Holliday junction Model by kk
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INTRODUCTION TERMENOLOGY SITES OF HOLLIDAY JUNCTION HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION HOLLIDAY MODEL DOUBEL STRAND BREAK MODEL IN PROKAYOTIC RECOMBINATION IN EUKARYOTIC RECOMBINATION SITE SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION SERINE RECOMBINATION TYROSINE RECOMBINATION TRANSPOSITION ILLEGITIMATE RECOMBINATION CONCLUSION REFRENCES
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Holliday junction Model by kk
- 1. HOLLIDAY JUNCTION By KAUSHAL KUMAR SAHU Assistant Professor (Ad Hoc) Department of Biotechnology Govt. Digvijay Autonomous P. G. College Raj-Nandgaon ( C. G. ) HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 2. SYNOPSIS • INTRODUCTION • TERMENOLOGY • SITES OF HOLLIDAY JUNCTION • HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION • HOLLIDAY MODEL • DOUBEL STRAND BREAK MODEL • IN PROKAYOTIC RECOMBINATION • IN EUKARYOTIC RECOMBINATION • SITE SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION • SERINE RECOMBINATION • TYROSINE RECOMBINATION • TRANSPOSITION • ILLEGITIMATE RECOMBINATION • CONCLUSION • REFRENCES HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of DNA. • HOLLIDAY JUNCTION :- a structure which occurs during homologous recombination between homologous chromosomes. While the two chromosomes are side by side, one strand of dna on each chromosome is broken and then attached to the broken strand of dna on the other chromosome. The crossover point, which is called the holliday junction, is able to slide up and down between the two chromosomes, so that a little or a lot of dna can ultimately be switched between them. HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 4. SITES FOR HOLLIDAY JUCTION • Homologous recombination, also called “general recombination”, is by far the most common. It depends on extensive sequence similarity between the participating DNA molecules, on homologous chromosomes. • Site-specific recombination, depends on limited sequence similarity between the recombining DNAs and always involves the same DNA regions, such as λ phage DNA integration or excision in its host DNA. • Transposition recombination, the movement of a DNA element from one locus to another, generally requires little sequence similarity between the recombining DNAs, and it is therefore not site-specific. For examples, IS, Tn elements, Alu, LINE, and SINE sequences. • Illegitimate recombination, the recombination events that have not been identified involving enzymes, host factors, and specific recombining loci or sequences. For examples, viral DNA integration, transfected gene insertion. HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 5. Holliday-------Models for the Homologous Recombination • A simple and historically important model for homologous recombination is the Holliday model. • Although it is now clear that most recombination events involve some new DNA synthesis ---a feature absent from this model --- the Holliday model very well illustrates the DNA strand invasion, branch migration and Holliday junction resolution processes central to homologous recombination. HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 6. DNA strands neat the nick site can then be peeled away from their complementary strands, freeing these strands to invade and ultimately base pair with the homologous duplex. ----Aligned homologous duplexes single stranded breaks in each duplex ----strand invasion HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 7. Holliday junction ----Branch migration A Holliday junction can move along the DNA by the repeated melting and formation of base pairs There are two ways of Holliday junction cleavage HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 8. Two alternative pairs of DNA sites can be cut during resolution. Different cleavage would make the products different. HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 9. DOUBLE STRAND BREAK RECOMBINATION HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 13. STRAND INVATION BY RecA HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 14. RuvAB complexes catalyzes the branch migration HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 15. HOLLIDAY JUCTION RESLOVE BY RuvC HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 16. Homologous Recombination in Eukarytoes Homologous Recombination in Eukarytoes is required for Chromosome Segregation during Meiosis Programmed Generation of the DSBs during Meiosis HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 18. SITE SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 19. SERINE SITE SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION HOLLIDAY JUNCTION
- 20. TYROSIN SITE SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION HOLLIDAY JUNCTION