Material handling equipment includes conveyors, hoists, cranes, forklifts and bulldozers used to transport materials within manufacturing and construction processes. Conveyors efficiently move heavy and bulky items on production lines. Hoists use pulleys and chains to lift equipment, while cranes use booms and jibs to move loads horizontally and vertically. Forklifts self-load and unload trucks. Bulldozers prepare construction sites by clearing land and leveling earth using their large blades.

1. Material Handling Equipment

2. • Material handling equipment is mechanical equipment used
for the movement, storage, control and protection of materials,
goods and products throughout the process of manufacturing,
distribution, consumption and disposal.

3. “MH is a system designed in order to get the materials. At right
a) place
b) at the right time
c) in the right quantity
d) in good condition
e) at a minimum cost.”

4. Material handling is a systematic and scientific method of
moving, packing and storing of material in appropriate and
suitable location.
The main objectives of material handling are as follows:
• Reduction in costs
• Increase incapacity
• Improved working conditions
• Improved customer service
• Improved productivity
• Reducing material handling labour
• Better utilization of space
• Reducing in-process storage
• Reducing expenditure on the packaging and other protective

5. Conveying Equipments

6. Conveying equipments
• A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical
handling equipment that moves materials from one location to
another.
• Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving the
transportation of heavy or bulky materials.
• Conveyor systems allow quick and efficient transportation for
a wide variety of materials, which make them very popular in
the material handling and packaging industries.
Definition: A horizontal, inclined, or vertical device for
moving or transporting bulk material, packages, or objects, in
a path predetermined by the design of the device and having
points of loading and discharge.

7. • Transporting material from one place to another over a
stationary structure.
• Carries material in continuous stream with its distinct feature
such as endless chain or belt.
• Can be done horizontally, vertically or inclined.
• When the equipment does horizontal conveying, it is known as
conveyor and when it does vertical, it is known as elevator.
• Conveying are mainly used in mining, construction and in
some of the industries.
• In construction industry, conveyors are mainly used for
concreting purpose.

8. The Advantage of using conveyors are as follows:-
• It increases the output.
• It facilitates continuity in operation.
• It results in time saving.
• There are no waiting periods.
Types:
* Belt conveyor
* Screw conveyor
* Bucket conveyor
* Apron conveyor
* Aerial ropeway

12. Move loose bulk materials like coal, lime, sand, stone, and sugar cane along horizontal
or inclined conveyors. Apron Conveyors are especially useful as feeders to elevating
systems, for picking tables and loading booms, and for long horizontal or inclined
conveyors.

13. Bucket conveyor
• It has buckets in the shape of ‘V’ which are open at the top.
• They may be feeder loaded or may drag in a vertical movement or along an
incline.
• The length of these type of conveyors are generally limited to 25 m. (due to
weight of the conveyor and strength of the chains.)
• This type of conveyer is mainly used in coal handling where bucket
elevators carry the material vertically.

14. Aerial transportation through cableways and rope-ways.
•Often used with advantage for transportation of material in hilly regions.
•Reducing the distance of transportation as well as cost of transportation
•The load being passed over intermediate towers or stations for long distances.

16. • A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a load by means
of a drum or lift-wheel around which rope or chain wraps.
• It may be manually operated, electrically or pneumatically
driven and may use chain, fiber or wire rope as its lifting
medium. The load is attached to the hoist by means of a lifting
hook.

17. • They are mostly used to pull, lift, hoist, haul or raise
equipment to different places.
• They are available in different types, sizes, capacities, models
and functions depending upon individuals needs.
• They are very easy to use and are cost effective too.
• Hoisting equipment are used in construction industries,
transport industry, chemical industries, mechanical industry,
sopping malls, buildings, agricultural industry, and in almost
all the industrial sectors thus fulfilling different hoisting
requirements of buyers.

19. Types of Hoisting Equipments:
PULLEY
• Pulley and sheave are used for lifting rough surfaced and heavy objects. Both
chains and wire ropes are used for this purpose.
CHAIN HOIST
• It is used for lifting loads up to 50 tonnes. The system consists of hand chain and
load chain. The pull applied through the hand chain is transmitted to the load chain
with a multiplication factor of over 20.
JACK
• It is based on the principle of inclined plane. The smallest jack may have
capacities for 5 tonnes, while the bigger variety may be of 100 tonnes capacity.
WINCH
• It is a combination of gears (spur and pinion),clutches and brakes. The operation is
controlled through a series of levers.
CRANE
• It is most widely used equipment as an independent unit. Lifting capacity veries
from 0.5 tonnes to 500 tonnes.

20. Pulley and sheave block
• A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft that is designed to
support movement and change of direction of a cable or belt
along its circumference. Pulleys are used in a variety of ways
to lift loads, apply forces, and to transmit power.
• A pulley may also be called a sheave or drum and may have a
groove between two flanges around its circumference. The
drive element of a pulley system can be a rope, cable, belt, or
chain that runs over the pulley inside the groove.

21. Chain hoists
• The chain hoists are the popular mechanism for lifting loads.
• The system consists of two sets of chains, namely the hand
and load chain.
• The hand chains are particularly useful for the isolated
location , where an electric motor or other types of mechanical
Equipments are not available.
• The pull applied through the hand chain is transmitted to the
load chain with a multiplication factor of over 20.

22. CHAIN HOISTS
PULLEY

23. CRANES

24. A crane is a lifting machine, generally equipped with a winder (also
called a wire rope drum), wire ropes or chains and sheaves, that can be
used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally.

25. DERRICK CRANE
• It consists of a mast supported by a number of members.
MOBILE CRANE
• It is a crane mounted on pneumatic type truck on crawler tractor chassis.
WHIRLER CRANE
• It combines the advantage of long boom of derrick and mobility of the mobile
crane.
TOWER CRANE
• It is used for erecting very tall industrial and residential buildings.
HYDRAULIC CRANE
• It is very popular in the present day because length of the boom can be changed
during the working of the crane itself.
GANTRY / OVERHEAD CRANE
• It is a must in factories and workshops. Two main girders are fixed at the end of the
bridge. The chief advantage lies in the three way movement of the load.

27. • Crane – Consists of a rotating structure for lifting and lowering
horizontally on rubber tires or crawler treads
• Hoist - Used to lift and lower load.
• Boom – An inclined spar, strut, or other long member
supporting the hoisting tackle
• Boom stops – A device used to limit the angle of the boom at
its highest position
• Brake – To slow or stop motion by friction or power
• Block – Sheaves or grooved pulleys in a frame with hook, eye
and strap
• Jib – Extension attached to the boom point to provide added
boom length for lifting specified loads.

28. Mobile cranes
• Mobile crane is used in big construction projects for lifting
heavy loads.
• It is used for loading and unloading for material in coal mines.
• Loading and unloading of ships.
• To take the load from ground level and place it into the trucks.

29. Forklifts
• A forklift truck (also called a lift truck, a fork truck, a
forklift, or a tow-motor) is a powered industrial truck used to
lift and transport materials.
• Forklift trucks are available in many variations and load
capacities. In a typical warehouse setting most forklifts used
have load capacities between one to five tons. Larger
machines, up to 50 tons lift capacity are used for lifting
heavier loads.

31. * No need of Manual lifting.
* Self loading & unloading.

32. •Bulldozers

33. Bulldozer
• Machines designed preliminary for cutting & pushing material
relatively short distance.
• Consist of a tractor with a front mounted blade controlled by
hydraulic cylinders use for different cut for different depth &
leveling as per condition of land.
• A bulldozer is a crawler (Continuous tracked tractor) used to
push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, during construction
work.

36. Classification of bulldozers:
• It may either cable controlled or hydraulic controlled.
• Depending upon mountings bulldozers classified as
I. Crawler tractor mounted bulldozers
II. Wheel tractor mounted bulldozers

37. Crawler mounted bulldozers

38. Wheel tractor mounted bulldozers
Wheel tractor mounted bulldozers

39. Advantages of Crawler mounted dozer
• Capacity to travel over muddy surface.
• Work on different type of soil.
• Ability to travel on rough surface, which may reduce the cost
of maintaining the hauling roads.
• Good for short distance jobs.
• Greater use in different type of jobs.
• Can push large blade loads.
• Speed is slow about 8 to 16 kmph.

40. Advantages of Wheel mounted dozer
• Provide higher travel speed from 13 to 42 kmph on the job or
from one job to another job.
• Eliminates the necessity of hauling equipment required to
transport the dozer to the job.
• Greater output, especially when considerable travel is
necessary.
• Less fatigue to operator.
• It is good for long distance.
• It can travel on paved highways without damaging the surface.
• It is best for handling loose soil.
• It can push moderate blade load.

41. Bulldozers are used to push soil, rocks,
trees, and other materials with its large
front blade

42. Purpose of bulldozer
• Clearing site of work
• Leveling of land
• Prepare roads on hilly areas as well as hard ground
• Excavate the material and haul in between 100 meters
distance.
• Spreading earth
• Backfilling trenches
• Maintaining haul roads