The document provides information on various Spanish grammar topics in 12 sections:
1. Nationalities, stem-changing verbs, pronouns, gustar, affirmative/negative words, and superlatives.
2. Affirmative and negative tu commands, irregular verbs, and pronoun placement.
3. Sequencing events and examples of using pronouns with infinitives and gerunds.
"Let's Marathon!" Why to motivate the re-use of audiovisual archives? Mariana Salgado
This presentation took place in NECS (European Network of Cinema and Media Studies) in Lodz, Poland (June, 2015). This is a summary of a full paper (forthcoming). It presents the argument that archivists and media scholars need to take on new practices, such as organizing hackathons or marathons, to facilitate the creative re-use of archival material. With these practices they could support the outreach of local communities and understand the nuances of reusing archival content to contextualize their records. In order to sustain this claim, I present one case study in which a group of international writers and video makers join forces to re-use audiovisual archive material in Helsinki, Finland. I unfold the limitations and opportunities that a one-day event presented to artists, archivists and media scholars, while collaborating and creatively re-using audiovisual archival material. The discussion uncovers issues pertaining to the facilitation of creative re-use as means for integration, the multicultural representation of the archives, the development of media literacy in collaborative processes and the challenges in the practice of legally reusing archival material.
Article describes the practical and human side of creating and running a virtual project team. Advice is based on interviews with people who run their business through virtual employees and partners.
To meet EU ErP requirements, IEC60969 Self-ballasted Lamps for General Lighting Services Performance requirements and Energy Star about Lamp Start, Run-up Time and Flicker Test.
4. O to UE (Contar) E to IE (Entender)
Cuento Contamos Entiendo Entendemos
Cuentas Contais Entiendes Entendeis
Cuenta Cuentan Entiende Entienden
E to I (Servir) U to UE (Jugar)
Sirvo Servimos Juego Jugamos
Sirves Servis Juegas Jugais
Sirve Sirvemos Juega Juegan
5. To indicate destination
To show how something is used
To indicate a recipient
To express a deadline or specific time
To express a contrast from what’s expected
To mean “in order to” or “for the purpose of”
6. Te (you
informal)
Le (you
Me (me) formal,
him, or her)
Sngular
IOP
Os (you
all
familiar)
Les
Nos (us)
(them)
Plural
IOP
7. Juan me da el dinero Juan gives me the money
Sara les compra un regalo Sara buys them a gift
Trudy me dice un relato Trudy tells me a story
El mesero les da el menu The waiter gives them
the menu
Nosotros les dan la pelota We give them the ball
8. Attached to an • Suzie darle la lechuga
infinitive • Tim comprarme el arroz
Attached to a • Estoy mirandolo
gerund
Before a • Me despierto en mi cama
conjugated verb • Te acuestas a las once
9. Singular Gustar
Me gusta la plata Nos gusta plata
Te gusta la plata Os gusta la plata
Le gusta la plata Les gusta la plata
Plural Gustar
Me gustan las ideas Nos gustan las
ideas
Te gustan las ideas Os gustan las
ideas
Le gustan las ideas Les gustan las
ideas
10. Algo Alguien
Nada (Nothing) Nadie (No one)
(Something) (Someone)
Algun/alguno(a) Siempre Ningun/Ninguno(a)
Nunca (Never)
(Some) (Always) (None, Not any)
Tampoco (Neither,
Tambien (Also) Either)
11. Adjectives and adverbs
Equivalent to extremely or
ending in c, g, or z change Adjectives that end in n or r
very before an adjective or
spelling to qu, gu, and c form by adding cisimo/a
adverb
respectively
• Malo > Malisimo • Rico > Riquisimo • Joven > jovencisimo
• Muchas > Muchisimas • Feliz > Felicismo • Trabajador >
• Dificil > Dificilismo • Larga > Larguisima Trabajadorcisimo
12. In reflexive verbs, the subject is always the
object
2. Add the
1. Conjugate reflexive
How to form
verb (o, as, a, pronouns (me,
reflexive verbs
amos, ais, an) te, se, nos, os,
se)
Ex. Me despierto
13. Di Decir
Haz Hacer
Ve Ir
Pon Poner Put into 3rd
Sal Salir person Keep in tu form
Se Ser and drop s
Ten Tener
Ven Venir
When using a pronoun with an affirmative tu command, the pronoun
attaches to the end of the command
Ex. Cruza el parque > Cruzalo
14. Tener No tengas
Venir No vengas
Dar/decir No
des/digas
Ir No vayas 1. Put in yo form 2. Change vowell (e/I to
a and a to e)
3. Add s
Ser/salir No •Como •Coma •Comas
seas/salgas
Hacer No hagas
Estar No este’s
Saber No sepas
Object pronouns precede the verbs in negative commands, just
like other conjugated verbs
Ex. No lo uses (Don’t use it)
15. Primero Entonces
(First) (Then)
Antes de (Before) Despues de (After)
Luego Despues
(Later) (After) Por la
Los lunes, etc. (On
manana/tarde/noche
Mondays, etc.)
(in/during the (NO
Reoccurring
SPECIFIC TIME GIVEN))
Por fin
(Finally)
16. Ar Er/ Ir
ē amos ī imos
aste aron iste ieron
ō aron iō ieron
17. Un Día Una Vez Ayer A Noche Ya
One Day Once Yesterday At Night Already
Hace Un Año El Mues Anteayer Por Una Hora Por FIn
Puesado
A Year Ago Last Month Day Before For One Hour FInally
Yesterday
A Las Ocho EL Cinco De Dos Veces
Febrero
At Night On February Fifth Twice
18. Ending in - Turns to - Ending in - Turns to -
car qué gar gué
Tocar
Ending in Turns to - Toqué Tocamos
–zar cé
Tocaste Tocaron
Tocó Tocaron
19. Debo Debes Debe Debemos
Deben
Debo • Debo comer
• I should eat
Debemos
• Debemos comer
• We should eat
Debes • Debes comer
• You should eat
• Deben comer
Deben
Debe • Debe comer
• You (formal) should eat • They should eat
20. Conjugated verb + Infinitive
No puedo nadar Quieres cantar
• I can’t swim • You want to swim
Necesito trabajar Deben salir
• I need to work • They should leave
Suelo bailar
• I used to dance
Necesitamos correr
• We need to run
21. Ando/
Conjugate Estoy
d Estar iendo/ creyendo
yendo
Examples
Oyendo Jugando
Sabiendo Voyendo
Corriendo Cantando
Tocando Bailando
Use the three vowel rule to decide between iendo or yendo
22. If it ends in o, change it
If it ends in e, I, or z, just
Take an adjective to a and then add
add mente
mente
Adjective Reciente Fácil Feliz Rapido Lento
Adverb Recientemente Facilmente Felizmente Rapidamente Lentamente