal potential distribution over insulator strings, definitions and explanations of string efficiency, how the highest voltage occurs on the disc nearest the conductor in a string, methods to improve string efficiency, what corona is and factors affecting it, advantages and disadvantages of corona, terms related to corona such as critical disruptive voltage and visual critical voltage, classification and discussion of
De icing of high voltage lines
1) The document presents the results of tests on a new method for de-icing high voltage transmission lines after severe ice storms. The method involves circulating a short-circuit current at the rated voltage of the lines to create electromagnetic forces that cause the conductors to knock against each other and dislodge ice.
2) Tests were conducted on sample overhead transmission lines with twin conductors (315 kV) and quad conductors (735 kV) installed at a high-power laboratory. The impacts on power system stability and power quality are also examined.
3) The test results show that the new de-icing method was effective in removing ice from conductors. For twin conductors, 30-70%
EVALUATION OF RADIATED EMISSIONS FROM PCB AND CABLES AT POST-LAYOUT LEVEL
This document presents a study evaluating methods to predict radiated emissions from printed circuit boards (PCBs) and attached cables at the design stage. It tests models of the radiated emissions of simple two-layer PCBs with and without an attached cable by comparing simulations to measurements. For PCBs alone, a model using Hertzian dipoles accurately predicts differential mode emissions. A more accurate model is then presented which considers both differential and common mode emissions, where common mode radiation is caused by ground noise on the PCB. The document finds that accounting for this ground noise is important when a cable is attached to the PCB, as the cable can be excited by this common mode signal. Improving the models to predict emissions earlier
numericals_examples.pdf
This document contains questions and partial solutions related to a tutorial on high voltage engineering. It includes questions about calculating line current for a generator, the electric field in a power cable, overvoltages from lightning strikes, breakdown voltages in air gaps, and positions for ground wires to protect transmission lines from lightning. Solutions are provided for some questions, while others only include the question statement. The document covers topics like synchronous generators, cable design, overvoltages, partial discharge and breakdown characteristics in gases.
Ehv line design
This document provides details on the design of a 500kV extra high voltage transmission line that is 600 miles long. It discusses selecting an economic conductor size, calculating line parameters such as resistance, inductance and capacitance, and ensuring safety clearances are met. The selected conductor is a bundle of 3 ACSR conductors with a cross-sectional area of 468 mm2 each. Line losses are calculated to be 51.23 MW, which is 5.123% of the 1000MW transmission capacity. Surge impedance is determined to be 276.6 ohms. Safety clearances are in accordance with National Electrical Safety Code specifications.
Fea of pcb multilayer stack up high voltage planar transformer for aerospace...
High voltage planar transformer is a technology which can replace conventional transformer with its distinct advantages of saturation and cost efficiency. This paper includes, study and solution methods for PCB winding configuration in planar magnetic elements with multilayer
stack up of PCB Cu-tracks, producing High voltage power supply for aerospace application.With finite element analysis (FEA) simulations, different simulation outcomes are discussed for inspecting flux intensity and current density distribution with computing Electric field strength
and Magnetic fields. In principal conclusion of study, complete analysis and some practical design guidelines for
multilayer PCB stack up are discussed in this paper.
Ci33514517
This document discusses different methods for demodulating frequency modulated (FM) signals, including conventional diode detectors and square-law detectors as well as non-conventional energy-based demodulators using the Teager Energy Operator (TEO). It proposes a novel implementation of a diode detector circuit in MATLAB and compares the performance of a single TEO to a dual TEO configuration, finding that the dual TEO has lower total harmonic distortion. Simulation results show that the discussed demodulation methods can successfully recover information from FM signals.
Ci33514517
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Ci33514517
This document discusses different methods for demodulating frequency modulated (FM) signals, including conventional diode detectors and square-law detectors as well as non-conventional energy-based demodulators using the Teager Energy Operator (TEO). It proposes a novel implementation of a diode detector circuit in MATLAB and compares the performance of a single TEO to a dual TEO configuration, finding that the dual TEO has lower total harmonic distortion. Simulation results show that the discussed demodulation methods can successfully extract information from FM signals.
S ag calc
The document discusses various types of losses in power distribution and transmission lines, including technical and non-technical losses. Technical losses are due to heat generated in conductors, transformers, and other equipment. Non-technical or commercial losses are due to issues like power theft, metering inaccuracies, unmetered supply, billing problems, and errors in meter reading. Some ways discussed to reduce losses include converting low voltage lines to high voltage, utilizing feeders at average capacity, replacing old equipment, and implementing energy audits.
22 m. abdel salam--218-232
The International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE) , International Journals Call for papaers: http://www.iiste.org/Journals
nothing
This document contains physics examination papers from 2008-2012 administered by the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) in Delhi, India. It lists the contents which include CBSE examination papers from Delhi and All India in those years, as well as foreign papers. A sample paper from the 2008 Delhi exam is then provided, consisting of 30 multiple choice questions testing concepts in physics.
Physics Sample Paper with General Instruction for Class - 12
Learning 360 brings “Physics sample paper” for CLASS – 12. This document also carries 31 questions with solution of each given question for better understanding of the students. Download for free now; http://www.learning360.net/study_hub/1090-2/
Transient voltage distribution in transformer winding (experimental investiga...
Transient voltage distribution in transformer winding (experimental investiga...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.Transient voltage distribution in transformer winding (experimental investiga...
Abstract In this work, the non-liner voltage distribution in transformer winding is investigated that occurs due switching and lightning. Transformer winding is modeled in the alternative transients program (ATP) version of Electromagnetic transients program (EMTP-RV). EMTP software is used to simulate the very fast transient overvoltage. An experimental setup that consist of , Recurrent surge generator, CRO and transformer winding model has been developed and voltages measured at different point along the transformer winding. Simulation results show good agreement with the experimental result. Index Terms: Very fast transient overvoltages, internal resonance, impulse voltage distribution, disc winding
Cbse class 12 physics sample paper 02 (for 2014)
The document provides a sample physics question paper for Class 12 with 29 questions ranging from 1 to 5 marks. It includes questions from various topics in physics like electromagnetism, optics, modern physics, semiconductor devices, communication systems, and electrical circuits. The paper tests concepts, calculations, principles, diagrams, and applications of concepts across different areas of the physics syllabus. It provides guidelines for time, marks distribution and instructions for answering the questions.
Cbse Class 12 Physics Sample Paper 2010 Model 1
cbse 12 class physics sample paper 2010 model 1 - http://cbse.edurite.com/cbse-sample-papers-2010.html
Design of electrical machines
This document contains past exam questions from the Anna University course EE 2355 Design of Electrical Machines. It includes both short 2-mark questions and longer 16-mark questions on topics like specific electric loading, armature reaction reduction methods, transformer design, DC machine design dimensions, induction motor dimensions, and synchronous machine performance parameters like short circuit ratio. The questions cover the design aspects of transformers, DC machines, induction motors, and synchronous machines.
17417 transmission & distribution of electrical power
This document contains two sample test papers for an electrical engineering diploma course on transmission and distribution of electrical power. The papers contain multiple choice and descriptive questions evaluating student knowledge of topics like primary and secondary transmission voltages in India, conductor properties, insulator failure causes, corona effects, transmission line configurations, distribution systems, substation components and their functions. The questions cover calculations of line voltages, efficiencies, and power factors for transmission and distribution systems.
MOST IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR CURRENT ELECTRICITY CBSE XII BY ATC
This document contains a 30 question physics exam on topics related to current and electricity for Class XII. The exam covers concepts such as superconductors, current, resistance, Ohm's law, circuits, and applications of electricity. Questions involve calculations related to resistors, current, power, and electric cells. Diagrams and derivations of formulas are also assessed. The exam is designed based on the new CBSE board examination pattern for 2013-14.
Similar to Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_power_transmission_distribution_-_ee2541 (20)
EVALUATION OF RADIATED EMISSIONS FROM PCB AND CABLES AT POST-LAYOUT LEVEL
EVALUATION OF RADIATED EMISSIONS FROM PCB AND CABLES AT POST-LAYOUT LEVEL
Fea of pcb multilayer stack up high voltage planar transformer for aerospace...
Fea of pcb multilayer stack up high voltage planar transformer for aerospace...
Physics Sample Paper with General Instruction for Class - 12
Physics Sample Paper with General Instruction for Class - 12
Transient voltage distribution in transformer winding (experimental investiga...
Transient voltage distribution in transformer winding (experimental investiga...
Transient voltage distribution in transformer winding (experimental investiga...
Transient voltage distribution in transformer winding (experimental investiga...
17417 transmission & distribution of electrical power
17417 transmission & distribution of electrical power
MOST IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR CURRENT ELECTRICITY CBSE XII BY ATC
MOST IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR CURRENT ELECTRICITY CBSE XII BY ATC
More from GHSKassKoronaMardan
5 2020 05_06!01_10_30_pm
This document discusses stability analysis in linear control systems. It defines stability as a system's ability to return to equilibrium after a disturbance or remain bounded for a bounded input. The stability of a closed-loop system can be determined by examining the location of its closed-loop poles in the s-plane - if any poles lie in the right half plane, the system is unstable. The Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion provides a test to determine if all poles lie in the left half plane using the signs of coefficients in an array formed from the characteristic equation.
5 2020 04_06!09_40_10_pm
1. Time domain analysis examines how the state of a dynamic system changes over time in response to a specific input. It provides insights into the signal characteristics and time response.
2. The time response of a linear system to an input is represented as a function of time. It has two components: the transient response, which depends on initial conditions, and the steady-state response, which depends on the input.
3. For a first-order system, the time response can be expressed as the sum of the transient response and steady-state response. The transient response decays exponentially, while the steady-state response approaches the final value determined by the input.
Lmaac transmissionand distribution
The document discusses the layout and components of AC power generation, transmission, and distribution systems. It begins with an overview of the general layout, which includes generation at central stations, high voltage transmission via overhead lines, step-down substations, secondary transmission via underground cables or overhead lines, and primary and secondary distribution at lower voltages. It then covers the different types of power systems and network configurations, as well as the various AC distribution systems including single and multi-phase wiring configurations. Finally, it discusses distribution components such as feeders, distributors, and service mains, and compares radial and ring-main distribution layouts.
Graddivcurl1
The document introduces three vector field operators: the gradient, divergence, and curl. The gradient of a scalar field points in the direction of greatest change and represents the directional derivative. The divergence represents the flux generation per unit volume and is a measure of the efflux from an infinitesimal volume. The curl represents the circulation of a vector field around an infinitesimal loop or surface and is related to rotational properties of the field. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating each operator.
Emf unit i
1. Coulomb's law states that the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
2. The electric field intensity is defined as the force per unit charge. The electric field intensity due to a single point charge is calculated using Coulomb's law. For multiple point charges, the total electric field is calculated using the principle of superposition.
3. Continuous charge distributions can also produce electric fields. These include line charge distributions with linear charge density, surface charge distributions with surface charge density, and volume charge distributions with volume charge density. The electric field due to a uniform line charge distribution can be calculated by treating
Corona1 150423103048-conversion-gate02
Corona occurs when the voltage applied across conductors exceeds a critical disruptive voltage. This causes a faint violet glow and produces ozone, power loss, and radio interference. Corona is caused by ionization of air between conductors due to electrons gaining velocity under the influence of the electric field and colliding with air molecules. Factors that affect corona include conductor size and spacing, line voltage, and atmosphere. While corona reduces transient effects and increases conductor diameter, it also causes energy loss and can lead to corrosion. Methods to reduce corona include increasing conductor size and spacing.
Corona topic
Corona occurs when the potential gradient between two conductors exceeds a critical value, causing a faint violet glow. It is accompanied by a hissing sound, ozone production, and power loss. Corona results from ionization of air molecules caused by free electrons accelerated by the potential gradient, and is affected by factors like conductor size/spacing, line voltage, and atmosphere. Larger conductors and greater spacing reduce corona by lowering the surface potential gradient. Critical disruptive voltage is the minimum voltage for corona to occur, calculated based on conductor size and spacing. Visual critical voltage is the minimum for visible corona glow along the entire line.
Armature reaction
This document discusses armature reaction in DC generators and motors. It explains that armature reaction is caused by the magnetic field produced by current flowing through the armature windings, which distorts the main magnetic field produced by the poles. This shifts the magnetically neutral axis and causes brush shift. Compensating windings and interpoles are used to counteract the cross-magnetizing effect of armature reaction and make commutation sparkless. Compensating windings carry current in the opposite direction of the armature below the poles, while interpoles have the same polarity as the leading pole and induce a reversing e.m.f. to help current reversal during commutation.
Inductance and capacitance
This document discusses the key parameters - resistance, inductance, and capacitance - of overhead transmission lines.
It first defines each parameter and explains that they are uniformly distributed along the line. Resistance is opposition to current flow, inductance is flux linkages per ampere, and capacitance is charge per voltage.
It then goes on to provide formulas for calculating the resistance, inductance, and capacitance of different types of transmission lines. It also discusses factors like skin effect that impact the resistance and analyses methods for determining flux linkages to calculate inductance.
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_switchgear_protective_devices_-_b...
This document contains instructions and questions for an exam on switchgear and protective devices. It lists 8 questions, with question 1 being compulsory and students to attempt 4 others. Question 1 asks students to define and draw symbols for various components including circuit breakers, isolators, current transformers, surge arrestors, earthing switches, reactors, and motors. The other questions ask about load shedding and load-frequency control, advantages and disadvantages of SF6 circuit breakers, trip circuits, distinguishing isolators from earthing switches, per unit systems, protective relay components, and short notes on induction disk relays, fault clearing processes, and pilot wires. The exam allows 3 hours and is worth 70 total marks for a final exam in
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_electromagnetic_field_theory_-_ee315
This document contains 7 questions for an electromagnetic field theory exam. The questions cover topics like dot and cross products, Coulomb's law, vector operators, forces between point charges, Biot-Savart law, Kirchhoff's voltage law, electromotive force, Stokes theorem, and magnetic fields. Students are instructed to attempt any 5 questions out of the 7 provided. The exam allows 3 hours and is worth a total of 70 marks for the final spring semester.
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_electric_machines_-_ii_-_elc315
This document contains exam instructions and questions for an Electric Machines II exam. It specifies that question 1 is compulsory and students must attempt 4 additional questions. Question 1 asks students to briefly define 7 terms related to electric machines. The remaining questions ask students to differentiate between open and short circuit tests, discuss reluctance motors and auto transformers with examples, explain synchronous motor characteristics and applications and torque-slip characteristics, discuss voltage regulation importance, and write short notes on two types of motors from a list.
More from GHSKassKoronaMardan (12)
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_switchgear_protective_devices_-_b...
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_switchgear_protective_devices_-_b...
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_electromagnetic_field_theory_-_ee315
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_electromagnetic_field_theory_-_ee315
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_electric_machines_-_ii_-_elc315
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_electric_machines_-_ii_-_elc315
Recently uploaded
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
Bigdata of technology
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
官方认证美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting.pdf
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptx
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
22CYT12-Unit-V-E Waste and its Management.ppt
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
rock mass characterization and New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Computational Engineering IITH Presentation
This Presentation will give you a brief idea about what Computational Engineering at IIT Hyderabad has to offer.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part II
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Recently uploaded (20)
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
basic-wireline-operations-course-mahmoud-f-radwan.pdf
basic-wireline-operations-course-mahmoud-f-radwan.pdf
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptx
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptx
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
Manufacturing Process of molasses based distillery ppt.pptx
Manufacturing Process of molasses based distillery ppt.pptx
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Generative AI leverages algorithms to create various forms of content
Generative AI leverages algorithms to create various forms of content
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part II
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part II
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
BPV-GUI-01-Guide-for-ASME-Review-Teams-(General)-10-10-2023.pdf
BPV-GUI-01-Guide-for-ASME-Review-Teams-(General)-10-10-2023.pdf
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
Https _www.suit.edu.pk_uploads_past_papers_power_transmission_distribution_-_ee2541
- 1. Roll No.__________________ 28 August, 2016 Power Transmission & Distribution - EE254 - Spring-2016 Page 1 of 2 NOTE: Question No. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from the rest. All questions carry equal marks. Phones and other Electronic Gadgets are not allowed. Draw a neat and clean diagram where necessary. Q.1 Marks (14) 1. Secondary transmission is done by 3-phase ...............wire a.c. system 2. If sag in an overhead line increases, tension in the line ............... 3. When an insulator breaks down by puncture, it is ................ damaged. (permanently, only partially) 4. In any transmission line, AD − BC =.............................. 5. Transposition of a 3-phase transmission line helps in ................ . 6. The main consideration in the design of a feeder is the...........[Current carrying capacity, voltage drop] 7. The interconnected system ............. the reserve capacity of the systems. (increases, decreases) Q.2 (a) List different types of insulator used in transmission system? Marks (4+4+6) (b) What are the different types of tower used in Transmission System? (c) Describe Ferranti effects? What will happen if 500kV is lightly loaded? Q.3 (a) Draw the T-Model and Pi Model of the Medium Transmission Line? Marks (5+9) (b) A single phase overhead transmission line delivers 1 MW at 11 kV at 0.89 p.f. lagging. The total resistance and inductive reactance of the line are 1.8 Ω and 111.55 Ω respectively. Determine: (i) sending end voltage (ii) sending end power factor and (iii) transmission efficiency. Q.4 The conductors of 500 kV, 50Hz three phase overhead transmission line are arranged in equilateral triangle fashion with spacing between phases conductor is 8m. If overall diameter of each conductor is 8cm with surface irregularity factor of 0.9 for both Audio and Visual Corona. Assume that air pressure is 65 cm of Hg and temperature of 100C. Find: a) Rms value of critical Disruptive voltage. b. Rms value of Visual critical disruptive voltage. c) Total power loss due to corona if length of the conductor is 500km. Marks (4+4+6) Q.5 In a 33 kV overhead line, there are three units in the string of insulators. If the capacitance between each insulator pin and earth is 10% of self-capacitance of each insulator, find (i) the distribution of voltage over 3 insulators and (ii) string efficiency. What are the different methods used for improving string Efficiency (Write name only) and mention which method is practically applied in transmission system. Marks (6+4+4) Q.6 A transmission line has a span of 190 m between level supports. The conductor has a cross-sectional area of 2 cm2. The tension in the conductor is 2200 kg. If the specific gravity of the conductor material is 9.9 gm/cm3 and ice coating of 0.11cm thickness on the conductor. Calculate the sag. Take the Density of ice 0.91gm/cm3. Marks (14) Paper : Power Transmission & Distribution - EE254 Time Allowed : 3 hours Examination: Final, Spring-2016 Total Marks: 70, Passing Marks (35) Sarhad University, Peshawar (Distance Education)
- 2. Roll No.__________________ 28 August, 2016 Power Transmission & Distribution - EE254 - Spring-2016 Page 2 of 2 Q.7 (a) What is skin effect? Why is it absent in the d.c. system? (b)The three conductors of a 3-phase line are arranged at the corners of a triangle of sides 2 m, 2.5 m and 4.5 m. Calculate the inductance per km and Capacitance per km of the line when the conductors are regularly transposed. The diameter of each conductor is 1.5 cm. Marks (6+8) Q.8 Write Short note on any two of the following: Marks (7,7) a. Main parts of an Underground cable b. Comparison of overhead and underground Transmission system c. Corona and its factors which affect corona.