The Health Promotion Model focuses on individual characteristics and experiences, behaviors, and cognitions that influence health behaviors. It addresses personal factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status, as well as perceptions of benefits, barriers, self-efficacy, and social and environmental influences. The model leads to a commitment to a plan of action and ultimately a behavioral health outcome.

1. Prepared by:-
Mrs. D. Melba Sahaya
Sweety
Pediatric Nursing
Department
GIMSARChinna Chadayan & Melba
Sahaya Sweety

2. INTRODUCTION
• The Health promotion Model (HPM)
Proposed by Pender (1982 And revised
in 1996).
• It defines health as a positive,
dynamic state, not merely the absence
of disease.
• Health promotion is directed at
increasing a patient’s level of people as
they interact within their environment
to pursue healthChinna Chadayan & Melba
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3. Chinna Chadayan & Melba
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4. The Model focuses on three
Areas…,
•Individual
characteristics and
experience
•Behavior- specific
knowledge andChinna Chadayan & Melba
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5. INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS
AND EXPERIENCE
• Personal factors :-
• Personal factors categorized as
biological, psychological and socio-
cultural
• These factors are predictive of a
given behavior and shaped by the
nature of the target behavior being
considered
Chinna Chadayan & Melba
Sahaya Sweety

6. Personal biological factors
Include variable such as
Age, gender, body mass
index, pubertal status,
strength, ability or balance
Chinna Chadayan & Melba
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7. Personal psychological factor
Include variable such as
self-esteem, self-
motivation,personal
competence, perceived
health status and definition
of health
Chinna Chadayan & Melba
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8. Personal socio-cultural factors
Include variable such as race,
ethnicity, accuculturation,
education and socio-economic
status
Behavioral specific cognition
and affect
Chinna Chadayan & Melba
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9. Perceived benefits of action
Anticipated positive
outcome that ill occur from health
behavior.
Perceived barriers of action
Anticipated imagined or real
block and personal costs of
BEHAVIOR- SPCIFIC
COGNITIONS AND EFFCT
Chinna Chadayan & Melba
Sahaya Sweety

10. Perceived self- efficacy
Judgement of personal
capability to organize and execute
a health promoting behavior.
Perceived self-efficacy influences
perceived barriers to action so
higher efficacy result in lowered
perceptions of barrier to theChinna Chadayan & Melba
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11. Activity related affect
• Activity – related affect
influences perceived self-
efficacy, which means the
more positive the subjective
feeling, the greater the feeling
of efficiency. In turn,
increased feeling of efficacyChinna Chadayan & Melba
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12. Interpersonal influence
• Cognition concerning behaviour, belief
or attitudes of the others. Interpersonal
influences include; norms(expectations
of significant others) , Social support
(instrumental and emotional
encouragement) and modelling
(vicarious learning through obsening
others engaged in a particular
behavior. Primary source of
interpersonal influences are families,
peers and health care providers.Chinna Chadayan & Melba
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13. Situational influences
• Personal perception and cognitions of
any given situation or context that can
facilitate or impede behavior. It includes
perceptions of options available,
demand characteristics and aesthestic
features of the environment in which
given health promoting is proposed to
take place. Situational influences may
have direct or indirect influences onChinna Chadayan & Melba
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14. COMMITMENT TO PLAN OF ACTION
The concept of intention and
identification of a planned strategy
leads to implementation of health
behavior.
BEHAVIOURAL OUTCOME
Chinna Chadayan & Melba
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15. IMMEDIATE COMPETING
BEMANDS AND REFERENCE
Competing demands are those alternative
behaviors over which individuals have low
control because there are environmental
contingencies such as work or family care
responsibilities. Competing preference are
alternative behavior over which individuals
exert relatively high control, such as choice of
ice cream or apple for a snack.
Chinna Chadayan & Melba
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16. HEALTH PROMOTING
BEHAVIOUR
• End point or action directed toward
attaining positive health outcome such
as optimal well-being personal
fulfillment and productive living
Chinna Chadayan & Melba
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17. Chinna Chadayan & Melba
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