POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT BY SSSC AND STATCOM USING PI CONTROLLERJournal For Research
This paper presents the enhancement of voltage stability using Static Synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and Static Synchronous series compensator (SSSC). In recent past years, along with the rapid increasing electrical power requirement has caused system to be heavily loaded leading to voltage instability. Under this condition there may be insufficient reactive power causing voltage to drop at various buses. The result would be the occurrence of voltage collapse which leads to total blackout of the whole system. FACT controllers have been used for solving various stability control problems. In this paper, SSSC and STATCOM are used to investigate the effect of these devices in controlling active and reactive powers to maintain voltage stability. The PI Controller is used to tune the circuit and to provide the zero signal error. Simulation results have been presented in MATLAB/Simulink environment for two machines four buses system.
Control of Active And reactive power flow in transmission line and power Osci...AM Publications
the continuous demand in electric power system network has caused the system to be heavily loaded
leading to voltage instability. This paper describe the active approach to series line compensation, in which static
voltage sourced converter, is used to provide controllable series compensation. This compensator is called as Static
synchronous series compensator (SSSC). It injects the compensating voltage in phase quadrature with line current, it
can emulate as inductive or capacitive reactance so as to influence the power flow in the line. With DC power supply it
can also compensate the voltage drop across the resistive component of the line impedance. In addition, the series
reactive compensation can greatly increase the power oscillation damping.
Simulations have been done in MATLAB SIMULINK. Simulation results obtained for selected bus-2 in two machine
power system. From the result we can investigate the effect of this device in controlling active and reactive power as
well as damping power system oscillations in transient mode.
Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) with Superconducting Magnetic En...IDES Editor
Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) has
been designed with Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
(SMES) system. A closed loop control scheme has been
proposed with PI controller and real and reactive powers are
taken as references. A 48 pulse voltage source inverter is
designed for the SSSC. Control scheme for the chopper circuit
of SMES coil is also designed. A three area system is taken as
the test system and the operation of SSSC with SMES is
analysed for various transient disturbances. Test results under
different disturbances and operating conditions show the
proposed SSSC with SMES is effective in damping out the
power system oscillations.
In the modern power system the reactive power compensation is one of the main issues, the transmission of active power requires a difference in angular phase between voltages at the sending and receiving points (which is feasible within wide limits), whereas the transmission of reactive power requires a difference in magnitude of these same voltages (which is feasible only within very narrow limits). The reactive power is consumed not only by most of the network elements, but also by most of the consumer loads, so it must be supplied somewhere. If we can't transmit it very easily, then it ought to be generated where it is needed." (Reference Edited by T. J. E. Miller, Forward Page ix).Thus we need to work on the efficient methods by which VAR compensation can be applied easily and we can optimize the modern power system. VAR control technique can provides appropriate placement of compensation devices by which a desirable voltage profile can be achieved and at the same time minimizing the power losses in the system. This report discusses the transmission line requirements for reactive power compensation. In this report thyristor switched capacitor is explained which is a static VAR compensator used for reactive power management in electrical systems.
Seminar Topic For Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE)
POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT BY SSSC AND STATCOM USING PI CONTROLLERJournal For Research
This paper presents the enhancement of voltage stability using Static Synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and Static Synchronous series compensator (SSSC). In recent past years, along with the rapid increasing electrical power requirement has caused system to be heavily loaded leading to voltage instability. Under this condition there may be insufficient reactive power causing voltage to drop at various buses. The result would be the occurrence of voltage collapse which leads to total blackout of the whole system. FACT controllers have been used for solving various stability control problems. In this paper, SSSC and STATCOM are used to investigate the effect of these devices in controlling active and reactive powers to maintain voltage stability. The PI Controller is used to tune the circuit and to provide the zero signal error. Simulation results have been presented in MATLAB/Simulink environment for two machines four buses system.
Control of Active And reactive power flow in transmission line and power Osci...AM Publications
the continuous demand in electric power system network has caused the system to be heavily loaded
leading to voltage instability. This paper describe the active approach to series line compensation, in which static
voltage sourced converter, is used to provide controllable series compensation. This compensator is called as Static
synchronous series compensator (SSSC). It injects the compensating voltage in phase quadrature with line current, it
can emulate as inductive or capacitive reactance so as to influence the power flow in the line. With DC power supply it
can also compensate the voltage drop across the resistive component of the line impedance. In addition, the series
reactive compensation can greatly increase the power oscillation damping.
Simulations have been done in MATLAB SIMULINK. Simulation results obtained for selected bus-2 in two machine
power system. From the result we can investigate the effect of this device in controlling active and reactive power as
well as damping power system oscillations in transient mode.
Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) with Superconducting Magnetic En...IDES Editor
Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) has
been designed with Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
(SMES) system. A closed loop control scheme has been
proposed with PI controller and real and reactive powers are
taken as references. A 48 pulse voltage source inverter is
designed for the SSSC. Control scheme for the chopper circuit
of SMES coil is also designed. A three area system is taken as
the test system and the operation of SSSC with SMES is
analysed for various transient disturbances. Test results under
different disturbances and operating conditions show the
proposed SSSC with SMES is effective in damping out the
power system oscillations.
In the modern power system the reactive power compensation is one of the main issues, the transmission of active power requires a difference in angular phase between voltages at the sending and receiving points (which is feasible within wide limits), whereas the transmission of reactive power requires a difference in magnitude of these same voltages (which is feasible only within very narrow limits). The reactive power is consumed not only by most of the network elements, but also by most of the consumer loads, so it must be supplied somewhere. If we can't transmit it very easily, then it ought to be generated where it is needed." (Reference Edited by T. J. E. Miller, Forward Page ix).Thus we need to work on the efficient methods by which VAR compensation can be applied easily and we can optimize the modern power system. VAR control technique can provides appropriate placement of compensation devices by which a desirable voltage profile can be achieved and at the same time minimizing the power losses in the system. This report discusses the transmission line requirements for reactive power compensation. In this report thyristor switched capacitor is explained which is a static VAR compensator used for reactive power management in electrical systems.
Seminar Topic For Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE)
Optimal Load flow control using UPFC methodNishant Kumar
One large-scale network have been presented. The UPFC model itself showed to be very flexible, it takes in to account the various UPFC operating modes.
UPFC is able to control active and reactive power flow in transmission line.
Power Flow Control In A Transmission Line Using Unified Power Flow ControllerIJMER
This paper concentrates on FACT device UPFC which is used for powerflow control in the
transmission side. With the growing demand of electricity, it is not possible to erect new lines to face the
situation. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) makes use of the thyristor controlled devices and optimally
utilizes the existing transmission network. One of such device is Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) on
which the emphasis is given in this present work. Real, reactive power, and voltage balance of the unified
power-flow control (UPFC) system is analyzed. A novel coordination controller is proposed for the UPFC.
The basic control method is such that the shunt converter controls the transmission line reactive power
flow and the dc-link voltage. The series converter controls the real power flow in the transmission line and
the UPFC bus voltages. Experimental works have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the
UPFC in power flow control in the transmission line. The simulation model was done in
MATLAB/SIMULINK platform.
USING SSSC & STATCOM --IMPROVE TRANSIENT STABILITY--P & Q OSICALLATIONSIJSRD
In a deregulated power system, the electric power demand is extending ordinary which may lead to overloads and loss of generation. Transient stability studies put a fundamental part in power systems, which give information related to the capacity of a power structure to stay in synchronism during major disturbances resulting from either the loss of generation or transmission facilities, sudden or sustained changes. The examination of transient quality is discriminating to work the power structure more secure and this paper focuses on growing the transient relentlessness using FACTS devices like Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). These FACTS contraptions are in a perfect world set on transmission structure using Sensitivity approach framework.
Abstract:-This paper deals with open loop study of fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor (FC-TCR) system simulation using Matlab/Simulink for various loading. The modelling of the FC-TCR is verified using the Matlab/Simulink. First power flow results are obtained and power profile have been studied for an uncompensated then results are compared with the results obtained after compensating using the FC-TCR.Its observed that current drawn by FC-TCR is varied by changing firing angle. In compensation without FC-TCR, load increases and power factor become less and in compensation with FC-TCR, load increases and power factor become near to the unity.Hence by providing compensation Voltage, power profile of system will be improved and system losses are reduced.
Comparison of Shunt Facts Devices for the Improvement of Transient Stability ...IJSRD
This paper presents, the performance of STATCOM placed at midpoint of the two machine power system and compared with the performance of SVC. The comparison of various results found for the different type of faults (single line, double line & three phase fault) occur in long transmission line, and their removal by using shunt FACTS devices is analysed. Computer simulation results under a severe disturbance condition (three phase fault) for different fault clearing times, and different line lengths are analyzed. Both controllers are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results shows that the STATCOM with conventional PI controller installed with two machine three bus systems provides better damping oscillation characteristics in rotor angle as compared to two machine power system installed with SVC. The transient stability of two machine system installed with STATCOM has been improved considerably and post settling time of the system after facing disturbance is also improved.
A High Performance PWM Voltage Source Inverter Used for VAR Compensation and ...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Optimal Load flow control using UPFC methodNishant Kumar
One large-scale network have been presented. The UPFC model itself showed to be very flexible, it takes in to account the various UPFC operating modes.
UPFC is able to control active and reactive power flow in transmission line.
Power Flow Control In A Transmission Line Using Unified Power Flow ControllerIJMER
This paper concentrates on FACT device UPFC which is used for powerflow control in the
transmission side. With the growing demand of electricity, it is not possible to erect new lines to face the
situation. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) makes use of the thyristor controlled devices and optimally
utilizes the existing transmission network. One of such device is Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) on
which the emphasis is given in this present work. Real, reactive power, and voltage balance of the unified
power-flow control (UPFC) system is analyzed. A novel coordination controller is proposed for the UPFC.
The basic control method is such that the shunt converter controls the transmission line reactive power
flow and the dc-link voltage. The series converter controls the real power flow in the transmission line and
the UPFC bus voltages. Experimental works have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the
UPFC in power flow control in the transmission line. The simulation model was done in
MATLAB/SIMULINK platform.
USING SSSC & STATCOM --IMPROVE TRANSIENT STABILITY--P & Q OSICALLATIONSIJSRD
In a deregulated power system, the electric power demand is extending ordinary which may lead to overloads and loss of generation. Transient stability studies put a fundamental part in power systems, which give information related to the capacity of a power structure to stay in synchronism during major disturbances resulting from either the loss of generation or transmission facilities, sudden or sustained changes. The examination of transient quality is discriminating to work the power structure more secure and this paper focuses on growing the transient relentlessness using FACTS devices like Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). These FACTS contraptions are in a perfect world set on transmission structure using Sensitivity approach framework.
Abstract:-This paper deals with open loop study of fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor (FC-TCR) system simulation using Matlab/Simulink for various loading. The modelling of the FC-TCR is verified using the Matlab/Simulink. First power flow results are obtained and power profile have been studied for an uncompensated then results are compared with the results obtained after compensating using the FC-TCR.Its observed that current drawn by FC-TCR is varied by changing firing angle. In compensation without FC-TCR, load increases and power factor become less and in compensation with FC-TCR, load increases and power factor become near to the unity.Hence by providing compensation Voltage, power profile of system will be improved and system losses are reduced.
Comparison of Shunt Facts Devices for the Improvement of Transient Stability ...IJSRD
This paper presents, the performance of STATCOM placed at midpoint of the two machine power system and compared with the performance of SVC. The comparison of various results found for the different type of faults (single line, double line & three phase fault) occur in long transmission line, and their removal by using shunt FACTS devices is analysed. Computer simulation results under a severe disturbance condition (three phase fault) for different fault clearing times, and different line lengths are analyzed. Both controllers are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results shows that the STATCOM with conventional PI controller installed with two machine three bus systems provides better damping oscillation characteristics in rotor angle as compared to two machine power system installed with SVC. The transient stability of two machine system installed with STATCOM has been improved considerably and post settling time of the system after facing disturbance is also improved.
A High Performance PWM Voltage Source Inverter Used for VAR Compensation and ...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
The electricity supply industry is undergoing a profound transformation worldwide. Market forces, scarcer natural resources, and an ever-increasing demand for electricity are some of the drivers responsible for such unprecedented change. Against this background of rapid evolution, the expansion programs of many utilities are being thwarted by a variety of well-founded, environment, land-use, and regulatory pressures that prevent the licensing and building of new transmission lines and electricity generating plants.
The electricity supply industry is undergoing a profound transformation worldwide. Market forces, scarcer natural resources, and an ever-increasing demand for electricity are some of the drivers responsible for such unprecedented change. Against this background of rapid evolution, the expansion programs of many utilities are being thwarted by a variety of well-founded, environment, land-use, and regulatory pressures that prevent the licensing and building of new transmission lines and electricity generating plants.
NEW STATCOM CONTROL SCHEME FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN WIND FARM.sannuthi yaramapu
Now a days we are facing so many problems with power quality issues. So in order to mitigate these problems and to improve the power quality we are using new STATCOM control scheme in wind farm.
Injection of the wind power into an electric grid affects the power quality. The performance of the wind turbine and thereby power quality are determined on the basis of measurements and the norms followed according to the guideline specified in International Electro-technical Commission standard, IEC-61400. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to national/international guidelines. The paper study demonstrates the power quality problem due to installation of wind turbine with the grid. In this proposed scheme STATic COMpensator (STATCOM) is connected at a point of common coupling with a battery energy storage system (BESS) to mitigate the power quality issues. The battery energy storage is integrated to sustain the real power source under fluctuating wind power. The STATCOM control scheme for the grid connected wind energy generation system for power quality improvement is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme relives the main supply source from the reactive power demand of the load and the induction generator. The development of the grid co-ordination rule and the scheme for improvement in power quality norms as per IEC-standard on the grid has been presented.
POWER SYSTEM STABILITY OF MULTI MACHINE BY USING STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES CO...ijiert bestjournal
In this paper the problem of modeling and simulati on of voltage stability is improved using Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). Due t o the continuous demand in electric power system,the system is heavily loaded,this ca uses to voltage instability. In this work,a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is use d to minimize the effect of this device in controlling active and reactive powers as well as d amping power system oscillations in transient mode. The PI controller is used to achiev e the zero signal error. The result is obtained from simulation using MATLAB. In short whe n any disturbances occur in transmission line,if SSSC is connected then distur bance in the system is minimized & system will reach the steady state condition very quickly.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Comparison of Shunt Facts Devices for the Improvement of Transient Stability ...IJSRD
This paper presents, the performance of STATCOM placed at midpoint of the two machine power system and compared with the performance of SVC. The comparison of various results found for the different type of faults (single line, double line & three phase fault) occur in long transmission line, and their removal by using shunt FACTS devices is analysed. Computer simulation results under a severe disturbance condition (three phase fault) for different fault clearing times, and different line lengths are analyzed. Both controllers are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results shows that the STATCOM with conventional PI controller installed with two machine three bus systems provides better damping oscillation characteristics in rotor angle as compared to two machine power system installed with SVC. The transient stability of two machine system installed with STATCOM has been improved considerably and post settling time of the system after facing disturbance is also improved.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
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Aerospace Engineering.
Power System Stability Enhancement Using FLC and MPC for STATCOMIJERA Editor
In modern power system, Static Compensator (STATCOM) is used to alleviate the transient stability problem
and damping power system oscillations. In this paper different STATCOM control scheme using fuzzy logic
controller (FLC) and model predictive controller (MPC) for the Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system in
improving transient stability is simulated using MATLAB/ Simulink in power systems block set. PI, FLC and
MPC signals are used to control and exchange the required reactive power among the STATCOM and the power
grid. A load disturbance is simulated and the behavior of the system for voltage fluctuations has been studied.
Simulation results using Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Model
Predictive Controller (MPC) have been compared. The effectiveness of the different controllers in damping
oscillations and improving power system stability has been discussed.
Power System Stability Enhancement Using FLC and MPC for STATCOMIJERA Editor
In modern power system, Static Compensator (STATCOM) is used to alleviate the transient stability problem
and damping power system oscillations. In this paper different STATCOM control scheme using fuzzy logic
controller (FLC) and model predictive controller (MPC) for the Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system in
improving transient stability is simulated using MATLAB/ Simulink in power systems block set. PI, FLC and
MPC signals are used to control and exchange the required reactive power among the STATCOM and the power
grid. A load disturbance is simulated and the behavior of the system for voltage fluctuations has been studied.
Simulation results using Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Model
Predictive Controller (MPC) have been compared. The effectiveness of the different controllers in damping
oscillations and improving power system stability has been discussed.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Efficacy of Facts in Power Oscillation Damping and Renewable IntegrationIOSRJEEE
This paper discusses about the approach towards effective power oscillation damping, root causes for the genesis of power oscillation and various methodologies adopted to eradicate it.This paper presents an unified approach of FACTS controller installation in order to ensure effective power oscillation damping. The power oscillations, if not controlled within time, may aggravate the entire power system’s functioning and ultimate outcome as blackout. The network congestion has been a matter of serious concern to utility operations due to classical transmission corridors and inadequate controllers’ deployment. The necessity of system regulations demands an adequate controller for matching the power requirement variability and this has been demonstrated with STATCOM control feature. This controller enhances the Available Transfer Capability along with security and reliability. IEEE 14 Bus system is simulated and studied with various scenarios with the help of MATLAB and PSAT to identify various complexities and to resolve these issues so as to enhance the ATC, reliability and security
Static Sustenance of Power System Stability Using FLC Based UPFC in SMIB Powe...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Transient stability in power system is vital to be addressed due to large disturbances that could damage the system such as load changes and voltage increases. This paper presents a multi-machine transient stability using the Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). SSSC is a device that is connected in series with the power transmission line and produces controllable voltage which contribute to a better performance in the power system stability. As a result, this research has observed a comparison of the synchronization of a three-phase system during single-phase faults before and after installing the SSSC device. In addition, this research investigates the ability of three different types of controllers i.e. Proportional Integral (PI), Proportional Integral Derivation (PID), and Generic controllers to be added to the SSSC improve the transient stability as it cannot operate by itself. This is because the improvement is too small and not able to achieve the desired output. The task presented is to improve the synchronization of the system and time taken for the voltage to stabilize due to the fault. The simulation result shows that the SSSC with an additional controller can improve the stability of a multi-machine power system in a single phase fault.
Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static Synchronous Series Compensato...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Optimal Location of Statcom for Power Flow ControlIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Real-Time simulation of static synchronous condenser for compensation of reac...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a real time simulation stability of power system by static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), also known as astatic synchronous condenser (STATCON) in modern platform real-time simulator named (RT-LAB) using the latest INTEL quad-core processors to simulate a relatively large power system In our work, We have to study the problem of controlling voltage and reactive power in electric system by STATCOM. All the simulations for the above work have been carried out using MATLAB/Simulink and RT-LAB. Various simulations have given very satisfactory results and we have successfully improved the voltage by injecting a FACTS device, which is the STATCOM, the Studies and comparisons of real-time simulation results of the power system without and with STATCOM connected illustrate the effectiveness and capability of STATCOM in improving voltage stability in the power system.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
AKS UNIVERSITY Satna Final Year Project By OM Hardaha.pdf
Active Reactive Power Flow Control Using Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC)
1. IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 7, Issue 6 (Sep. - Oct. 2013), PP 59-71
www.iosrjournals.org
www.iosrjournals.org 59 | Page
Active Reactive Power Flow Control Using Static Synchronous
Series Compensator (SSSC)
Prashant Dhoble1
, Arti Bhandakkar2
1
M. Tech IV Semester (Power System) Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering S.R.I.T Jabalpur,
R.G.P.V University-Bhopal, India
2
Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering S.R.I.T Jabalpur, R.G.P.V
University-Bhopal, India
Abstract: In present scenario, the performance of power systems decreases with the size, the loading and the
complexity of the system networks. This is related to problems with power oscillations, large power flow and
voltage instability with inadequate control, so the power flow control plays a major role in power systems. In
this paper SSSC series FACTS device are regulates system voltage by absorbing or generating reactive
power and the control of active, reactive power flow and voltage well as damping power system oscillations in
long transmission line. In this paper results of SSSC series FACT device compared with the STATCOM shunt
FACT device and Simulation studies were carried out in the MATLAB simulation environment to observe the
compensation achieved by the SSSC device. The system parameters such as voltage, current, active power and
reactive power transmissions are observed when the SSSC, STATCOM device is connected to the power system.
For the simulation purpose, the model of two-area four-machine 11-bus system with SSSC and STATCOM
device is developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK using Simpower System (SPS) blockset.
Keywords: FACT Device, SSSC, STATCOM, Power Oscillation Damping (POD) controller, Test system
model, MATLAB/SIMULINK, Modelling of SSSC, STATCOM
I. INTRODUCTION
For efficient and reliable operation of power system, the voltage and reactive power control must be
properly done to make voltage at all the buses within the acceptable limits [1]-[2]. Facts devices provide voltage
support at critical buses in the system (shunt connected controllers) and regulate power flow in critical
lines (with series connected controllers) [3]. The need for these power flow controllers capable of increasing
transmission capability and controlling power flows is increasing [4]. FACTS devices can regulate the
active and reactive power control as well as adaptive to voltage magnitude control simultaneously by their
fast control characteristics and their continuous compensating capability and so reduce flow of heavily loaded
lines and maintain voltages in desired level [5].
II. SSSC (STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES COMPENSATOR)
Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is one of the important members of FACTS family
which can be installed in series in the transmission lines. SSSC is very effective in controlling power flow in a
transmission line with the capability to change its reactance characteristic from capacitive to inductive [6].
Among all FACTS devices, static synchronous series compensators (SSSC) plays much more important
role in reactive power compensation and voltage support because of its attractive steady state
performance and operating characteristics [7]-[8]. The SSSC using a voltage source converter to inject a
controllable voltage in quadrature with the line current of a power network is able to rapidly provide both
capacitive and inductive impedance compensation independent of the power line current[9]-[14]. The SSSC
injects a voltage Vs in series with the transmission line where it is connected [15].
Fig. 1. Single line diagram of SSSC Configuration [15].
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III. STATCOM (STATIC SYNCHRONOUS COMPENSATOR)
Static synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) is member of FACTS family that is connected in shunt
with the system [16],[17]. The STATCOM regulates voltage at its terminal by controlling the amount of reactive
power injected into or absorbed from the power system. When system voltage is low, the STATCOM generates
reactive power (STATCOM capacitive). When system voltage is high, it absorbs reactive power (STATCOM
inductive) [15]. The variation of reactive power is performed by means of a Voltage-Sourced Converter (VSC)
connected on the secondary side of a coupling transformer. The VSC uses forced-commutated power electronic
devices (GTOs, IGBTs or IGCTs) to synthesize a voltage V2 from a DC voltage source. The principle of
operation of the STATCOM is explained on the figure below showing the active and reactive power transfer
between a source V1 and a source V2. In this figure 2, V1 represents the system voltage to be controlled and V2
is the voltage generated by the VSC [15].
Fig. 2. STATCOM configuration connected with system bus [15].
P = (V1V2) Sinδ / X (1)
Q = V1(V1 – V2 Cosδ) / X (2)
Where, V1,V2 = Line to line voltage of sources 1 and source 2
X = reactance of interconnected transformer and filters
δ = phase angle of V1 with respect to V2
In steady state operation, the voltage V2 generated by the VSC is in phase with V1 (δ=0), so that only reactive
power is flowing (P=0). If V2 is lower than V1, Q is flowing from V1 to V2 (STATCOM is absorbing reactive
power). On the reverse, if V2 is higher than V1, Q is flowing from V2 to V1 (STATCOM is generating reactive
power). The amount of reactive power is given by [15]
Q = V1(V1 – V2 ) / X (3)
To improve the voltage stability and the damping of oscillations in power systems, supplementary control
techniques can be applied to existing devices. These supplementary actions are referred to as voltage stability
and power oscillation damping (POD) control. In this work, voltage stability and POD control has been applied
to Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) [18]. To improve the voltage stability and the damping of
oscillations in power systems, supplementary control laws can be applied to existing devices. These
supplementary actions are referred to as voltage stability and power oscillation damping (POD) control. In this
work, voltage stability and POD control has been applied to Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC).The
SSSC using a voltage source converter to inject a controllable voltage in quadrature with the line current of a
power network is able to rapidly provide both capacitive and inductive impedance compensation independent of
the power line current [19]-[21].
IV. 11 BUS TEST SYSTEM MODEL WITH STATCOM
A multi machine power system with 11 bus two area test system, Area-1 and Area-2 system is used to
access the effectiveness of STATCOM model developed. Figure 3 shown the proposed single line diagram of 11
bus power system with installed STATCOM shunt FACT device at bus 8 has been considered.
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Fig. 3. Two-area power system with shunt FACT device STATCOM.
V. SIMULATION MODELLING OF 11 BUS TEST SYSTEM WITH STATCOM
All the relevant parameters are given in Appendix. The source voltages of 13.8kV are connected by a
290km transmission line through three-phase step-up transformers. The system consists of two output voltage of
transformer is 500KV equivalents, respectively 1000MVA and 4200MVA in each area, connected by a 290km
transmission line. The loads in each area having 30KW are so chosen that the real power flow on the
transmission line from area 1 to 2. The STATCOM used for this model is a phasor model. The load centre of
approximately 60KW is modelled where the active & reactive power absorbed by the load is a function of the
system voltage. The STATCOM model is operate at Voltage regulation mode only at this mode the reference
value of STATCOM voltage is set at 1pu, when VAR generation mode is disable then the reference value of
reactive power will be zero is shown in figure 4.
Fig. 4. Simulink model of 11 bus power system with STATCOM at bus 8 (For Voltage regulation mode only).
VI. SIMULATION MODELLING RESULTS OF STATCOM
The STATCOM internal control parameter is shown in figure 5. The reference value is representing by
magenta trace and measured value represent by yellow trace is shown in figure 6, figure 7. In this paper the
STATCOM is operated in voltage regulation mode only and obtained all the data in this mode is shown in
following figures.
Fig. 5. STATCOM control parameter block.
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Fig. 6. Graphically represented STATCOM control parameter Vabc, Iabc, Vdc
Fig. 7. Graphically represented STATCOM control parameter Id, Iq, Modulation Index.
The STATCOM shunt FACT device installed in two area 11 bus system to find out the active, reactive power
flow in all the buses, the power at bus B1,B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10, B11 is calculated, the variations
in total active, reactive power will be shown in figure 8, figure 9, figure 10 and figure 11.
Fig. 8. Control parameter blocks for Active power (P) of all buses and sum of total power at buses.
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Fig. 9. Graphically represent the Active power (P) of all buses and sum of total power at buses.
Fig. 10. Blocks of Control parameter for reactive power (Q) of all buses and sum of total power at buses.
Fig. 11. Graphically represent the reactive power (Q) of all buses and sum of total power at buses.
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Fig. 12. Blocks represent the voltage control by STATCOM Shunt FACT device at different buses and sum of
total voltage.
Fig. 13. Graphically represent the bus voltage control by STATCOM Shunt FACT device at different buses and
sum of total bus voltage.
Fig. 14. Blocks represent the Current control by STATCOM Shunt FACT device at different buses and sum of
total Current.
Fig. 15. Graphically represent the bus current control by STATCOM Shunt FACT device at different buses and
sum of total current.
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VII. TWO AREA 11 BUS TEST SYSTEM MODEL WITH SSSC
A multi machine power system with two-area 11-bus test system model, Area-1 and Area-2 system is
used to access the effectiveness of SSSC model developed. Figure 16 show the proposed single line diagram of
11 bus power system with installed SSSC Fact device has been considered. The SSSC Series Fact device is
connected between the bus 9 and bus 10. The G1, G2, G3, G4 represent the generators and T1, T2, T3, T4
represent the transformers. The power flow in the 290km transmission systems is split-up in to two segments
having a length of 110km, 25km and 10km respectively in both areas.
Fig. 16. Two-area power systems with series FACT device SSSC.
VIII. SIMULATION MODELLING OF 11 BUS TEST SYSTEM WITH SSSC
All the relevant parameters are given in Appendix. The source voltages of 13.8kV are connected by a
290km transmission line through three-phase step-up transformers. The system consists of two output voltage of
transformer is 500KV equivalents, respectively 1000MVA and 4200MVA in each area, connected by a 290km
transmission line. The loads in each area having 30KW are so chosen that the real power flow on the
transmission line from area 1 to 2. The SSSC used for this model is a phasor model. The load centre of
approximately 60KW is modelled where the active & reactive power absorbed by the load is a function of the
system voltage. The POD controller is used to reduce the oscillations in the system when it is ON and generate
the Vref signal to operate the SSSC is shown in figure 17. All the data of SSSC is calculated at ON status of
POD controller. The SSSC is initially regulate from t = 0sec to 2sec after that at t = 2sec to t = 6sec SSSC
operate in inductive mode and absorb the power is shown in figure 19, at t = 6sec to t = 10sec SSSC operate in
capacitive mode and supplies the power flow is shown in figure 21.
Fig. 17. Simulink model of 11 bus power system with SSSC at bus 8. (POD status-ON)
IX. SIMULATION MODELLING RESULTS OF SSSC
The SSSC series FACT device having a internal control block parameter is shown in figure 18. The
quadrature voltage Vqinj injected with reference to reference quadrature voltage of SSSC is Vqref. Initially
SSSC regulated from t=0s to 2s, Vqref is set to -0.08 pu (SSSC inductive); then at t=6s,Vqref is set to 0.08 pu
(SSSC capacitive). The graphically represented the modulation index and quadrature voltages of SSSC are
shown in figure 19.
Fig. 18. SSSC control parameter.
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Fig. 19. Graphically represented SSSC control parameter.
The SSSC series FACT device installed in 11 bus system to control the active power flow in all the buses, the
power at bus B1,B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10, B11 and Bsssc, is calculated and total power will be
improved by SSSC is 62.02MW is show in figure 20 and figure 21.
Fig. 20. Block of Control parameter for Active power (P) of all buses and sum of total power at buses.
Fig. 21. Graphically represent the Active power (P) of all buses and sum of total power at buses.
The Reactive power flow control by SSSC at all the buses, the total power will be improved by SSSC
1723MVA in capacitive mode is shown in figure 22 and figure 23. (Block representation and graphical output)
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Fig. 22. Blocks of Control parameter for reactive power (Q) of all buses and sum of total power at buses.
Fig. 23. Graphically represent the reactive power (Q) of all buses and sum of total power at buses.
Fig. 24. Blocks represent the voltage control by SSSC Series FACT device at different buses and sum of total
voltage.
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Fig. 25. Graphically represent the bus voltage control by SSSC Series FACT device at different buses and sum
of total voltage.
Fig. 26. Blocks represent the Current control by SSSC Series FACT device at different buses and sum of total
current.
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Fig. 27. Graphically represent the bus current control by SSSC Series FACT device at different buses and sum
of total current.
X. SUMMARY OF SIMULATED RESULTS
The performance of the series, shunt FACT Devices (SSSC and STATCOM) model are compared
and analyzed, by analyzing series connected SSSC can better improved the power that is active, reactive power
flow control and voltage is improved in the two area power system network, the total bus power is P =
62.02MW, Q =1722.94MVA and V = 9.37KV as compared to shunt connected STATCOM, the total bus power
is P = -17.61MW, Q =778.17MVA and V = 8.133KV. All the SSSC connected system data obtained at POD
status ON condition and STATCOM connected system data obtain for voltage regulation mode only. According
to the result it was observed that the SSSC are more effective in power system to power flow control and
voltage improvement, all the bus data of P,Q,V and I is shown in table 1.
Table 1 Comparison between STATCOM and SSSC for P, Q, V and I.
XI. Appendix
A complete list of parameters used appears in the default options of Simpower Systems toolbox of
MATLAB in the above block diagram model. All data are in p.u. unless specified otherwise.
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XII. CONCLUSION
In this paper, present a detailed analysis of SSSC series and STATCOM shunt FACT devices and gives a
concise idea and focusing on the best device for active, reactive power flow and voltage control in power system.
A systematic procedure for modeling and simulink of SSSC and STATCOM device used for improvement on
active, reactive power flow control was investigated in a two-area four-machine 11-bus test system model. A
simulation result were obtained in the environment of MATLAB/SIMULINK model of a two-area system with
SSSC and STATCOM FACT device, when SSSC and STATCOM device are placed at the area-2 of the
transmission line. The simulation results reveal that the SSSC device with power oscillation damping (POD)
controller are more effective and betterly improve the active, reactive power flow and voltage control in a power
system as compared to STATCOM device.
Acknowledgements
I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my guide Mrs.
Arti Bhandkkar Associate Professor S.R.I.T Jabalpur, for his guidance, monitoring and constant
encouragement throughout the course of this thesis, She inspired us greatly to work in this thesis. The
blessing, help and guidance given by him time to time. We also would like to thank her for showing us some
example that related to the topic of our.
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