General & Special Senses

General & Special Senses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Chapter objectives:

Classification of Sensory System by structural Complexity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sensory Receptors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],simplest receptor type: free nerve endings

The larger the receptive field, the poorer ability to localize stimulus (2 pt. discrimination test) Fig 18-1 Area monitored by one receptor: =

Complexity Range of Receptors Free nerve ending Encapsulated nerve ending Specialized receptor cells

Four General Senses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Fig 18-5

Special Senses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Organ responsible ??

Olfaction: Paired Olfactory Organs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Type of receptor??

Olfactory Pathways ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Gustation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],How many 1 o taste sensations? Fig 18.7

Gustatory Pathway Cranial nerves VII, IX and X to nucleus solitarius in medulla oblongata to gustatory cortex Fig 18.8

Hearing & Equilibrium 2 other names??

Middle Ear Function of the 2 muscles?

Inner Ear ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Structure of cochlea: 2.5 turns of ducts central hub of cochlea

Organ of Corti Basilar membrane on which sit hair cells with stereocilia Tectorial membrane above the hair cells Sound causes hair cells to bounce and touch tectorial membrane causing transduction

Auditory Pathway ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cochlear branch of CN VIII To cochlear nucleus of medulla

Vestibular Complex: ,[object Object],[object Object]

Two Receptor Organs: Maculae of Vestibule (or: macula of saccule plus macula of utricle)

Cristae ampullaris (how many?)

Vision: Eyeball + Accessory Structures

Palpebrae = Eyelid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Lacrimal Apparatus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Compare to fig 18.18

Extrinsic Eyemuscles (see p.272) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Three Tunics: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Lens and Chambers of the Eye ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Glaucoma=? See fig 18.21

3) Nervous Tunic: Retina ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],See Fig 18.22

Eye Fundus: clinical significance ?

Visual Pathway ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

General & Special Senses

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General & Special Senses