The Cucurbitaceae, also called cucurbits or the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera, of which the most important to humans are: Cucurbita – squash,
The Cucurbitaceae, also called cucurbits or the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera, of which the most important to humans are: Cucurbita – squash,
the presentation is about plant family Brassicaceae. in this presentation you will study about general introduction of the family, its distributions, vegetative characters, floral characters, floral formula and diagram, important genera of this family and economic importance of this family.
evidences of anatomy, cytology and chemistry to plant taxonomynasira jaffry
taxonomy is based on other disciplines of sciences. in this presentation, there is discussion how anatomy, cytology and chemistry influnces the taxonomy
Degradome sequencing and small RNA targetsMuhammed Ameer
small RNAs are Short (~18-30 nucleotides) Non-coding molecules.
Elucidation of miRNA function depends on the recognition of their target molecules (mRNA transcripts)
RNA degradation is a constant reaction in the living cells
The total products from RNA decay are uniformly defined as RNA degradome
Degradome sequencing is a powerful technique for the detection of cleavage sites of miRNA targets
Connects high-throughput Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and target predictions for miRNAs
Degradome sequencing can provide information about transcripts that undergo degradation by miRNAs
3 case studies
Muhammed Ameer
Masters Seminar - 2022
Department of Plant Biotechnology
Kerala Agricultural University
the presentation is about plant family Brassicaceae. in this presentation you will study about general introduction of the family, its distributions, vegetative characters, floral characters, floral formula and diagram, important genera of this family and economic importance of this family.
evidences of anatomy, cytology and chemistry to plant taxonomynasira jaffry
taxonomy is based on other disciplines of sciences. in this presentation, there is discussion how anatomy, cytology and chemistry influnces the taxonomy
Degradome sequencing and small RNA targetsMuhammed Ameer
small RNAs are Short (~18-30 nucleotides) Non-coding molecules.
Elucidation of miRNA function depends on the recognition of their target molecules (mRNA transcripts)
RNA degradation is a constant reaction in the living cells
The total products from RNA decay are uniformly defined as RNA degradome
Degradome sequencing is a powerful technique for the detection of cleavage sites of miRNA targets
Connects high-throughput Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and target predictions for miRNAs
Degradome sequencing can provide information about transcripts that undergo degradation by miRNAs
3 case studies
Muhammed Ameer
Masters Seminar - 2022
Department of Plant Biotechnology
Kerala Agricultural University
Case studies in Disaster Management (Four)Muhammed Ameer
Four case studies:
Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster – 26th April 1986
Bhopal Gas Tragedy – 3rd December 1984
Mumbai flood – 26th July 2005
Gujarat Earthquake – 26th Jan 2001
Measures taken in anticipation of a disaster to ensure that appropriate and effective actions are taken in the aftermath are known as Disaster Preparedness.
Principal Component Analysis and Cluster AnalysisMuhammed Ameer
Principal component analysis (PCA) is a technique used to emphasize variation and bring out strong patterns in a dataset. It's often used to make data easy to explore and visualize.
Cluster analysis or clustering is the task of grouping a set of objects in such a way that objects in the same group (called a cluster) are more similar (in some sense) to each other than to those in other groups (clusters).
Different applications of Animal cell culture:
Model Systems
Toxicity Testing
Drug Screening and Development
Virology
Genetic Engineering
Gene Therapy
Stem Cell Therapy
Disease Diagnosis
Cancer Research
Cell-based Manufacturing
Production of vaccines
Recombinant proteins
Production of Biopesticides
It is a DNA assembly method which allows the joining of multiple DNA fragments in a single isothermal reaction resulting in a single double-stranded molecule.
Stingless bees are also called Meliponinas, are a large group of bees comprising the tribe Meliponini.
The Indian Stingless bee or Dammer bee, Tetragonula iridipennis belongs to the species Apidae.
Unlike other bees, the sting is vestigial but defend their colony only by biting.
They yield little honey 60-180ml per colony and the honey had high medicinal value
The emu is the second-largest living bird by height, after its ratite relative, the ostrich. It is endemic to Australia where it is the largest native bird and the only extant member of the genus Dromaius.
Emus are soft-feathered, brown, flightless birds with long necks and legs, and can reach up to 1.9 meters (6.2 ft) in height. Emus can travel great distances, and when necessary can sprint at 50 km/h (31 mph); they forage for a variety of plants and insects, but have been known to go for weeks without eating. They drink infrequently, but take in copious amounts of water when the opportunity arises. They are long lived up to 30years.
Inoculation with a specific biological substance (antigen) to stimulate resistance or immunity to a particular disease.
Purpose of vaccination
To prevent or reduce problems that can occur from infection of a field strain of a disease organism
To incite high levels of immunity to protect birds in the face of aggressive endemic disease challenges.
To prevent heavy losses in the form of high mortality, morbidity and lowered protective performance by building up resistance in birds
To hyper immunize hens to maximize maternally derived antibody passed through the egg to the hatching progeny.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
2. COMMON NAME : Coffee
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Coffea arabica
FLOWERING PERIOD : March - April
SOURCES : Pollen and Nectar
FLORAL DIAGRAM
Petal
Sepal
Bract
Androecium
Gynoeicum
3. COMMON NAME : Brinjal
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Solanum melongena
FLOWERING PERIOD : March – December
SOURCES : Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
4. COMMON NAME : Singapore cherry
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Muntingia calabura
FLOWERING PERIOD : All seasons
SOURCES : Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
5. COMMON NAME : Lantana
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Lantana camara
FLOWERING PERIOD : All seasons
SOURCES : Pollen and Nectar
FLORAL DIAGRAM
6. COMMON NAME : Tomato
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Lycopersicon esculentum
FLOWERING PERIOD : Nov – Dec and March – July
SOURCES : Pollen and Nectar
FLORAL DIAGRAM
7. COMMON NAME : Joy weed
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Alternanthera sessilis
FLOWERING PERIOD : All seasons
SOURCES : Pollen and Nectar
FLORAL DIAGRAM
8. COMMON NAME : Mustard
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Brassica nigra
FLOWERING PERIOD : Nov – Feb
SOURCES : Pollen and Nectar
FLORAL DIAGRAM
9. COMMON NAME : Citrus
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Citrus limonia
FLOWERING PERIOD : Spring
SOURCES : Pollen and Nectar
FLORAL DIAGRAM
10. COMMON NAME : Siam weed
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Chromolaena odorata
FLOWERING PERIOD : Oct - Dec
SOURCES : Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
11. COMMON NAME : guava
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Psidium guajava
FLOWERING PERIOD : August , Nov – Dec , March - April
SOURCES : Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
Petal
Sepal
Bract
Androecium
Gynoecium
12. COMMON NAME : Wild senna
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Senna marilandica
FLOWERING PERIOD : Sep - Nov
SOURCES : Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
13. COMMON NAME : Amla
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Phyllanthus emblica
FLOWERING PERIOD : Nov - Dec
SOURCES : Nectar
FLORAL DIAGRAM
Calyx
Androecium
Gynoecium
Corolla
14. COMMON NAME : Perennial soyabean
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Neonotonia wightii
FLOWERING PERIOD : Oct - Nov
SOURCES : Nectar
FLORAL DIAGRAM
Petal
Sepal
Androcecium
Gynoecium
Bract
15. COMMON NAME : Cuphea
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Cuphea hyssopifolia
FLOWERING PERIOD : All seasons
SOURCES : Nectar and Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
Sepal
Petal
Androecium
Gynoecium
Bract
16. COMMON NAME : Spot weed
SCIENTIFIC NAME. :Acmella oleracea
FLOWERING PERIOD :Oct-Feb
SOURCES : Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
17. COMMON NAME : Redgram
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Cajanus cajana
FLOWERING PERIOD : June - July
SOURCES : Nectar and Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
18. COMMON NAME : Joy weed
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Alternanthera sessilis
FLOWERING PERIOD : All seasons
SOURCES : Pollen and Nectar
FLORAL DIAGRAM
19. COMMON NAME : Field bean
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Vicia faba
FLOWERING PERIOD : Dec – Feb
SOURCES : Nectar and Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
20. COMMON NAME : Chilli
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Capsicum annum
FLOWERING PERIOD : Sep - Oct
SOURCES : Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
21. COMMON NAME : Cowpea
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Vigna ungiculata
FLOWERING PERIOD : July - August
SOURCES : Nectar and Pollen
FLORAL DIAGRAM
29. Common name : Sickle pod Scientific
name : Senna tora Family : Fabaceae
Flowering period : march to april Forage
source : nectar and pollen
30. Common name : Nandi vriksha
Scientific name : Tabernaemontana divaricata
Family :Apocynaceae
Flowering period : july to september
Forage source : nectar
31. Common name : Jasmine
Scientific name : Jasminum sambac
Family : oleaceae
Flowering period : march to september Forage
source : nectar and pollen
32. Common Name : Pea
Scientific Name : Pisum sativum
Flowering period : Year around
Sources : Pollen
Calyx
Gynoecium
Androecium
Corolla
33. Common Name : 10 ‘0’ clock plant
Scientific Name : Portulaca grandiflora
Flowering period : Year around
Sources : Pollen and nectar
Calyx
Corolla
Gynoecium
Androecium
34. Common Name : Crape Jasmine
Scientific Name : Tabernaemontana divaricata
Flowering period : Sept- Dec
Sources : Nectar
Calyx
Corolla
Gynoecium
Androecium
35. Common Name : Kapoor tulsi
Scientific Name : Ocimum tenuiflorum
Flowering period : Year around
Sources : Pollen and Nectar
Calyx
Androecium
Gynoecium
Corolla
36. Common Name : Arecanut
Scientific Name : Areca catechu
Flowering period : Dec- March
Sources : Pollen and nectar
Calyx
Corolla
Gynoecium
37. Common name : Pumpkin
Scientific name : Cucurbita spp Flowering period :
october to november Forage source : pollen and
nectar
38. COMMON NAME : Bitter guard
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Momordica charantia
FLOWERING PERIOD : Feb - april
SOURCE : Pollen and nectar
FAMILY : Cucurbitaceae
FLORAL DIAGRAM :
39. Common Name : Ceylon spinach
Scientific Name : Talinum fructicosum
Flowering period : Year around
Sources : Pollen and nectar
Calyx
Corolla
Gynoecium
Androecium
40. Common Name : Crown of thorns
Scientific Name : Euphorbia mili
Flowering period : Year around
Sources : Pollen and nectar
Perianth
Androecium
Gynoecium
41. Common Name : Spinach
Scientific Name : Amaranthus dubius
Flowering period : Year around
Sources : Pollen
Calyx
Androecium
Gynoecium
42. Common Name : Wish borne flower
Scientific Name : Torenia fournieri
Flowering period : Year around
Sources : Pollen and nectar
.K(2–5)* [C(5)↓ A1 r :4↓] Ĝ (1:2 r )↓V×1:∞ r
Calyx
Corolla
Gynoecium
Androecium
43. Common Name : Floss flower
Scientific Name : Ageratum haustorium
Flowering period : June- Sept
Sources : Pollen
Calyx
Androecium
Gynoecium
Corolla
44. Common name : Chitte hoovu
Scientific name : Cosmos sulphureus
Flowering period : Jan – Feb
Source of foraging : N & P
Floral diagram
calyx
corolla
gynoecium
45. Common name : Datura
Scientific name : Datura stramonium
Flowering period : june - july
Source of foraging : nectar
Floral diagramc
calyx
corolla
gynoecium
androecium
46. Common name : Papaya
Scientific name : Carica papaya
Flowering period : Aug – Oct
Source of foraging : Nectar
Floral diagramc
calyx
corolla
androecium
gynoecium
47. Common name : Pomegranate
Scientific name : Punica granatum
Flowering period : June – july
Source of foraging : pollen and nectar
Floral diagram
calyx
corolla
androecium
gynoecium
48. Common name
Scientific name
Flowering period
Source of foraging
Common name : Vinca rosea
Scientific name : Vinca rosea
Flowering period : All season ( spring )
Source of foraging : pollen and nectar
Floral diagramc
calyx
corolla
gynoecium
androecium
49. Common Name : Tapioca
Scientific Name : Manihot esculenta
Flowering period : June- July
Sources : -
Perianth
Androecium
Gynoecium
50. 14) TRIDAX common name Tridax
Scientific name ;Tridax procumbens
Family : Astraceace
Flowering period all round the year
Source :pollen
Floral diagram
66. Common name : honge
Scientific name : Milletia pinnata
Flowering period :Throughout year
Source of forage: Nectar
Floral diagram:
67. Common name : Bougainvillea
Scientific name : Bougainvillea glabra
Flowering period :Throughout year
Source of forage: Nectar
Floral diagram:
Calyx
Corolla
Androecium
Gynoecium
68. Common name : Perigrina
Scientific name : Jatropha integerrima
Flowering period :Throughout year
Source of forage: Nectar
Floral diagram:
Actinomorphic
Corolla
Androecium
Gynoecium
69. Common name : Bleeding heart
Scientific name : Lamprocapnos spectabilis
Flowering period :Throughout year
Source of forage: Nectar
Floral diagram:
Calyx
Corolla
Androecium
Gynoecium
70. Common name : Plumeria
Scientific name : Plumeria pudica
Flowering period :Throughout year
Source of forage: Nectar
Floral diagram:
Calyx
Corolla
Androecium
Gynoecium
Bract
72. Common name: Trumpetvine
Scientific name: Allamanda cathartica
Flowering period: all the season
Sources: pollen and nectar
Floral diagram:
%K(5)C(5)A4G1
73. Common name: Thumbe
Scientific name: Leucas aspera
Flowering period: sept-febrauary
Sources: pollen and nectar
Floral diagram:
74. Common name: Indian shot
Scientific name: Canna indica
Flowering period: Feb- Oct
Sources: Nectar
Floral diagram:K3 [C3 A1°–3°+½:2°] Ğ(3)
75. Common name: Golden thryallis
Scientific name: Galphimia glauca
Flowering period: all the season
Sources : Pollen and nectar
Floral diagram:
K5C1+4A10G3
80. Sources : Pollen
Floral diagram:
Common name: White weed
Scientific name:Ageratum conyzoides
Flowering period: Dec-may
81. Common name : Marvel of Peru, Sanje Mallige
Scientific name : Mirabilis jalapa
Family : Nyctaginaceae
Flowering period : Summer (April to June)
Forage source : Pollen and nectar
Floral diagram
Calyx
Corolla
Androecium
Gynoecium
82. Common name : Peacock Flower
Scientific name : Caesalpinia pulcherrima
Family : Fabaceae
Flowering period : Year round
Forage Source : Pollen
Floral diagram :
83. Common name : Honge
Scientific name : Pongamia pinnata
Family : Papilionaceae
Flowering period : March - May
Source for bees : Nectar and Pollen
Floral diagram :
84. Common name : French Marigold
Scientific name : Tagetes patula
Family : Asteraceae
Flowering period : July - November
Forage Source : Nectar and Pollen
Floral diagram :
85. Common name : Crape jasmine / Nandi Battalu
Scientific name : Tabernaemontana divaricata
Family : Apocyanaceae
Flowering period : Year round
Forage Source : Pollen and Nectar
Floral diagram :
86. Common name : Coral Jasmine / Parijatha
Scientific name : Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Family : Oleaceae
Flowering period : August - December
Source for bees : Pollen and Nectar
Floral diagram :
87. Common name : Shame plant / Touch me not
Scientific name : Mimosa pudica
Family : Fabaceae
Flowering period : March to October
Forage Source : Pollen
Floral diagram :
88. Common name : Tulsi / Basil
Scientific name : Ocimum sanctum
Family : Lamiaceae
Flowering period : April to June
Forage Source : Pollen
Floral diagram :
Calyx
Corolla
Androecium
Gynoecium
89. Common name : Communist weed
Scientific name : Chromolaen odorata
Flowering period: December-March
Forage source : Nectar
Floral diagram :
Calayx
Corolla
Androcium
Gynoecium
Bract