Hemostasis definition, types and steps.
Hemostasis and coagulation physiology and pathology in steps and illustrated in simple way by diagrams.
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways are mentioned in details.
Platelet function as a corner stone hemostasis in case of endothelial injury or another pathology taht affect endothelium or blood vessels.
Some pharmacological notes about drugs related to hemostasis and its clinical significance.
Platelet and coagulation post graduate lecture Monkez M Yousif
This lecture is prepared for postgraduate students in Internal medicine. It presents a physiologic and basic background of the process of homeostasis followed by a practical approach to diagnosis and brief information of different causes of bleeding disorders
Hemostasis definition, types and steps.
Hemostasis and coagulation physiology and pathology in steps and illustrated in simple way by diagrams.
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways are mentioned in details.
Platelet function as a corner stone hemostasis in case of endothelial injury or another pathology taht affect endothelium or blood vessels.
Some pharmacological notes about drugs related to hemostasis and its clinical significance.
Platelet and coagulation post graduate lecture Monkez M Yousif
This lecture is prepared for postgraduate students in Internal medicine. It presents a physiologic and basic background of the process of homeostasis followed by a practical approach to diagnosis and brief information of different causes of bleeding disorders
Hemostasis is normal physiological mechanism by which blood in fluid state in vascular system normally and prevention of bleeding by Hemostasis by complex interactions of blood vessels wall, plasma proteins and platelets.
Hemostasis
Seminar Prepared by :-
Mohammed Saadi
Mohammed Musa
Hussein Jassam
Mahmoud Ahmed
Internal Medicine
College of Medicine - University of Kirkuk
Here's important & condensed ppt slides about hemostasis and its orchestrated steps and cogulation cascade, roles of endothelium,platelets and Coagulation protiens....!
Hemostasis is the arrest of bleeding, whether it be by normal vasoconstriction (the vessel walls closing temporarily), by an abnormal obstruction (such as a plaque) or by coagulation or surgical means (such as ligation)
Hemostasis is normal physiological mechanism by which blood in fluid state in vascular system normally and prevention of bleeding by Hemostasis by complex interactions of blood vessels wall, plasma proteins and platelets.
Hemostasis
Seminar Prepared by :-
Mohammed Saadi
Mohammed Musa
Hussein Jassam
Mahmoud Ahmed
Internal Medicine
College of Medicine - University of Kirkuk
Here's important & condensed ppt slides about hemostasis and its orchestrated steps and cogulation cascade, roles of endothelium,platelets and Coagulation protiens....!
Hemostasis is the arrest of bleeding, whether it be by normal vasoconstriction (the vessel walls closing temporarily), by an abnormal obstruction (such as a plaque) or by coagulation or surgical means (such as ligation)
This lecture was the opening lecture on the ‘Physiology of Coagulation’ at the Continuing Medical Education (CME) Grand Rounds, 2011. Organised by Kuwait Anesthesia Council, Kuwait
Hemostasis is the maintenance of blood flow is fluid state within the vascular system, the major components of hemostasis are vascular system, platelets, coagulation factors, inhibitors of coagulation and fibrinolytic system. details are given
Coagulation cascade PowerPoint templates designed by skilled, experienced and professional graphic designers that are intended to solve the big issue of time consumption. These are fully editable slides and organized in a way to simplify the most complex topics and present it in an attractive manner. You can easily incorporate charts, diagrams and animations along with the content to these layouts in order to explore new technologies and trends of businesses in a unique way. All editable slides are digitally created to pinpoint and clarify the message, and summarize information regarding topic.
A detailed description of various stages in blood coagulation, clotting factors involved, the role of calcium, vitamin K, thrombin, phospholipids in blood coagulation, various tests for blood clotting, the significance of bleeding disorders in the treatment of periodontal disease and management.
Hemostasis is the mechanism that leads to cessation of bleeding from a blood vessel. It is a process that involves multiple interlinked steps. This cascade culminates into the formation of a “plug” that closes up the damaged site of the blood vessel controlling the bleeding.
HEMOSTASIS /stages of hemostasis / Formation of platelet plug/ Mechanism of b...Bharath S R
Vasoconstriction, the platelet cell membrane, the formation of a platelet plug, and the significance of the platelet mechanism for sealing vascular holes. PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS, INTERACTION BETWEEN THE INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC PATHWAYS, BLOOD CLOT, AND THE MECHANISM OF BLOOD COAGULATION
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
2. Normal hemostasis comprises a series of regulated processes that
maintain blood in a fluid , clot free state in normal vessels while
rapidly forming a localized hemostatic plug at the site of vascular
injury.
Achieved through the following mechanisms:
1. Transient arteriolar vasoconstriction
2. Platelet adherence, activation and aggregation
3. Activation of thrombin leading to subsequent formation of a blood clot
4. Fibrinolysis
primary hemostasis - It takes place when there are injuries to small
vessels during which the affected vessels contract to seal off the
wound and platelets are mobilized, aggregate, and adhere to
components of the subendothelium of the vasculature. Platelet
adhesion requires the presence of various factors such as von
Willebrand factor (vWF) and platelet receptors (IIb/IIIa and Ib/IX).
Additional platelets are attracted to the site of injury by the release of
platelet granular contents, such as adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
3. Secondary hemostasis - involves the response of the coagulation
system to vessel injury. It is required to control bleeding from large
wounds and is a continuation of the primary hemostatic mechanisms.
Whereas the outcome of primary hemostasis is the formation of the
platelet plug, the outcome of secondary hemostasis is the formation of
a thrombus.
4.
5. ANTITHROMBOTIC
PROPERTIES OF NORMAL
EPITHELIUM Platelets - intact endothelium prevents platelets from engaging the highly
thrombogenic subendothelial ECM.
Prostacyclins ie PGI2 and nitric oxide produced by endothelium impedes
their adhesion, potent vasodilators , inhibit aggregation
Endothelial cells also produce Adenosine diphosphatase which degrades
ADP further inhibiting platelet aggregation.
Coagulation factors – the inhibitory effects are mediated by factors
expressed on endothelial surfaces particularly heparin like molecules,
thrombomodulin, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor.
Heparin like molecules act indirectly by enhancing the inactivation of
thrombin by antithrombin III.
Thrombomodulin binds to thrombin thereby modifying the substrate
specificity of thrombin so that it cleaves and activates protein C instead of
fibrinogen.
TFPI directly inhibits tissue factor –factor VIIa complex and factor Xa.
Fibrinolysis - endothelial cells synthesize tissue type plasminogen factor
that cleaves plasminogen to plasmin which in turn cleaves fibrin to degrade
thrombi.
6. PROTHROMBOTIC PROPERTIES OF
INJURED/ACTIVATED ENDOTHELIUM
Activation of platelets - endothelial injury brings platelets into
contact with Subendothelial ECM which includes among its
constituents von Willebrand factor . vWF is held fast to the ECM
through interactions with collagen as well as Gp1b found on the
surface of platelets allowing it to as glue that binds platelets tightly to
denuded vessel walls.
Activation of clotting factors – in response to TNF / IL-1 or
endotoxin endothelial cells produce tissue factor the major in vivo
activator of coagulation and downregulate thrombomodulin. Also
bind coagulation factors IXa and Xa augmenting the catalytic
activities.
Antifibrinolytic effects – activated endothelial cells secrete
plasminogen activator inhibitors which limit fibrinolysis.
7.
8. PLATELETS
Platelet function depends on several integrin family glycoprotein
receptors, a contractile cytoskeleton and 2 types of cytoplasmic
granules:
Alpha granules – express the adhesion molecule P-selectin on their
membranes and contain fibrinogen, fibronectin, factors V & VIII ,
platelet factor 4 , platelet derived growth factor , transforming
growth factor beta.
Dense bodies (delta granules) - ADP, ATP , ionized calcium ,
histamine, serotonin , epinephrine.
PLATELET ADHESION
Depends on vWF and Gp1b. Under stress( i.e in flowing blood) vWF
undergoes a conformational change allowing it to bind to collagen in
the ECM and to platelet Gp1b.
9. PLATELET ACTIVATION
Platelet adhesion leas to an irreversible shape change and secretion
of both granule types ( platelet activation)
Calcium and ADP released are important as Calcium is required by
several coagulation factors and ADP is a potent activator of resting
platelets.
Activated platelets synthesize thromboxane A2 (TxA2) a PG that
activates additional nearby platelets as well play an important role in
platelet aggregation.
Irreversible shape change includes change from smooth discs to
spheres with numerous long, spiky membrane extensions as well as
subtle changes in their plasma membranes.
Enhances subsequent aggregation and increase surface area
available for interaction with coagulation factors .
Subtle membrane changes include an increase in the surface
expression of negatively charged phospholipds providing binding
sites for both calcium and coagulation factors and a conformation
change in platelet GpIIb /IIIa that permits it to bind to fibrinogen.
10. PLATELET AGGREGATION
Prompted by bridging interactions between fibrinogen and GpIIb/IIIa
receptors on adjacent platelets. [ Glanzmann thrombasthenia]
Concurrent activation of the coagulation cascade generates thrombin
which stabilizs the platelet plug through two mechanisms:
1. Thrombin activates a platelet surface receptor (protease activated
receptor[PAR]) which in concert with ADP and TxA2 further
enhances platelet aggregation. Platelet contraction follows creating
the secondary hemostatic plug.
2. Thrombin activates fibrinogen to fibrin
13. Critical labs assess the cascade using two standard assays:
1. Prothrombin time – screens for factors VII,X,II,V and fibrinogen.
(extrinsic pathway) .
2. Partial thromboplastin time – screens for the activity of factors
XII,XI, IX, VIII,X,V,II and fibrinogen
once activated coagulation cascade must be tightly restricted to the
site of injury.
Besides restricting factor activation to sites of exposed phospholipids ,
clotting is controlled by three general categories of anticoagulants:
1. Antithrombin III – inhibit the activity of thrombin and factors
Ixa,Xa,XIa and XIIa . Activated by binding to heparin like molecules ie
the adminsitration of heparin to limit thrombosis.
2. Protein c & S - vitamin k dependent proteins that act in a complex to
proteolytically inactivate cofactors Va, VIIIa
3. tissue factor pathway inhibitor – inactivates factor Xa and tissue
factor-factor VIIa complexes.