This document discusses sizing, which is the process of applying an adhesive coating to warp yarns to minimize breakage during weaving. It describes the objectives of sizing such as increasing elasticity, smoothness and strength of the yarn. The main ingredients used in sizing are starches, binders, softeners and antiseptic agents. Different types of sizing are used depending on the fabric, including pure sizing for unbleached fabrics and heavy sizing to increase strength and weight. Sizing techniques include solvent sizing, emulsion sizing and hot melt sizing. Key factors that affect sizing include machine speed, size penetration and viscosity.

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3. What is Sizing?
The process of applying an adhesive
coating on the warp yarn to minimize yarn
breakage during weaving
Sizing.
is known as

4. Increase the
elasticity
Remove the
projecting fibers
Increase the
smoothness of
fibre
Reduce hairiness of
warp Yarn
Increase the
Strength of warp
yarn
Objectives of Sizing

5. Starch
Binder Softener
Anti-Septic Agent
Wetting agent
Types of sizing ingredient

6. Adhesive
Agent
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02
03
04
05
To increase stiffness &
elasticity of warp yarn
To increase strength of
warp yarn
To increase smoothness
of warp yarn
Exam:Potato,CMS(Carboxy Methylated Starch),
PVA (Polyviny l Alcohol).

7. Softener
To decrease
stiffness
1st function
To decrease friction
and flexibility,
3rd function
To increase t he
smoothness of
warp ya rn
2nd function
To make the warp yarn
soft and slippery
4th function
Softener which are used in sizing warp yarnare soap,mineraloils,coconutoil,tallow,TRO,animal fats and
japanwax.

8. to protect ya rn from fungus or bacte r i a .
Contents01
to prevent mildew fo rmatio n
Contents02
to help to store t he sized warp ya rn.
Contents03
Antiseptic agent
Antiseptic agents are Phenol, Carboxylic
acid, salicylic acid. Function:

9. Wetting agent w hich are used in sizing are Magnesium
Chloride, soa p and sulphanol.
Wetting agents are used in Sizing -
1. To achieve uniform distribution of sizing solution,
2. To is used to increase size exha ust.

10. Types of sizing
This types of
sizing is done
for unbleached
fabric. 3-10%
size ingredients
are used on the
weight of
fabric.
This types of
sizing is used
for Dyeing &
Printing of
woven fabric.
11- 15% size
ingredients are
used on the
weight of fabric.
This types of
sizing is used for
increase of
strength &
weight of fabric.
16-40% size
ingredients are
used on the
weight of fabric.
This types of
sizing is used for
increase the
weight twisted &
lower count yarn.
Above 40% size
ingredients are
used on the
weight of fabric.
Pure sizing Light sizing
Medium
sizing
Heavy sizing

11. Sizing Techniques
Solvent
Sizing
High
Pressure
Sizing
Emulsion
Sizing
Hot Melt
Sizing
Foam
Sizing
Electrostatic
Sizing
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2 4 6
3 5

12. Sizing Process
r r

13. Factor effecting the size Take-up percentage
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03
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02
04
Machine speed
Degree of Size
penetration
Squeeze roller
pressureViscosity of
the size recipe
Lubrication

14. Size Box
Lease rod
Main parts of sizing
machine
• Moisture Roller
Creel
Drying Cylinder
V-reed

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