HIV AIDS Medical surgical nursing

1. Submitted By
Prerna
BSC Nursing 2nd year

2.  Explain the Management of HIV/AIDS
 Discuss the Technique of standard precautions
 Role of Nurse in HIV/AIDS
 Counselling for HIV/AIDS

3.  Transmission of HIV/AIDS
 Prevention from HIV/AIDS
 Health education and Nursing Home care consideration
 Discuss about the National AIDS control programme

4. Goals
 To decrease viral load.
 To maintain or rise cd4+ T cell count.
 To delay in development of HIV related symptoms.

5.  Improves quality of life.
 Extends expectancy of life.
 Reduces the risk of transmission

6.  There is no exact treatment of AIDS.
 Some drugs are helpful to stop the progress in severity.
 Starting ART (Antiretroviral Therapy) is early period
is crucial for virus.

7.  This is a group of drug that are used in the
treatment of HIV infection.
 These drugs fight against HIV infection and
slow down of progress in operating of HIV
virus within body.

8.  These drugs also known as nukes that interfere
with replication of HIV.
 Examples:
 Lamivudine/Zidovudine(combivir)
 Tenofovir disoproxil(viread)
 Ambacavir(Ziagen)
 Emtricitabine(Emtriva)

9. These drugs cause more difficult replication of HIV.
Example:
 Nevirapine
 Delavirdine
 Efavirenz
 Etavirine

10.  Herbal remedies.
 Vitamin supplements.

11.  Standard precautions are the practices which are
applied on the patient during diagnosis, treatment and
care of patient.
 Standard precautions on the body secretions,
body fluid (such as blood semen) skin and
mucous membrane that can transmit infectious agents.

12. 1.Hand hygiene:
 During practice of healthcare wash hands after
touching contaminated field.
 Wash hand after contact with any body’s secretions
and body fluid.
 Avoid wearing our artificial finger nails.

13.  Wear disposable gloves to provide direct patient care.
 Wear fit and durable gloves.
 Follow a proper technique to wear gloves.
 Change gloves, if hands are moving from contaminated
area to clean area.

14.  Septic infection are the major cause of HIV.
 Avoid bend and recap needles
 Follow aseptic techniques to avoid chance of needle
contamination.
 Proper disposal of waste or contaminated needles.

15. 1. Educator:
 Educate the patient and their family
members about causes and risk factors of
AIDS.
 Educate the patient about diet to improve
immune functions.

16. 2. Care/Treatment Provider:
 AIDS care nurse provides nursing care for the patient
during their illness.
 Provide medical treatment to HIV positive patients.
3.Researcher: AIDS care nurse also involve in the latest
medical trends and technology on the fight against HIV.

17. 4. Supporter: AIDS Care nurse provides
psychological support to the patient, family
member, friends and other relatives.

18. Places of HIV counselling
 School
 Basic health units
 Community health centre
 Reproductive health centre
 Mother and child health clinics
 Blood donation sites
 Rural health clinics

19. Transmission
HIV can transmit by following activities
and routes:
 Receiving blood products, blood transfusion,
organ or tissue transplant from the HIV
positive person.
 Anal or vaginal sex with HIV positive person.
 From mother to baby during intrauterine
period.
 From mother to baby during birth or breast
feeding.

20.  Sharing equipment of drug injection(e.g. needle) with
HIV positive person.
 Having oral sex.
 Eating food contents that has been already chewed by
HIV infected person.
 A deep kissing of infected partners in which bleeding
gums or sores in mouth.
 Contact with wound and broken skin of HIV positive
person.

21. 1. Using personal protective equipments: Use condom
during each sexual contact because it avoids the
contact of vaginal or seminal fluid.
2. Exposure to body fluids:
(a) Prevent exposure to contaminated blood.
(b) Wash hands immediately after contact of any body
fluids.
(c) Follow universal precautions during care of HIV
positive person.
3. Avoid Needle sharing and drug infection

22. 4. Pregnancy:
(a) Delivery of the baby through Caesarean section (CS) if
necessary because CS increase chance to transmit the
infection.
(b) Prepare well planned treatment to prevent transmission
mother to fetus.
5. Safe practices during care of the HIV positive patients:
(a) Use protective equipments such as mask, gloves, gown
and protective eye wear.
(b) Frequent hand washing after treatment.
(c) Proper disposal of body fluids and secretion.

23. Health Education
Health education play an important role in the recovery
and good prognosis of AIDS.
 Wash hands after going to the bathroom to kill germs.
 Daily oral care and bathing to feel good and prevent
germs in body.
 wash hands before taking food.
 Take proper nutrition to improve strength of body.

24.  Flush all liquid wastages such as vomit, urine etc.
 Avoid sharing of toothbrush tweezers.
 Advice the patient to quit smoking because smoking
damages lungs and other body parts.
 Instruct the client to take light exercise.
 Take extra rest and sleep at night.
 Advise the patient to avoid stress as and anxiety.
 Instruct to avoid unnecessary medicines.

25.  Advise the care to spend time with HIV patient person.
 Advice the family member to discuss with patient about
food choices.
 Observe the patient whether he/she is taking medicines.
 Provide love, affection support to the HIV positive
patient.
 Instruct the family member to provide attention on weight
of the patient and daily checkup, if possible.
 Advise the assist the patient in performing light exercise.

26. Special instruction should be provided to the
patients and family members that AIDS do not
spread by:
 Food and water
 Sharing food, dishes or cooking utensils such
as knives, cup, plate, spoon.
 Touching, hugging or holding other person.

27. National AIDS control programme (NACP) was
launched by Indian Govt. in the year 1987.
AIM:
 To prevent transmission of HIV/AIDS.
 To reduce morbidity and mortality rate due to HIV.

28.  1992-1999
 Objectives:
 To initiate major efforts to prevent hiv transmission
 To reduce morbidity and mortality.

29.  1999-2006
 Objectives:
 To reduce spread of hiv infection in india
 To strengthen capacity of india to respond hiv on long
term bases

30.  2007-2012
 Objectives:
 To provide treatment, care and support for the hiv
infected person”
 To strengthen the system and infrastructure

31. I Prerna summarize my topic:
 Management of HIV/AIDS
 Technique of standard precautions
 Role of Nurse in HIV/AIDS
 Counselling for HIV/AIDS
 Transmission of HIV/AIDS
 Prevention from HIV/AIDS
 Health education and Nursing Home care consideration
 National AIDS control programme

32.  As with all infection control measures, isolation
precaution are design to prevent the spread of infection
from person to another.
 Proper sterilization, cleanliness and the use of barrier
methods should be at the top of the agenda.

33.  BOOK REFERENCE:
 “Sharma M.P” , Comprehensive textbook of MSN 1 ,
AITBS Publications , 2nd Edition 2022,page no. 649-
656.
 Brunners and Suddharth’s ”, Textbook of Medical
surgical Nursing,13th Edition , Wolters Kluwer, page
no.999-1016.
 “ Kochuthresiamma Thomas”, Medical Surgical
Nursing 2,Jaypee publications ,first edition ,page no
300-320.

34.  NET REFERENCE:
 https://www.wikipedia.hiv/aids.com
 https://slideshare.hiv/aids.com