1. The document discusses interlinings, which are fabrics used inside garments to provide support, reinforcement, and shape retention. It focuses on the types, properties, and fusing process of interlinings. 2. There are two main types of interlinings - sewn and fusible. Fusible interlinings are attached using heat and pressure, while sewn interlinings are attached by sewing. 3. Fusible interlinings have advantages for mass production but require special equipment and care during the fusing process to avoid defects like striking through or color changes. Quality control factors for fusing include temperature, pressure, time, and ensuring the bond strength is not compromised.

1. Group Introducing
Course Title: Garments Manufacturing Technology(1)
Course C0de:Tex-207
Course Instructor:Arnob Bashak Lecturer of City university
Group members:
Md.Towhidul Islam-11328017
MD.Sakir Hossain Sagor-12129314
Arif Ahamed Sharker -12129268
Foysal Ahamed -12129300
M.M Kurban Islam -12129250

2. Interlining
Introduction: Interlinings are used to support,reinforce and control
areas of garments such as collar,hems,facings and the fronts of jackets and
coats.They may be sewn into the garment or they may be attached by means of
fusing.
Definition:
One separate kind of fabric,which is used between two layers of orginal fabrics in order to
keep some of the parts or components of a garment fair,strong,and attractive and also for
retaining the actual shape is called the interlining.
Objective
The development of fusible was a fairly rapid process and required the combination of three
separate technologies:
 1. Textile: To produce the necessary types of base cloths.
 2. Resin: To produce thermoplastic adhesives for heat bonding.
 3. Engineering to produce machines that would fuse the interlining to the top-cloth.

3. Classification of Interlining
Mainly interlining is of two types :
1.Sewn Interlining or non fusible interlining
2.Fusible interlining
 Sewn Interlining: The interlining which are joined by sewing with the orginal fabric of
the garments are called sewn interlining.
Advantage of Sewn interlining:
1.To make flame retardend garment.
2.Simple and easy technique.
3.No elaborate machine is required.
Disadvantage of sewn Interlining:
1.Quality is not good but price is high.
2.Not suitable for large production
3.More time required.

4. Fusible interlining:
The interlining which are joined by heat and pressure with the
orginal fabric of the garments are called fusible interlining.
Advantage of Fusible interlining:
1.It takes fewer labour and higher output is obtained in lesser time.
2.Overall performance is better then non fusible interlining.
3.Easy technique and no need of especially skilled operator.
Disadvantage of fusible interlining:
1.High temperature is required
2.Special care is needed during attaching interlining.

5. Condition of fusing
Properties of condition of fusing are given below:
1.Appearance(Beauty):The garment which are made by asing fusible
interlining must be beautiful to see.the following are the properties of
the parts of garments in which interlining are joined directly related
with appearance of garments::
a)stiffness b)Praping c)Handle and soon.
2.Strength:Fusible interlining and fabrics are joined by bonding with
resin.The strength of this resing bond should be proper during marking
garments.

6.  3.Proper fusing: Care should be taken so that the
strike back or strike through does not happen during
fusing.If the temperature or pressure is heigher resing will
melt and come out from the garments.
 4.Shrinkage due to temperature: Generally
fusing is done at 150-170 degree and some types of fabrics
can be shrinked at that temperature.So that proper care
must need to avoide the shrinkage otherwise the garments
will be small to required size

7. 5.Fabric Color:Wthiout proper care color of the place of the garments
where fusing will be done can be changed and garments will be
rejected.So that proper care must be needed.
6.Out looking:Proper care must need to avoide the misalignment of
fused parts of fabric during fusing otherwise the garments will be
rejected.
7.Special Quality:Special qualities in fabrics are developed though
finishing care should be taken so that these qualities are not damaged
during fusing.

8. Classification of fusible
Interlining
There are 6 types of fusible interlining based on the qualities and properties of
resing.They are given below:
1.Plyethyline coated interlining:
a) Plyethyline is used as resine coated.
b)This type of interlining is used in collar ,cuff of shirt.
2.Polyamide coated interlining:
a) Polyamide is used as resin coating.
b) Polyamides are very widely used in dry cleaning solvent.
3.PVC coated interlining:
a) Poly vinyl coated is used as resin coating.
b)PVC coated interlining is widely used for making the coat type garments.

9.  4.Polyester Coated Interlining:
a)Polyester is used as resining coating.
b)It can be used as in all types of garments.
c)Polyester resins are used in dry cleanable and washable garments because polyester is
less water absorbent than poly amide.
 5.Polypropylene coated Interlining:
a)The resin is similar to the properties of polyethylene coated interlining.
b)Comparatively high temperature fusing is done.
 6.PVA coated interlining:
a)Polyvinyl acetate is used as resin coating.
b)PVA coated is not dry cleanable and it has limited wash ability .
c)Low temperature and pressure is required.

10. Properties of Fusible
Interlining
The following are the properties must have to the fusible
Interlining parts:
 a)The maximum temperature of fusing should not be greater than 175 degree.
 b)The minimum temperature of fusing should not be less than 110 degree.
 c)The bond of fusible interlining should be damaged due to washing and dry
cleaning.
 d)The desired rigidity and handle after fusing of the interlining should be
obtained.
 e)The interlining should not be toxic to the human body during the end-use
of garments.S

11. Types of Fusing
Fusing are 3 types :-
1.Reverse Fusing
2.Sandwich Fusing
3.Double Fusing
 Reverse fusing: In this method first the interlining fabric is spread on the fusing
bed and the surface of the fusing side of the interlining remains on the top.Then the
fabric of the garment is spread on it,and the fusing is done which is called reverse
fusing.
 Sandwich Fusing: In this method,two parts that means two fabric of garments are
placed in outside and two interlining inside(4layers)and then fusing is done by the
fusing machine.
 Double Fusing: In this process two types of interlinings are joined with the
garments fabrics in a step during fusing and temperature must needed to control.

12. Defects of Fusing
Which are defects of fusing are given below:
a)Striking Back
b)Striking Through
Striking Back: When two parts of fabrics are joined by pressure and heat
during fusing,it must have the control to the temperature and pressure.
Striking Through: When two parts of fabrics are joined by pressure and heat
during fusing,it must have the control to the temperature and pressure.

13. Fusing Machine
Generally,fusing machines are used in garments industries for
fusing.Mainly 4 types of fusing machine are available:-
1.Hand Iron
2.Flat bed fusing press
3.Continuous fusing press
4.High frequency fusing

14. Fig:Hand Iron
There are various types of interlining which are comparatively fused in
low temperature and pressure.These type of interlining are fused by
hand iron fusing machine.

15. Fig:Flat bed fusing
press
Generally this type of machine consists of two beds,one is static
bed and another is running bed.Static bed is buck and the
running bed is called head.Buck is surfaced or covered by soft
bedding which are made by fabrics,silicon rubber.

16. Fig:Continuous
Fusing press
This type of machine contains edge less or loop shaped feed sheet
on which,parts of fabrics and interlinings are feed by proper placing
of one to another.

17. Fig:High
Frequency fusing
machine
This type of fusing machine is quite different from previously described
fusing machines.Because in type of machine ,heat is created as the same
process of microwave cooker.Fabrics and interlinings are arranged in stacks
and are placed in between two metal plates of fusing machine.

18. Quality Control In Fusing
The factors which influence the quality of Fusing are Discussed below:-
Temperature:
 Fusing temperature depends on types of fusing
 Too low a temperature gives poor flow and poor
subsequent adhesion.
 Fusing range is 150-170 degree.
 To check the temperature a portable pyrometer or thermo
paper may be used.

19. Pressure:
 The pressure should be uniform and sufficient during fusing.
 Too low a pressure deduces penetration with consequent low adhesion.
 Too high a pressure provided excessive penetration of rein resulting in
strike back and strikes through.

20. Fusing Time:
 The equipment must give enough time to allow the temperature and
pressure.
 Different fabrics requires different time for fusing.
 Coarser fabric requires more time but thinner fabrics require less time.
 To check time of fusing,stop watch is used.
Pilling Strength :
 The bond strength between fabric and interlining due to melting resin is
checked to measure fusing efficiency.
 The bond strength is compared with standard bond strength between fabric
and interlining.

21. Dry cleaning or washing :-
 Check again later washing or dry cleaning with water of fused parts.
 Specially to check changing appearance of changing bond strength or dry
cleaning.
 The application of heat during fusing should be checked regularly.

22. Conclusion
 Interlinings are available in a wide variety of
weights and construction to match the
properties of the garment fabrics they will
support.They can be woven or non-
woven,both of which can be constructed to
give a different softness and resilience in
different directions.And our teacher helped us
properly to get a proper knowledge and this
knowledge may be very helpful in our future
industrial life.