The European Commission Health and Consumers Directorate – General has published draft “GUIDELINES ON THE FORMALISED RISK ASSESSMENT FOR ASCERTAINING THE APPROPRIATE GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR EXCIPIENTS OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE” for public consultation.
Following presentation has been prepared by " Drug regulations" a not for profit organization which provides free online resources for the Pharmaceutical Professional.
Expiry date , calculation of yields, production record review, change controlSantosh kumar
The responsibility of the pharmaceutical manufacturer is that the drug product should have the stated potency and therapeutic effectiveness till the end of the shelf life of the product This shelf life should be based on t
Role and requirements of excipients in pharmaceuticals. Summary of new EU guideline published in March 2015 concerning risk assessment of excipients and excipient manufacturers.
Expiry date , calculation of yields, production record review, change controlSantosh kumar
The responsibility of the pharmaceutical manufacturer is that the drug product should have the stated potency and therapeutic effectiveness till the end of the shelf life of the product This shelf life should be based on t
Role and requirements of excipients in pharmaceuticals. Summary of new EU guideline published in March 2015 concerning risk assessment of excipients and excipient manufacturers.
Role of quality systems and audits in pharmaceutical manufacturing environmentMalay Pandya
By regulation, appropriate practice, and common sense, quality assurance (QA) is a critical function in the pharmaceutical manufacturing environment. The need for an independent unit to audit and comment on the appropriate application of standard operating procedures, master batch records, procedures approved in product applications, and the proper functioning of the quality control (QC) unit is paramount.
This helps assure that products are manufactured reliably, with adherence to approved specifications, and that current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) are maintained in conformance to regulation, both in the facility in general and the microenvironment of each product ’s manufacturing sequence.
What is IPQC & IPQC Test
Appearance
Drug content determination
pH
Sensitivity test
Spreadability
Rate of absorption
Extrudability
Consistency Test
Rheology & Viscosity
Aseptic / sterile- “ A state of control attained by using an aseptic work area and performing activities in a manner that precludes microbiological contamination of the exposed sterile product”
This presentation contain introduction to Good Distribution Practices Guideline. and Legal GDP requirements put worldwide.
Good distribution practice (GDP) describes the minimum standards that a wholesale distributor must meet to ensure that the quality and integrity of medicines is maintained throughout the supply chain
Each participant in the distribution chain must agree by the relevant requirements in order to retain the original quality of pharmaceutical products.
Each activity in the distribution of pharmaceutical products shall be carried out according to the principles of Good Distribution Practices (GDP) as applicable.
The risks involved are likely to be of a nature comparable to those that are present in the industrial environment, such as mix-ups, adulteration, contamination, cross-contamination, and spurious.
The guideline addresses
Personnel
Quality System
Premises Warehousing and Storage
Documentation
Traceability
Complaints and Returns
Transportation
Analytical method validation as per ich and usp shreyas B R
Analytical method validation is a process of documenting/ proving that an analytical method provides analytical data acceptable for the intended use.After the development of an analytical procedure, it is must important to assure that the procedure will consistently produce the intended a precise result with high degree of accuracy. The method should give a specific result that may not be affected by external matters. This creates a requirement to validate the analytical procedures. The validation procedures consists of some characteristics parameters that makes the method acceptable with addition of statistical tools.
It is the documented act of proving that any procedure, process, equipment, material, activity or system actually leads to the expected result.
It is the confirmation by examination and the provision of objective evidence that the particular requirements for a specific intended use are fulfilled.
WHO has recently issued draft document titled "Guidelines on Validation". These guidelines (i.e., the main text included in this working document) cover the general principles of validation and qualification.
These guidelines focus mainly on the overall concept of validation and are not intended to be prescriptive in specific validation requirements. This document serves as general guidance only and the principles may be considered useful in its application in the manufacture and control of starting materials and finished pharmaceutical products (FPPs), as well as other areas. Validation of specific processes and systems, for example, in sterile product manufacture, requires much more consideration and a detailed approach that is beyond the scope of this document. The general text in this document may be applicable to validation and qualification of premises, equipment, utilities, systems, processes, and procedures.
The draft on the specific topics, the appendices to this main text, will follow. The following is an overview on the appendices that are intended to complement the text of this working document:
Appendix 1: Validation of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems - will be replaced by cross reference to WHO Guidelines on GMP for HVAC systems for considerations in qualification of HVAC systems (update - working document QAS/15.639/Rev. 1)
Appendix 2: Validation of water systems for pharmaceutical use - will be replaced by cross-reference to WHO Guidelines on water for pharmaceutical use for consideration in qualification of water purification systems
Appendix 3: Cleaning validation - consensus to retain
Appendix 4: Analytical method validation - update in process
Appendix 5: Validation of computerized systems - update in process
Appendix 6: Qualification of systems and equipment - update in process
Appendix 7: Non-sterile process validation - update already published as Annex 3, WHO Technical Report Series, No. 992, 2015
Comments on this draft document are due by July 12, 2016.
A presentation on this guidance is given below:
Presentation on New WHO Guidance on Validations
FDA’s emphasis on quality by design began with the recognition that increased testing does not improve product quality (this has long been recognized in other industries).In order for quality to increase, it must be built into the product. To do this requires understanding how formulation and manufacturing process variables influence product quality.Quality by Design (QbD) is a systematic approach to pharmaceutical development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management.
This presentation - Part V in the series- deals with the concepts of Control strategy and PAT. This presentation was compiled from material freely available from FDA , ICH , EMEA and other free resources on the world wide web.
A structured approach to the investigation process should be used with the objective of determining the root cause.
The level of effort, formality, and documentation of the investigation should be commensurate with the level of risk, in line with ICH Q9.
Role of quality systems and audits in pharmaceutical manufacturing environmentMalay Pandya
By regulation, appropriate practice, and common sense, quality assurance (QA) is a critical function in the pharmaceutical manufacturing environment. The need for an independent unit to audit and comment on the appropriate application of standard operating procedures, master batch records, procedures approved in product applications, and the proper functioning of the quality control (QC) unit is paramount.
This helps assure that products are manufactured reliably, with adherence to approved specifications, and that current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) are maintained in conformance to regulation, both in the facility in general and the microenvironment of each product ’s manufacturing sequence.
What is IPQC & IPQC Test
Appearance
Drug content determination
pH
Sensitivity test
Spreadability
Rate of absorption
Extrudability
Consistency Test
Rheology & Viscosity
Aseptic / sterile- “ A state of control attained by using an aseptic work area and performing activities in a manner that precludes microbiological contamination of the exposed sterile product”
This presentation contain introduction to Good Distribution Practices Guideline. and Legal GDP requirements put worldwide.
Good distribution practice (GDP) describes the minimum standards that a wholesale distributor must meet to ensure that the quality and integrity of medicines is maintained throughout the supply chain
Each participant in the distribution chain must agree by the relevant requirements in order to retain the original quality of pharmaceutical products.
Each activity in the distribution of pharmaceutical products shall be carried out according to the principles of Good Distribution Practices (GDP) as applicable.
The risks involved are likely to be of a nature comparable to those that are present in the industrial environment, such as mix-ups, adulteration, contamination, cross-contamination, and spurious.
The guideline addresses
Personnel
Quality System
Premises Warehousing and Storage
Documentation
Traceability
Complaints and Returns
Transportation
Analytical method validation as per ich and usp shreyas B R
Analytical method validation is a process of documenting/ proving that an analytical method provides analytical data acceptable for the intended use.After the development of an analytical procedure, it is must important to assure that the procedure will consistently produce the intended a precise result with high degree of accuracy. The method should give a specific result that may not be affected by external matters. This creates a requirement to validate the analytical procedures. The validation procedures consists of some characteristics parameters that makes the method acceptable with addition of statistical tools.
It is the documented act of proving that any procedure, process, equipment, material, activity or system actually leads to the expected result.
It is the confirmation by examination and the provision of objective evidence that the particular requirements for a specific intended use are fulfilled.
WHO has recently issued draft document titled "Guidelines on Validation". These guidelines (i.e., the main text included in this working document) cover the general principles of validation and qualification.
These guidelines focus mainly on the overall concept of validation and are not intended to be prescriptive in specific validation requirements. This document serves as general guidance only and the principles may be considered useful in its application in the manufacture and control of starting materials and finished pharmaceutical products (FPPs), as well as other areas. Validation of specific processes and systems, for example, in sterile product manufacture, requires much more consideration and a detailed approach that is beyond the scope of this document. The general text in this document may be applicable to validation and qualification of premises, equipment, utilities, systems, processes, and procedures.
The draft on the specific topics, the appendices to this main text, will follow. The following is an overview on the appendices that are intended to complement the text of this working document:
Appendix 1: Validation of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems - will be replaced by cross reference to WHO Guidelines on GMP for HVAC systems for considerations in qualification of HVAC systems (update - working document QAS/15.639/Rev. 1)
Appendix 2: Validation of water systems for pharmaceutical use - will be replaced by cross-reference to WHO Guidelines on water for pharmaceutical use for consideration in qualification of water purification systems
Appendix 3: Cleaning validation - consensus to retain
Appendix 4: Analytical method validation - update in process
Appendix 5: Validation of computerized systems - update in process
Appendix 6: Qualification of systems and equipment - update in process
Appendix 7: Non-sterile process validation - update already published as Annex 3, WHO Technical Report Series, No. 992, 2015
Comments on this draft document are due by July 12, 2016.
A presentation on this guidance is given below:
Presentation on New WHO Guidance on Validations
FDA’s emphasis on quality by design began with the recognition that increased testing does not improve product quality (this has long been recognized in other industries).In order for quality to increase, it must be built into the product. To do this requires understanding how formulation and manufacturing process variables influence product quality.Quality by Design (QbD) is a systematic approach to pharmaceutical development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management.
This presentation - Part V in the series- deals with the concepts of Control strategy and PAT. This presentation was compiled from material freely available from FDA , ICH , EMEA and other free resources on the world wide web.
A structured approach to the investigation process should be used with the objective of determining the root cause.
The level of effort, formality, and documentation of the investigation should be commensurate with the level of risk, in line with ICH Q9.
This presentation covers the manufacture and testing of all sterile drug products, including drugs that are sterilized by filtration or other means and aseptically processed, and drug products that are terminally sterilized. The type of products covered include sterile bulk drugs, ophthalmic drugs, otic dosage forms, small volume parenteral (SVS) products for small molecule and licensed biological
therapeutic drug products, large volume parenteral (LVP) products, and any other drug products required to be sterile or labeled as sterile. Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) regulated products and veterinary drug products are excluded from coverage under this program.
The guidance information is tailored to sterile manufacturing operations and should be used in conjunction with the Compliance Program for Drug Manufacturing Inspections (CP 7356.002).
201 regulatory aspects of drug and cosmetics .pdfBhavikaAPatel
regulatory aspects of drug and cosmetics
1. Regulatory Requirements for Registration of Drugs & Post Approval Requirements in WHO through Prequalification Program
2. FDA ORGANIZATION CHART
3. Marketing Authorization of EU for APPLICATION PROCEDURES
4. Global Countries Classification
5. Organization and structure of EMA&EDQMActive substance Master files IMPD
6. DRUG MASTER FILE in USA
It is of key importance that the quality and the integrity of the medicinal products are maintained during the entire supply chain from the manufacturer to the patient. Today’s distribution network for medicinal products is increasingly complex and involves many players. The revised guidelines, published today, lay down appropriate tools to assist wholesale distributors in conducting their activities and to prevent falsified medicines from entering the legal supply chain.
The revised guidelines introduce the following changes:
the maintenance of a quality system setting out responsibilities, processes and risk management principles in relation to wholesale activities;
suitable documentation which prevents errors from spoken communication;
sufficient competent personnel to carry out all the tasks for which the wholesale distributor is responsible;
adequate premises, installations and equipment so as to ensure proper storage and distribution of medicinal products;
appropriate management of complaints, returns, suspected falsified medicinal products and recalls;
outsourced activities correctly defined to avoid misunderstandings;
rules for transport in particular to protect medicinal products against breakage, adulteration and theft, and to ensure that temperature conditions are maintained within acceptable limits during transport;
Specific rules for brokers (person involved in activities in relation to the sale or purchase of medicinal products)
Drug Regulations has prepared a presentation summarizing the new GDP requirements for Medicinal Products.
It contains details rules and regulations /legislation of Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, Active Substance Masters File, Investigational Medicinal Product Dossier for European Union
The European Commission Health and Consumers Directorate – General has published a draft “GUIDELINES ON THE PRINCIPLES OF GOOD DISTRIBUTION PRACTICES FOR ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE”.
The guideline addresses Quality systems, Personnel, Documentation, Order, Procedures, Records, Premises and Equipment, Receipts, Storage , Deliveries to Customers, Transfer of Information and Returns.
Following presentation is prepared by “ Drug Regulations” a non profit organization which provides free online resource to the Pharmaceutical Professional.
In March 2011, the EMA and FDA launched a pilot program that aims at a parallel assessment by both agencies of certain quality/CMC sections which are relevant to Quality by Design (QbD). This voluntary pilot program is open. This presentation gives a summary of the FDA and EMA expectation for QbD submissions based on the pilot programme.
Similar to New EMA Requirements for Excipient GMP's (20)
This presentation highlights the reasons which lead to the withdrawal of the 2002 Guidance of the FDA and the current issue with Blend Uniformity and Content Uniformity Determinations.
Environmental Monitoring describes the microbiological testing under- taken in order to detect changing trends of microbial counts and micro- flora growth within cleanroom or controlled environments. The results obtained provide information about the physical construction of the room, the performance of the Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) system, personnel cleanliness, gowning practices, the equipment, and cleaning operations.
Over the past decade, environmental monitoring has become more sophisticated in moving from random sampling, using an imaginary grid over the room and testing in each grid, to the current focus on risk assessment and the use of risk assessment tools to determine the most appropriate methods for environmental monitoring.
This presentation gives current trends in the application of risk assessment to the practice of environmental monitoring.
This presentation is compiled from freely available resources like the websites of FDA, EMA ,WHO and research papers published by experts in this field like Sandle, T Reinmüller, B , Hyde, W,, Costello, E.K., Lauber, C. L., Hamady, M., Fierer, N., Gordon, J.I., Knight, R.
Paper published by T. Sandle on clean room contamination was referred extensively for this presentation. “Drug Regulations” is a non profit organization which provides free online resource to the Pharmaceutical Professional.
Visit http://www.drugregulations.org for latest information from the world of Pharmaceuticals.
This presentation gives an overview of : Validation of microbiological methods , Considering some of the limitations and
Key criteria that may be applicable for assessment.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
1. This presentation is compiled by “ Drug Regulations”
a non profit organization which provides free online
resource to the Pharmaceutical Professional.
Visit http://www.drugregulations.org for latest
information from the world of Pharmaceuticals.
9/17/2015 1
2. This presentation is compiled from freely
available resource like the website of EMA.
“Drug Regulations” is a non profit
organization which provides free online
resource to the Pharmaceutical Professional.
Visit http://www.drugregulations.org for
latest information from the world of
Pharmaceuticals.
9/17/2015 2
Drug Regulations : Online
Resource for Latest Information
3. Regulatory basis
Directive 2011/83/EC provides, in Article 46(f)
The holder of the manufacturing authorisation shall ensure that the
excipients are suitable for use in medicinal products by ascertaining what
the appropriate good manufacturing practice is.
This shall be ascertained on the basis of a formalised risk assessment in
accordance with the applicable guidelines referred to in the fifth paragraph
of Article 47.
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information. 3
4. Regulatory basis
Such risk assessment shall take into account requirements under other
appropriate quality systems as well as the source and intended use of the
excipients and previous instances of quality defects.
The holder of the manufacturing authorisation shall ensure that the
appropriate good manufacturing practice so ascertained, is applied.
The holder of the manufacturing authorisation shall document the measures
taken under this paragraph
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information. 4
5. Regulatory basis
The fifth paragraph of Article 47 of Directive 2001/83/EC.
The Commission shall adopt guidelines on the formalised risk
assessment for ascertaining the appropriate good
manufacturing practice for excipients referred to in the second
paragraph of point (f) of Article 46
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information. 5
6. EUROPEAN COMMISSION HEALTH AND CONSUMERS DIRECTORATE-
GENERAL has issued a draft “GUIDELINES ON THE FORMALISED RISK
ASSESSMENT FOR ASCERTAINING THE APPROPRIATE GOOD
MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR EXCIPIENTS OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
FOR HUMAN USE”
Draft published on February 6th , 2013.
Open for comments till April 30th , 2013.
Final Guidance published in March 2015
6
7. Manufacturing Authorisation Holder should incorporate
excipient risk assessment/risk management procedure in the
Quality Management System.
Risk assessment/management documentation for appropriate
GMP for excipients should be available on site.
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information.
7
8. Use tools listed in
◦ EudraLex Volume 4, Guidelines for G M P , Medicinal Products for Human
and Veterinary Use, Part III: GMP Documents
◦ Quality Risk Management guidelines (ICHQ9)
Assess the risks presented to the quality, safety and function
Classify the excipient as “low risk”, “medium risk” or “high risk.
Use tools like Hazard analysis and Critical point analysis
Refer following links for additional information
◦ Quality Risk Management
◦ Quality Risk Managment : Basic Concept
◦ Basic Risk Facilitaation Methods.
◦ FMEA
8
9. Identify the risks presented to the quality, safety and
function of each excipient from its source :
◦ Animal
◦ Mineral
◦ Vegetable
◦ Synthetic
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information.
9
10. Evaluate risk w r t
◦ Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy
◦ Potential for viral contamination
◦ Potential for microbiological or endotoxin/pyrogen contamination
◦ Potential, in general, for any impurity originating from the raw materials
Aflatoxins,
Pesticides
Generated as part of the process and carried over (e.g. residual
solvents and catalysts
10
11. Evaluate risk w r t
◦ Sterility assurance (for excipients claimed to be sterile)
◦ Potential for impurities in the absence of use of dedicated equipment
and/or facilities
◦ Environmental controls
◦ Storage conditions / transportation conditions
◦ Cold storage management
◦ Supply chain complexity
◦ Stability of excipient
◦ Packaging integrity evidence
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information.11
12. Evaluate risk with respect to function of the excipient
◦ The pharmaceutical form and use of the medicinal product containing
the excipient (e.g. ointment product, injection/infusion etc.)
◦ The function of the excipient in the formulation (e.g. lubricant in a tablet
product or preservative material in a liquid formulation etc.)
◦ Proportion of excipient in the medicinal product
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information.
12
13. Evaluate risk with respect to function of the excipient
◦ Any known quality defects/fraudulent adulterations, both globally and at
a local company level related to the excipient;
◦ Whether the excipient is a composite;
◦ Known or potential impact on the critical quality attributes of the
medicinal product;
◦ Other factors as identified or known to be relevant to assuring patient
safety.
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information.
13
14. Document the risk profile of the excipient
Establish the elements of EU-GMP needed to be in place in
order to control and maintain the quality of the excipient.
◦ EU-GMP, Part I, Annex 1 and Annex 2, Part II etc
GMP needed will vary depending on the source, the supply
chain and the subsequent use of the excipient
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information.
14
15. As a minimum the following high level GMP principles
should be considered:
◦ Establishment and implementation of an effective
Pharmaceutical Quality system
◦ Sufficiently competent and appropriately qualified personnel
◦ Defined job descriptions for managerial and supervisory
staff responsible for manufacturing and quality activities
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information.
15
16. As a minimum the following high level GMP principles
should be considered:
◦ Training programmes for all staff involved in manufacturing
and quality Activities
◦ Training programmes related to health, hygiene and clothing
◦ Provision and maintenance of premises and equipment
appropriate to the intended operations
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information.16
17. As a minimum the following high level GMP principles should be
considered:
◦ Documentation system(s) covering all processes
◦ Specifications for the various manufacturing and quality operations
◦ Qualification programme for suppliers
◦ System for quality control of the excipient and a responsible person
independent from production to release the batches;
Visit Drug Regulations for Latest Information.
17
18. As a minimum the following high level GMP principles should be
considered:
◦ Retention of records for incoming materials and excipients and retention
of samples of excipients for the periods required by EudraLex Volume 4,
Part II;
◦ Systems to ensure that any activity contracted out is subject to a written
contract;
◦ Maintenance of an effective system whereby complaints are reviewed
and excipients may be recalled;
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19. As a minimum the following high level GMP
principles should be considered:
◦ Change management and deviation management
system;
◦ Self-inspection program;
◦ Environmental control and storage conditions.
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20. Preform a gap analysis of the required GMP against the
activities and capabilities of the excipient manufacturer
Obtain data / evidence for above through audit or from
information received from the excipient manufacturer
Consider Quality system certification or accreditation of the
excipient manufacturer
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21. Document the identified gaps between the required GMP and the activities
and capabilities of the excipient manufacturer
Perform a further risk assessment to determine the risk profile for that
excipient manufacturer as
◦ Low risk,
◦ Medium risk or
◦ High risk
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22. Use the Quality Risk Management guidelines (ICHQ9) – EU GMP to
classify the risk profile of the excipient manufacturer.
Quality risk management tools such as those listed in there (HACCP etc.)
should be used for this.
Implement a series of risk mitigation strategies ranging for the different
risk profiles from acceptance through control to unacceptable
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23. Establish a control strategy based on
◦ Audit
◦ Document retrieval
◦ Testing
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24. Perform on-going risk review based on
◦ Number of defects on received batches of excipients
◦ Type/severity of defects on excipients
◦ Monitoring and trend analysis of excipient quality;
◦ Loss of relevant quality system accreditation by excipient
manufacturer
◦ Observation of trends in drug product quality attributes (this will
depend on the nature and role of excipient)
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25. Perform on-going risk review based on
◦ Observed organisational, procedural or
technical/process changes at the excipient
manufacturer;
◦ Audit (re-audit) of excipient manufacturer
◦ Questioners.
◦
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26. Perform on-going risk review based on
◦ Based on the outcome of the risk review, the established
control strategy should be reviewed and revised if needed.
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26
27. This presentation is compiled from freely
available resource like the website of EMA.
“Drug Regulations” is a non profit
organization which provides free online
resource to the Pharmaceutical Professional.
Visit http://www.drugregulations.org for
latest information from the world of
Pharmaceuticals.
9/17/2015 27
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