This document provides a summary of Spanish grammar concepts. It begins with an overview of uses of the verbs "estar" and "ser". It then discusses verbs like "gustar", expressions using "hacer", irregular preterite verbs, and uses of "car, gar, zar" verbs. It also covers stem-changing verbs, commands, direct and indirect object pronouns, and impersonal "se" constructions. The document serves as a reference guide for different aspects of Spanish grammar.

1. Grammar Book Orquidea Plourde

2. Table Of Contents Estar Ser Verbs Like Gustar Hacer Expressions El Preterito Trigger Words Cars, Gars, y Zars Cucaracha Verbs Snakes Snakey Verbs Mandatos DOPs IOPs Se impersonal

4. It is used in the following forms  HELPING

6. Origin- De donde es?

7. Characteristics- Como es?

8. Time- Que hora es?

9. Occupation- Que hace?

10. Relationships- Quien es?

11. Possession- De quien es?

12. Events- Cuando/Donde es?

13. Dates- Que dia es hoy? Cual es la fecha de hoy?/ Cuando es tu compleaÑos?“Ser” means to be as well, but is used in these forms  DOCTOR PED

15. Fascinar- the fascinate

16. Molestar- to bother

17. Ecantar- to love

18. Falter- to lack

19. Importar- to be important to

20. Disgustar- to disgust

22. I hurt my hear three days ago

23. Hace dos años que no vivo en la Francia.

25. I ate a pinapple yesterday. -ar é aste ó amos aron -er/ir í iste ió imos ieron

27. Una vez- one time/once

28. Esta tarde- this afternoon

29. Esta noche- tonight

30. Entonces- then

31. Desde el primar momento- from the first moment

32. Durante do siglos- during two centuries

33. En ese momento- in that moment/then

35. 10 Spock Verbs Irregular Preterites ser ir ver vi viste vio vimos vieron dar di diste dio dimos dieron ir/ser fui fuiste fue fuimos fueron dar ver hacer hacer hice hiceste hizo hicimos hicieron

36. Cucaracha Verbs Mas Preterito Irregulars Conjugated Beginnings -Anduv -Estuv -Pud -Pus -Quis -Sup -Tuv -Vin -Conduj -Produj- -Tranduj -Dij -Traj Infinitives -Andar -Estar -Poder -Poner -Querer -Saber -Tener -Vener -Conducir -Producir -Tranducir -Decir -Traer Endings - e (yo) -iste (tu) -o (el) -imos (nosotros) -isteis (vosotros) -ieron (ellos)

37. Snakes Stem Changing Verbs in the Preterite **Changes in third person Dormir Pedir

38. Snakeys Stem Changing Verbs in the Preterite **change the “i” to a “y” in the 3rd person Leer Creer Oir

40. 15 Irregular Commands T V D I S H E S tener- tenga venir- venga dar- de ir- vaya ser- sea hacer- haga estar- este saber- sepa

41. DOPs **receives direct action of the verb lo, la, los, las (singular, feminine versus masculine) If the verb is an: - infinitive - affirmative command - gerund the the DOP is hooked on at the end of the verb If the verb isn’t any of those, than the DOP comes before the conjugated verb Example Drink the water. Bebala (Beba is your affirmative command verb. Water (agua) then changes to la and is hooked on “beba”. Example I ate the apple. La comi. (Comi is your preterite verb for “i ate”. “Unamanzana” (apple) changes to la and is placed before the verb.

42. 17 IOPs **answers the question of “to whom or for whom?” me te le nos os les Examples I gave it to her. (“it” is the DOP, “her” is the IOP. So, “it” will change to lo, and “her” will change to le. However, because the rule stating you can’t have “le lo”, le changes to se. Se lo di. Give it to him. (“it is the DOP, “him” is the IOP. So, “it” will change to lo, and “him” will change to se. Because “give” is an affirmative command, both the IO and DO are hooked on to the end of the verb. Déselo If the verb is an: - infinitive - affirmative command - gerund the the IOP is hooked on at the end of the verb, just like the DOP. When this happens, an accent is added to the third to last syllable. *when you have “le(s) lo”, change le(s) to se

43. Se Impersonal use “se’ to aviod specifying a person who is doing the action of the verb **when using se, the verb is always in the 3rd person **can be used in all tenses Example Se vendefruta en la fruteria. They are selling fruit in the cafeteria.