Wi-Fi hotspots provide wireless Internet access in public locations using wireless access points. A hotspot allows devices like laptops and smartphones to connect to the Internet without cables. Hotspots are increasingly found in places like cafes, airports, hotels and more to provide guest access. Connecting involves having a Wi-Fi adapter, knowing the hotspot's network name, and potentially subscribing to paid services. Both computers and dedicated devices can scan to detect nearby hotspots for connection. While convenient for users, hotspots also provide benefits to businesses in attracting customers and enabling new services.

1. HOTSPOTHOTSPOT

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
What is Hotspot?
History
Uses
How a Wi-Fi network works?
Connecting to a Wi-Fi hotspot
Free Hotspot ( Wi-Fi )
Types
Advantages
Tech facts

3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
 Business model
 Deployment scenarios
 Wi-Fi Architecture
 Wi-Fi Network Elements
 How a Wi-Fi Network Works
 Wi-Fi Configurations
 Applications of Wi-Fi
 Advantages/ Disadvantages of Wi-Fi

4. What is HOTSPOT(WI-FI)?
a. A Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) hotspot is a wireless access
point that provides Internet access to network devices like
laptop or smartphone typically in public locations like
cafes, libraries,airports,hotels. Basically they're places
where you can take your laptop or other mobile device and
wirelessly connect to the Internet Businesses and schools
are increasingly using Wi-Fi hotspots for their internal
(intranet) networks.
b. Wireless Access Points:
A wireless Access Point (AP) is a device that allows wireless
devices to connect to a network using Wi-Fi.

6. History
• Public access wireless local area networks (LANs) were first
proposed by Henrik in August 1993 in San Francisco
Requirements to Use Wi-Fi Hotspots:
• Computers (and other devices) connect to hotspots using a Wi-
Fi network adapter. Newer laptop computers contain built-in
adapters, but most other computers do not. Wi-Fi network
adapters can be purchased and installed separately. Depending
on the type of computer and personal preferences, USB, PC
Card, Express Card, or even PCI card adapters can be used.

7. • Though many are free, some hotspots
require a subscription or service with
a particular mobile provider. if the Wi-
Fi hotspot network is encrypted or
hidden, you would need to get the
security key from the hotspot service
provider to be able to establish the
network connection. Also, before
allowing you to use their Internet
connection, most hotspots will require
you to accept their terms and
conditions
Cont..

8. • Computers can automatically scan for hotspots
within range of their wireless signal. These
scans identify the network name of the
hotspot allowing the computer to initiate a
connection. Instead of using a computer to
find hotspots, some people prefer to use a
separate gadget called a Wi-Fi finder. These
small devices scan for hotspot signals similarly
to computers, and many provide some
indication of signal strength to help pinpoint
their exact location
Finding Wi-Fi Hotspots

9. Connecting to a Wi-Fi hotspot
The process for connecting to a Wi-Fi hotspot
works similarly on home, business and public
wireless networks. With the profile (network
name and encryption settings) applied on the
wireless network adapter, you initiate the
connection from your computer operating
system (or software that was supplied with the
network adapter). Paid or restricted hotspot
services will require you to log in with a user
name and password the first time you access the
Internet.

12. How a Wi-Fi network works?
 Basic concept is same as Walkie talkies.
 A Wi-Fi hotspot is created by installing an access point to
an internet connection.
 An access point acts as a base station.
 When Wi-Fi enabled device encounters a hotspot the
device can then connect to that network wirelessly.
 A single access point can support up to 30 users and can
function within a range of 100 – 150 feet indoors and up to
300 feet outdoors.
 Many access points can be connected to each other via
Ethernet cables to create a single large network.

13. Types
1. Commercial hotspots
2. Software Hotspots
3. Hotspot2.0

14. A. Commercial hotspot
A commercial hotspot may feature:
• A captive portal / login screen that users are redirected to for
authentication and payment
• A payment option using credit card, PayPal, or other payment
service
• Major airports and business hotels are more likely to charge
for service. Most hotels provide free service to guests; and
increasingly, small airports and airline lounges offer free
service.

15. B. Software Hotspot
Many Wi-Fi adapters built into or easily added to consumer
computers include the functionality to operate as hotspots.
Manufacturers can enable this functionality through driver-
level support. Modern consumer operating systems, including
Windows Vista and later and Apple OS X 10.6 and later added
features to support this. Third-party software vendors, offer
applications to allow users to operate their own Hotspot,
whether to share an existing connection or extend the range
of another hotspot.

16. C. Hotspot 2.0
Also known as HS2 and Wi-Fi Certified Pass point, Hotspot
2.0 is a new approach to public access Wi-Fi by the Wi-Fi
Alliance. The idea is for mobile devices to automatically join
a Wi-Fi subscriber service whenever the user enters a
Hotspot 2.0 area. The intention is to provide better
bandwidth and services-on-demand to end-users, whilst also
alleviating mobile carrier infrastructure of traffic overheads.
Hotspot 2.0 is based on the IEEE 802.11u standard, which is a
new set of protocols to enable cellular-like roaming. If the
device supports 802.11u and is subscribed to a Hotspot 2.0
service it will automatically connect and roam.

17. Tech Facts
From the technical perspective, there are two steps in the
authentication process for encrypted access to the WLAN:
"Network Discovery and Selection" and "Authentication".
1.Network Discovery and Selection
2.Authentication
These are based on the certification program "WPA2-
Enterprise" from the Wi-Fi Alliance as supported by all
popular mobile end devices.

19. Business model
• Apart from the advantages it offers for operations and
security, Hotspot 2.0 also opens up new business models:
To reduce the load on the cellular network, providers are
interested in setting up hotspots at strongly frequented
locations with large numbers of clients. The provider
concludes a roaming agreement with a venue such as a
café, department store, airport, or even an enterprise. To
provide a public hotspot, the venue owner receives the
necessary hardware as well as a subscription fee from the
provider. End customers then pay a user fee to their own
(cellular network) provider for using the available
hotspot.

20. Cont.….

21. Deployment scenarios
Example 1:
• Authentication using digital certificates or with username and password
(without a cellular network provider)
• The authentication using digital certificates or with username and password
is especially interesting for mobile clients without SIM cards. In this case,
the authentication method has to be set up one time by the user or
administrator.
• This involves the hotspot provider supplying either a username and password
for storage on the client. After this one-time setup, login to all supported
access points with Hotspot functionality is fully automated and occurs in the
background, just like the method with SIM cards. This method is particularly
attractive for venue owners or enterprises who only grant access to certain
clients, or who do not want to have a roaming contract with a large cellular
network provider.

22. Cont.….
Example 2:
• Authentication using a SIM card (with cellular network
provider) The most convenient method to authenticate
against Hotspot is to use the SIM card in an end device.
The prerequisite for this is a roaming agreement
between the venue owner and one or more cellular
network providers. As soon as a smartphone with a
suitable SIM card is within range of a Hotspot access
point, it is automatically authenticated for hotspot
access - without any action by the user.

23. APPLICATIONS
 Home
 Small Businesses
 Large Corporations & Campuses
 Health Care
 Travellers

24. Wi-Fi Configurations
 Wi-Fi is composed of three main sectors:
 Home (individual residences and apartment
buildings)
 Public (Round about 70,000 “hotspots” through out
the world)
 Enterprise (corporations, universities, office parks)

25. Wi-Fi Configurations

26. CONFIGURATIONS

27. CONFIGURATIONS

29. ADVANTAGES
 Mobility
 Easy of Installation
 Good Flexibility
 Cost
 Reliability
 Security
 Roaming
 Speed is high.

30. Cont.…
• Hot Spot Hosting:
• If you host a Wi-Fi hot spot, you are giving your customers
access to high-speed wireless Internet. This gives you an
edge over competitors who don't offer a hot spot, as you're
providing something extra. This could attract more
customers to your business and increase revenue. You also
have access to a private network that you and your
employees can use for personal and professional purposes.
If you own a cafe or a restaurant, people are likely to
become regular patrons if they know they can access the
Internet there. If you run a hotel, hosting a hot spot will
encourage guests to stay longer as they don't have to rush
back home to check their email. It's easy to advertise the
fact that you host a hot spot, as you can just put a sign in
your window or submit information to a hot spot directory.

31. Cond….
• Using a Hot Spot:
• You can use several portable devices to access the Internet in a hot spot,
including laptops and Wi-Fi phones. Most of these devices are now Wi-Fi
enabled. Using your own device in a hot spot is advantageous because you
have easy access to all your online accounts and bookmarks. The broadband
connection in most hot spots is much faster than that of most cell phones. A
hot spot is a convenient place to check your email for important updates
while you're on the go. Many coffeehouses, bars and restaurants offer hot
spots, meaning you can get something to eat or drink while you go online.
Hot spots in bookstores allow customers to compare the prices of titles or
browse book recommendations online before searching the store for the
most highly recommended titles. Hot spots at airports are convenient
because people can go on the Internet before getting on a long-haul flight
and turning their device off for several hours. If you're staying at a hotel
that has a hot spot, you can use the Internet as if you were at home
without having to go to an Internet cafe
•

32. Cond….
• Free Hot Spots
 Free hot spots are beneficial to Wi-Fi users, not only
because they don't cost anything but also because users
can go directly online without spending time buying
vouchers or working out how much they want to spend.
If you're hosting a hot spot, you can benefit from
making it free to use. A free hot spot is a powerful
marketing tool. If you tell customers they can use the
Internet for free on your premises, you're likely to get
more foot traffic. People will stay longer and buy more
of your products in order to justify their stay or make it
more enjoyable.

33. LIMITATIONS
 Interference
 Degradation in performance
 High power consumption
 Limited range

34. Summary and forecast
• Wi-Fi hotspots are becoming an increasingly common
form of Internet access. Connecting to a hotspot
requires a wireless network adapter, knowledge of the
profile information of that hotspot, and sometimes a
subscription to a paid service. Computers and Wi-Fi
finder gadgets both are capable of scanning the nearby
area for Wi-Fi hotspots, and several online services
allow you find far-away hotspot locations. Whether
using a home, business or public hotspot, the
connection process remains essentially the same.
Likewise, as with any wireless network, security issues
for Wi-Fi hotspots need to be managed.

35. THANK YOU 