The document provides an overview of key concepts related to government and political systems. It defines a state as a body of people living in a politically defined territory with the power to make and enforce laws without consent from a higher authority. Governments came about for several reasons, including forming a more perfect union and establishing justice. There are multiple theories for how governments originated, such as through force, evolution from simpler groups, divine right of rulers, or a social contract. Governments can be classified based on who holds power (democracy, dictatorship), the distribution of geographic power (unitary, federal, confederate), and the relationship between legislative and executive branches (presidential, parliamentary).

2. What is a state? The state —a body of , living in a organized and with the to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority PEOPLE POWER POLITICALLY DEFINED TERRITORY