The document, prepared by Prof. Ashish Makwana, outlines various types of cranes and lifting mechanisms used in construction, including mobile cranes, tower cranes, winches, hoists, and gantry cranes. Each type is described with its functions, components, and applications, highlighting their importance in handling heavy loads and facilitating construction work. The document covers detailed specifications and operational capabilities of each lifting device.

1. Prepared by
Prof. Ashish Makwana
Civil Engineering Dept. - MEFGI
1Prof. Ashish Makwana

2. PRESENTATION
OUTLINE…
• Mobile crane
• Tower crane
• Winch
• Hoist
• Jack
• Shear leg
2Prof. Ashish Makwana

3. 1. Mobile crane:
• Mobile crane is used in big construction projects
for lifting heavy loads.
• It is used for loading and unloading of materials
in coal mines.
• Loading and unloading of ships.
• To take the load from ground level and place it
into the truck. (i.e. skimmer)
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4. Fig. Truck mounted mobile crane
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5. 2. Tower crane:
• These are the cranes of swing jib type and are
mounted on high steel towers.
• The height of tower may be 25 to 30 m and
these cranes are found to be suitable in the
construction of tall buildings in congested area.
• The ground area required for such cranes is
very small.
• Main components: Tower, Support, Boom,
Revolving cabin, Control cabin, Lifting hook,
Counter weight, etc.
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6. Fig. Fixed mast tower craneProf. Ashish Makwana 6

7. Purposes:
• For hoisting concrete and other building
materials,
• For loading and unloading operation.
• To install separate elements.
Types of tower cranes:
• Fixed mast tower crane
• Movable mast tower crane
• Telescopic stationary crane
• Non-telescopic rotating crane
• Telescopic travelling crane
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8. 3. Winch:
• A winch is a mechanism in the shape of a
cylinder, over which rope or chain is wound.
• If a winch is used only for raising and lowering, it
is sometimes referred to as hoist.
• The winches are of two types: Hand winches
and power winches
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9. Hand winches:
• This type of winch is operated by hand.
• It’s capacity is about 1 to 5 tonne.
• Each winch has a brake which is operated by a
wheel or lever.
• Hand winches are more suitable on construction
sites.
Power winches:
• This type of winch is run by power.
• The main parts of this winch are prime mover,
drive, rope barrel, bed plate, etc.
• The prime mover is run by diesel, petrol,
electricity, vapour, etc.
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10. WinchProf. Ashish Makwana 10

11. 4. Hoist:
• It is also called an elevator.
• It is useful for lifting concrete from ground level
to the higher floor in the construction of
multistoried buildings.
• It is suitable for buildings up to 50 stories.
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12. HoistProf. Ashish Makwana 12

13. 5. Power driven scotch derrick crane:
• Standard models have capacity from 3 to 50
tonnes with jib lengths from 20m to 36m.
• These cranes are driven either by a steam
engine or electric motor.
• The maximum load that can be lifted by this
crane is normally handled at a radius equal to 75
% of the jib length.
• The jib length is the distance from the pin at the
bottom of the jib to the pin carrying the hoist
rope sheave at the jib-head.
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14. Power driven scotch derrick crane
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15. 6. Gantry crane:
Main components:
(i) Trolley or crab or Jenny
• Crab moves on wheels on the cross truss
(Crane girder).
• It forms the hoisting mechanism.
• A hook is suspended from the crab which can be
raised or lowered.
(ii) Bridge:
• It consists of two girders (trusses) provided with
wheels at ends which can move on the rails on
the gantry girders.
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16. (iii) Gantry girder
• It is an I-section supported on the brackets
projected from columns.
• A rail section is placed on the gantry girder.
• This type of crane is mainly used in big machine
shops, foundry power houses, ice factories, steel
plants, storage yards, etc.
The main advantages of this crane are:
• Large service area
• Freedom from obstruction on floor
• Independent motion in all directions
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17. Gantry girder
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18. Gantry girderProf. Ashish Makwana 18

19. (iii) Pulley and sheave block
• It is suitable for lifting rough surfaced and heavy
loads.
• Alloy chains and wire ropes are used.
• The load hook is the weakest component of this
system.
• The hook fails by straightening or elongation.
• The hook should be replaced if it gets elongated.
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20. Pulley and sheave block (New)Prof. Ashish Makwana 20

21. Prof. Ashish Makwana 21