2. What is RTI
Any infection in the reproductive
tract of males and females.
3. Prevention of RTI
• Genital hygiene
• Menstrual hygiene
• Avoid vaginal douching
• Seeking help early
• Availing safe abortion services
• Awareness among adolescents and
community
4. HIV AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a tent virus that
belong to the retrovirus group may cause (HIV)
infection/(AIDS) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It has
emerged as one of the most serious public health problem in
the country.
The first case of (HIV) was detected in Chennai in (1986) in
female sex workers. The greatest speed in the sex high
prevalence state of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur,
Nagaland, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
5. The Government forming the National AIDS
committee (NAC)headed by the union health
secretary.
The National AIDS Control Programme was
Launched in the year (1987)
6. National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) 1992 is a
organization of Government of India under the Ministry of Health
and Family welfare with the primary objective to control the
epidemic in India.
NACO also aims at facilitating and improving access to
treatment for HIV+ people and also be Phase to promote and
protect their human rights.
Ever since its establishment, NACO has been working to create
awareness about HIV/AIDS, giving accurate and reliable
information on the menace, clearing existing myths and
misconceptions and providing practical skills that can be
implemented at the individual's level so as to lead to behaviour
changes that minimize the risk of HIV infection.
7. 1986-First case of HIV detected and National AIDS Committee
established by Ministry of Health.
1990-Medium term plan launched for four state and four
metros.
1992-NACP I Phase launched.
National AIDS control board constituted.
NACO set-up.
1999-NACP II Phase launched SACS established.
(state AIDS control societies)
2002- National AIDS control policy.
National blood policy.
2004-Antiretroviral treatment initiated.
2006-National council on AIDS under chairmanship of Prime
Minister.
National policy on pediatric ART
8. During these phase, the National AIDS control
project was developed for prevention and control of AIDS in the
country.
Objective:
Slow and prevent spread of HIV through a major efforts to prevent
its transmission.
Strategies:
To attain a satisfactory level of public awareness on
HIV transmission and prevention.
To screen all blood unites collected for blood transfusion.
To decrease the practice of professional blood donation.
To strengthen and control of sexually transmitted disease.
To monitor the development of the HIVAIDS.
9. Awareness level that were almost insignificant
have increased to about 70-80%in urban areas
even through the level of awareness in rural
areas remain low at about 30%.
Modernization and strengthening of blood
banks
Introduction of licensing system of blood banks
and gradual phasing out of professional blood
donors.
Availability of good quality condoms through
social marketing has made a significant
increase in its use.
10. NACP has become effective in 1999. It is a 100% centrally
sponsored scheme implemented in 32 state UT and municipal
corporation namely Chennai, Ahmedabad and Mumbai through
AIDS control societies.
Objective:
To reduce the spread of HIV infection in India through
a behaviour change.
Strategies:
To shift the focus from raising awareness to
changing behaviour through intervention.
Prevention among high risk population.
To protect human rights by encouraging voluntary counselling
and testing.
11. At the operational level 1,033 targeted
intervention set up, 875 voluntary counselling
and testing centres (VCTC) and 679 clinics at
the district level.
Nationwide and state level behaviour sentinel
surveillance (BSS) surveys were conducted.
Prevention of parents to child transmission
(PPTCT) programme was expanded.
12. Objective:
Reduce the rate of incidence by 60% in 1st year of
program in high prevalence states and by 40% in vulnerable
states.
Strategies:
Prevention of new infection in high risk population
group.
Provide greater care, support and treatment of PLWHA.
To strengthen the nationwide strategic information
management system.
Prophylactic treatment for HIV (ART treatment).
13. 306 Fully functional ART centre and 612 link ART centre
10CoE, 259 community cares were established.
12.5lakh PLHIV were registered and 4.2lakh patient were on
ART.
Link workers training module updated and condoms
promotion programme was strengthened.
3000 red ribbon clubs were established.
14. The cabinet committee on economic Affairs chaired by the
Prime Minister has given its approval for continuation of
National AIDS control programme-(NACP IV) beyond 12th five
year plan for a period of three year from April,2017 to
March,2020.
Objective:
To reduce new infection by 50% (2007
Baseline of NACP III).
Provide comprehensive care and supports to all person living
with HIVAIDS and treatment service for all those who
required it.
16. Only licensed blood banks to operate.
To encourage voluntary blood donation.
Ensure safety in collection, processing,
storage and distribution of blood and blood
product.
Establishment of zonal blood centre.
Testing every unit of blood for HIV, hepatitis
B, Malaria, Syphilis and HCV is mandatory.
17. Integrating service for treatment of
reproductive tract infection and sexually
transmitted infection.
Training of all the medical and paramedical
workers engaged in providing STDsRTIs
services.
Hence, early diagnosis and treatment of STDs
is now recognised as one of the major
strategies to control spread of HIV infection.
18. 85% of HIV infection are due to unprotected
sex and multi partner contact.
This can be prevented by constitute use of
good quality condom.
Progress made by NACO in condom
programming:
a. Quality control of condom by specifying
parameters as prescribed by WHO.
b. Using social marketing strategy for condom
promotion.
c. Involvement of NGOs and private voluntary
organization in the programme.
19. Among HIV positive women:
• 5 to 10 infant will be infected during pregnancy.
• 10 to 20 infant will be infected during labour and
delivery.
• 20 to 30 infant will be infected during breast
feeding.
Prevention:
o A short course anti retroviral regimen given to the
mother it can substantially reduce the risk of
Perinatal transmission of HIV during pregnancy and
child birth.
o It has been started from 1st October 2001.
20. To raise awareness level and develop a safe
and responsible life style in student youth.
State AIDS control societies cover the student
of secondary and higher secondary school.
University talk AIDS project cover the collages
and universities.
21. Surveillance are being carried out to detect
spread of the disease and to make appropriate
strategy for prevention and control.
a. For identification of geographical spread of
HIV.
b. For determining the major modes of
transmission.
Types of surveillance:
i. HIV sentinel surveillance
ii. HIV Sero surveillance
iii. AIDS case surveillance
iv. STDs surveillance
22. The government of India started the National ART
programme on 1April in 2004. Antiretroviral
treatment (ART) is a combination of a least 3 Arv
drugs that is given to HIV infected individual once
they reach a stage of advanced immuno
suppression.
Antiretroviral treatment:
• HIV antiretroviral treatment is the main type of
treatment for HIV or AIDS. It can stop people from
becoming ill for many year and increase the body
ability to fight disease by keeping the level of HIV
low in the blood.
• It helps both the adults and children in managing
the HIV infection.
23. To help the patients to have a longer and
better quality of life.
To increase the level of CD4 count and
immunity.
To reduce the chances of transmission from
one to another.
Can be taken life long.
Common drugs:
ZIDOVIDINE
LAMIVUDINE
STAVUDINE
NEVIRAPINE
TENOFOVIR
24. KSACS plays a pivotal role in the States
strategy in combating on HIV/AIDS epidemic.
It includes some of the program such as
USHUS,PULARI,JYOTHIS, SURAKSHA,BLOOD
SAFETY,TELE COUNSELLING.
25. It is a chain of RTI clinics. It was established
for the better health services and for the
prevention of HIV/AIDS.
JYOTHIS
It includes HIV Counselling and testing
services and integrated counselling and
testing centres. These services have
linkages with NGO and outward linkages
with ART centres,and home based care.
26. To reduce the spread of HIV infection in India.
Strengthen India capacity to respond to
HIV/AIDS on a long term basis.
State level AIDS control societies and improve
drug and equipment practice.
