HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus that causes AIDS. It stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and it is a final stage of HIV infection.

1. HIV/AIDSINADOLESCENTS
SMRITI
M.Sc.
H.D.C.S.

2.  HIV
 HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus that causes
AIDS.
 It attacks the immune system that gives our bodies ability
to fight infections.
 It destroys a type of white blood cell that fight disease.
 AIDS
 It stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and it is
a final stage of HIV infection.
 It means that the virus has weakened the immune system to
the point at which the body has difficult time fighting
infections.

3.  Within 2-4 weeks after HIV infection, many, people experience flu-
like symptoms, This is called “Acute retroviral syndrome” (AR)
Symptoms can include: Fever ,Swollen gland, Sore throat, Rash,
Fatigue, Muscles and joint aches and pain, Headache.
 After the early stage of HIV infection, the disease moves into a
stage called the “clinical latency” stage. “Latency” means a period
where a virus is developing in a person without producing
symptom.
 During this late stage of HIV infection, person have the following
symptoms: Rapid weight loss, Recurring fever or profuse night
sweats etc.

4.  HIV can transmitted in the
following ways:
 Having unprotected vaginal, anal,
or oral sex with a person who has
HIV.
 Injecting drugs with a syringe that
has already been used by a
person who has HIV.
 Sharing infected needles for body
piercing and Blood products.

5.  HIV test is important to ensure you
access essential treatment early and
counselling about how to prevent
onward transmission of the infection.
 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). This test is usually the
first one used to detect infection
with HIV.
 Western blot. This test is more
difficult than the ELISA to perform,
but it is done to confirm the results
of two positive ELISA tests.
 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This
test finds either the RNA of the HIV
virus or the HIV DNA in white blood
cells infected with the virus.

6.  People living with HIV have faced
violent attacks been rejected by
families and communities been
refused medical treatment and even
in some reported cases denied the
last rites before they die.
 It is difficult to educate people about
how they can avoid infection.
 Negative attitudes from health care
staff have generated anxiety and fear
among many people living with HIV
and AIDS.
 A major factor that distinguishes
HIV/AIDS from another chronic or
terminal illness is the stigma.

7.  The Adolescent Education Programme was one of the key
policy initiatives of NACP.
 AEP is implemented by the Department of Education in
collaboration with the State AIDS Prevention and Control
Societies.
 The Adolescence Education Programme (AEP) aims at:
 Co-curricular adolescence education in classes 9th -11th .
 Curricular adolescence education in classes 9th -11th and life
skills education in classes 1st - 8th .
 Inclusion of HIV prevention education in pre-service and in-
service teacher training and teacher education programmes.

8.  Inclusion of HIV prevention
education in the programmes for
out-of-school adolescents and
young persons, and
 Incorporating measures to
prevent stigma and discrimination
against learners/students and
educators and life skills education
into education policy for HIV
prevention.
 Under the programme, teachers
and peer educators are trained,
who, in turn, conduct the
programme amongst the student
community.

9. NACO IN ACTION
 National AIDS Control Organisation’s work and programme
has objectives of bringing about HIV prevention and
providing treatment to people living with HIV.
 NACO establishes an interface with the health service
organisations through meetings, seminars and training
programmes in sensitising and training healthcare
providers for prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS.
 Through the State AIDS Prevention and Control Societies
(SACS) and various NGOs, NACO guides prevention
programme at state, district and village level that reaches
out to health workers, high risk groups, bridge population
and particularly women.

10.  Red Ribbon Club is a voluntary on-
campus intervention programme for
students in educational institutions.
 It is initiated and supported by the
SACS and implemented through multi-
sectoral collaboration, particularly
using the services of cadre officers of
the State’s NSS.
 The club is proposed to be established
in every school and college to provide
youth with access to information on
HIV/AIDS and voluntary blood donation.
 The club also works towards promotion
of life skills to bring about behavioural
change among the youth. Already RRCs
are established in more than 16,000
schools and colleges.

11.  Research conducted in AIIMS (2012) -
major findings of study was the appalling disparity between
the sexes at different levels, their association with HIV and
its impact on their daily lives.
 This transient population (10-14 yrs) is extremely
important as not only do they constitute the new
generation of infected individuals who are native and
dependent on others for care, but also require specialized
intervention strategies owing to the unique nature of the
infection.

12.  It was observed that the
proportion of adolescent boys
seeking the services of the ICTC
was more as compared to that of
girls.
 Age is important risk factor for
the HIV/AIDS.

13.  Special developmental issues for
teenagers regarding HIV exposure.
 please tell your friends and families
about it, make sure the facts are
properly relayed. Ensure human rights
are preserved and stigma is avoided.
 professionals concerned with
adolescents can help reduce HIV
transmission among youth by
supporting the adoption of programs
that hold promise for reducing
adolescent unprotected sex.
 Suggest a hierarchy of recommended
behaviors that identifies abstinence as
the best, or preferred method but also
provides information about sexual risk
reduction strategies, without placing
one approach above another.

14.  BOOK:
Sharma. Namita. (2007). Know Hiv/Aids. Hiv/aids In women and
children of india. New Delhi: Pearl Books. (pp.1-14).
 WEBSITE:
http://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/signs-and-
symptoms/
p://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3701354
http://www.avert.org/hiv-aids-india.htm#sthash.Lilf3o3D.dpuf
http://www.pamf.org/parenting-teens/sexuality/stds/hiv-
aids/aids.html#top
http://www.naco.gov.in/NACO/Quick_Links/Youth/School_Age
_Education_Program_SAEP/

15. THANK YOU