Future of Education through Octalysis Gamification
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The document proposes a framework for gamifying education using game design principles. It discusses how current education systems break students' innate desire to learn, but that games motivate learning through mechanisms like leveling up, problem-solving, and social feedback. It introduces the Octalysis framework for understanding human motivation and outlines game elements and strategies that can inspire different intrinsic and extrinsic drives when designing gamified systems. The goal is to apply lessons from game design to create more engaging and effective learning experiences.
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Future of Education through Octalysis Gamification
- 1. A Framework for Gamified Education For: University of Agder By: Yu-kai Chou
- 3. Early Pioneer of Gamification for 10 years Parter at the Enterprise Gamification Consultancy Original creator of the Octalysis Framework Regular Keynote Speaker/Lecturer at Stanford University, TEDx, Accenture, SxSW, Google, etc. Rated a #1 Gamification Guru in the world by UKBased Leaderboarded
- 4. Humans have an innate desire to learn
- 5. Learning is one of our most fundamental activities
- 6. Things become boring when there is nothing more to learn
- 7. However….
- 8. Current school and education systems break that desire to learn
- 9. When you ask kids, “What’s work?”
- 10. When you ask kids, “What’s work?” They will say, “School! Homework!”
- 11. When you ask kids, “What’s play?”
- 12. When you ask kids, “What’s play?” They will say, “Games!!!!!!!!!”
- 13. Students like to do the bare minimum to achieve acceptable score
- 14. Many students only reach out for help when they feel like they are failing.
- 16. Humans don’t like to read through long texts or sit through long lectures
- 17. We learn by doing. Trial and error.
- 18. We learn by watching others go through it.
- 19. We learn through stories
- 20. Unfortunately, the things we need to learn became more complex and more abstract, but technology and medium of technology could not catch up to it for the past centuries.
- 21. Games?
- 22. Games? Entertainment Software Association (2012)
- 23. Games? Average Gamer: 35 Years Old 68% Gamers Over 18 Year Old 47% Gamers are Women More Adult Women than Under 18 Male Entertainment Software Association (2012) Source: Entertainment Software Association (2012)
- 24. The Magic Kids nowadays have bad work ethics? No Discipline?
- 25. The Magic Waking up behind parents’ back 3AM in the morning to level up = AMAZING work ethics
- 26. The Magic In Role-Playing Games (RPG), Leveling up often involves killing the same monsters in the same stage over and over again for hours or weeks
- 27. The Magic Gamers call this “grinding.” It’s Fun & Addicting.
- 28. The Magic In the real world, this is called Grunt Work. It’s Boring & Torturous.
- 29. The Magic If games can get kids to voluntarily do hours of secret grunt work, it can get anyone engaged to anything
- 30. The Magic If it is well designed
- 31. The Magic If it is well designed
- 32. “Human-Focused Design” • • As opposed to “Function Focused Design” • ...instead of assuming the people within are robots that will complete the task System that is designed to optimize for the motivations and feelings of the human inside vs
- 33. “Human-Focused Design” • • Gaming industry = first to master Human-Focused Design • Now we are learning from games, hence “Gamification” Games have spent decades/centuries mastering how to engage people without a mandated purpose vs
- 34. Kids who play Card Games like Magic the Gathering need to remember a ton of information
- 35. …more information than the periodic table
- 37. How do we build motivation?
- 38. What is Gamification? Game Elements Non-Game (Boring) Context
- 39. Global Movement Gartner predicts 70% of Fortune 500 will use Gamification by 2014
- 40. Except... Gartner also predicts 80% of the gamified apps will fail due to bad design
- 41. The Cause Agencies and individuals claim to be experts at whatever is the new “Buzzword”
- 42. The Cause Everyone focuses on PBLs (Points, Badges & Leaderboards) Points Leaderboards Badges
- 43. The Cause Similar to “Social Media Marketing” 4 years ago
- 44. The Cause Similar to “Social Media Marketing” 4 years ago Real SMM is not simply creating a Twitter Profile and Facebook Page
- 45. The Cause Beginning with “game mechanics” instead of the Core Drives
- 46. Bad Game Designer We need swords...where can they go? Oh yes, monsters. Of course! We need cows! And friends that can fertilize crops! + + + = ????
- 47. Bad Game Designer We need swords...where can they go? Oh yes, monsters. Of course! We need cows! And friends that can fertilize crops! + + + + + = ???? + +
- 48. Bad Game Designer We need swords...where can they go? Oh yes, monsters. Of course! We need cows! And friends that can fertilize crops! + + + + + = ???? + + A game can have all the right “game elements” but still be stupid/boring.
- 49. Bad Game Designer We need swords...where can they go? Oh yes, monsters. Of course! We need cows! And friends that can fertilize crops! + + + + + = ???? + + In fact, ALL games have “game elements” but most games suck and are boring.
- 50. Bad Game Designer We need swords...where can they go? Oh yes, monsters. Of course! We need cows! And friends that can fertilize crops! + + + + + = ???? + + It’s naive to think that once you plug game mechanics into your company, it will be successful
- 51. Bad Game Designer We need swords...where can they go? Oh yes, monsters. Of course! We need cows! And friends that can fertilize crops! + + + + + = ???? + + Only a few well-designed games achieve the status of Winning & Addicting
- 52. Good Game Designer How do I want my users to...
- 53. Good Game Designer How do I want my users to FEEL? Inspired? Proud? Scared?
- 54. Good Game Designer How do I want my users to FEEL? Inspired? Proud? Scared? Hmm, Okay. What game elements do I need in order to accomplish that goal? ? ? ? ?
- 55. Good Gamification ! does not start with Game Elements ! but starts with our Core Drives
- 56. -Points -Badges (Achievement Symbols) -Fixed Action Rewards -Leaderboard -Progress Bar -Quest Lists -Win Prize -High-Five -Crowning -LevelUp Symphony -Aura Effect -Step-by-Step Tutorial -Boss Fights -Virtual Goods -Build from Scratch -Collection Set -Avatar -Earned Lunch -Learning Curve -Protection -Recruitment -Monitoring -Appointment Dynamics -Fixed Intervals -Dangling -Prize Pacing -Options Pacing -Patient Feedback -Count Down -Throttles -Moats -Beginners Luck -Free Lunch -Destiny Child -CoCreator -Narrative -Elitism -Humanity Hero -Higher Meaning Meaning Accomplishment Empowerment Octalysis Social Influence Ownership Scarcity Unpredictability Avoidance -Sunk-Cost Tragedy -Progress Loss -FOMO -Evanescence Opportunity -Milestone Unlock -Evergreen Mechanics -General’s Carrot -Real-Time Control -Chain Combos -Instant feedback -Boosters -Blank Fills -Voluntary Autonomy -Choice Perception -Status Quo Sloth -Scarlet Letter -Visual Grave -Weep Tune -Friending -Social Treasure/Gifting -SeeSaw Bump -Group Quest -Touting -Bragging -Water Cooler -Thank-You Economy -Mentorship -Social Prod -Glowing Choice -MiniQuests -Visual Storytelling -Easter Eggs -Random Rewards -Obvious Wonder -Rolling Rewards -Mischief -Sudden Rewards -Oracle Effect
- 58. Meaning Octalysis Epic Meaning & Calling
- 60. Empowerment Octalysis Empowerment of Creativity & Feedback
- 62. Social Influence Octalysis Social Influence & Relatedness
- 65. Skinner Box Octalysis Unpredictability & Curiosity Unpredictability
- 69. White Hat Gamification Meaning Accomplishment Empowerment Octalysis Social Influence Ownership Scarcity Unpredictability Avoidance Black Hat Gamification
- 70. White Hat Gamification Meaning Accomplishment Empowerment Zynga figured out how to do a lot of Black Hat techniques, which led to great engagement and monetization metrics for Social Ownership each user. But in the long run, users leave when they CAN Influence because they don’t feel like they are in control over themselves. Octalysis Scarcity Unpredictability Avoidance Black Hat Gamification
- 71. Self-Submission to Black Hat Gamification Just because it’s called Black Hat doesn’t mean it’s necessarily bad
- 72. -Points -Badges (Achievement Symbols) -Fixed Action Rewards -Leaderboard -Progress Bar -Quest Lists -Win Prize -High-Five -Crowning -LevelUp Symphony -Aura Effect -Step-by-Step Tutorial -Boss Fights -Virtual Goods -Build from Scratch -Collection Set -Avatar -Earned Lunch -Learning Curve -Protection -Recruitment -Monitoring -Appointment Dynamics -Fixed Intervals -Dangling -Prize Pacing -Options Pacing -Patient Feedback -Count Down -Throttles -Moats -Beginners Luck -Free Lunch -Destiny Child -CoCreator -Narrative -Elitism -Humanity Hero -Higher Meaning Meaning Accomplishment Empowerment Octalysis Social Influence Ownership Scarcity Unpredictability Avoidance -Sunk-Cost Tragedy -Progress Loss -FOMO -Evanescence Opportunity -Milestone Unlock -Evergreen Mechanics -General’s Carrot -Real-Time Control -Chain Combos -Instant feedback -Boosters -Blank Fills -Voluntary Autonomy -Choice Perception -Status Quo Sloth -Scarlet Letter -Visual Grave -Weep Tune -Friending -Social Treasure/Gifting -SeeSaw Bump -Group Quest -Touting -Bragging -Water Cooler -Thank-You Economy -Mentorship -Social Prod -Glowing Choice -MiniQuests -Visual Storytelling -Easter Eggs -Random Rewards -Obvious Wonder -Rolling Rewards -Mischief -Sudden Rewards -Oracle Effect
- 73. -Elitism -Staying in touch with friends -Stalking -Completed Profile -More friends -Increased likes and comments -Aura Effect Meaning Accomplishment Empowerment Ownership Octalysis Score: 448 -Build from Scratch -Photos/Profiles -Friends -Memories -Protection -Recruitment -Earned lunch -Monitoring Scarcity -Sharing whatever you want -TONS of Facebook games -Instant feedback of friends “liking” Social Influence Unpredictability -Friend Invites -Conformity -Social Prod -Social Treasure Group Quests -Touting -Envy Avoidance -Inner Circles Note: (Early Facebook has HIGH scarcity score with certain universities only) -Glowing Choice -MiniQuests -Refreshing Content -Suspense -Scarlet Letter -Sunk Cost Tragedy
- 74. -Farm getting Bigger & Better -Difficult badges for sorts of crops -Reward Loops -No higher meaning besides being a farmer -Allows the ability to “paint” with your farm Meaning Accomplishment -Ownership of Farm -Virtual Goods Empowerment -Leaderboard -Group Farming -Free Social Gifts -Neighbors Octalysis Social Influence Ownership Octalysis Score: 414 Scarcity Unpredictability Avoidance -Waiting for what’s next in the game -Appointment Dynamics -Milestone Unlock -Real-money Only Crops -Free Social Gifts -Season-based Gifts -Avoid plants withering -Avoid losing opportunities -Avoid Sunk-Cost Tragedy
- 75. -Saving the world of “Sanctuary” -Diablo II Legacy -Help others -Leveling Up -Plot line -4 Difficulties -Skills -Gear -Massive Skill Combinations -Different challenges each stage Meaning Accomplishment -Characters -Items -Auction House Empowerment Octalysis -Multiplayer Game -Friend gear and hours -Mentoring Social Influence Ownership Octaylsis Score: 284 Scarcity Unpredictability Avoidance -Item Drops -Skill Sets -Storyline -Item Drops -Randomized Maps -Randomized Elites -Repetitive Plot -Item Durability -Bottleneck -Avoid Sunk-Cost Tragedy
- 76. -Follower Gain -Retweets -Responses -Unique Information -Microblogging Wave -Character Limit -Witty/valuable content Meaning Accomplishment -Followers -Information Empowerment Ownership Octalysis Score: 267 Scarcity -Friends on Twitter -Followers -Responses -Companionship -Thank You Economy Social Influence Unpredictability Avoidance -Interesting Tweets -Surprising content -Will someone respond? -Quick news -Fail Whale -Character Limit -Follower Count -Friend Loss
- 77. -Helping a weird monster solve problems “Sweet” “Delicious!” Level tracks and “Boss Stages” 1-3 Stars Defeating Chocolate Constantly looking for better comb and planning boosters Meaning Accomplishment Empowerment Quest to accumulate more points and boosters Social Influence Ownership Social Treasure - Lives See friend progress Octalysis Score: 432 Scarcity Unpredictability Avoidance Always waiting for the right gems Seeing levels ahead Countdown timer/moves Balancing Owl Gems Avoiding Loss Fear of the chocolate encroaching candy Unpredictable Gems Random Combos
- 78. “You need a LinkedIn Account” Finding that dream job you are passionate about Progress Bar “X People saw your profile” Recommendations Endorsements Better ways to “dress up” your profile and build reputation in communities. Meaning Accomplishment Empowerment Ownership Octalysis Score: 294 Your life.Your Job. Accumulating more contacts. Scarcity Social Treasure Recommendations Social Prodding Endorsements X People saw my profile Social Influence Unpredictability Avoidance Are recruiters Googling my name and seeing my profile? How many people view my profile? Want to see her profile? Upgrade to Premium! Want to connect? Upgrade to Premium! Avoiding Loss of Career Avoiding Bad Reputation
- 79. Level 2 Octalysis Design for All 4 Phases Discovery Onboarding Scaffolding Endgame
- 80. Level 2 Octalysis Design for All 4 Phases Discovery Onboarding Scaffolding Endgame
- 83. 1) Epic Meaning & Calling Part of something bigger than yourself
- 84. Elitism
- 85. Elitism People see themselves as “Apple People” and will do whatever Apple People “should” do. They will do it until they feel that Apple is no longer a vision worth believing in (think 1984 ad: not about specs but on ideals)
- 86. PainSquad
- 87. Translating the Web = Higher Meaning
- 88. 2) Development & Accomplishment Feeling Progress and Achievement
- 90. When you buy something on eBay, you didn’t just buy something - you WON!! Maybe you overpaid, but at least you beat those 10 other bastards that were bidding against you
- 92. Most people forget that another one of Twitter’s innovations is the one-way follow. Because it is one-way, it feels like more of an accomplishment when people follow you (and you don’t follow back).
- 93. Code Spells
- 94. 3) Empowerment of Creativity & Feedback The creator inside of us
- 97. Piano Staircase: 66% more people used staircase
- 98. Piano Staircase: 66% more people used staircase Users will use the stairs more if they can use their creativity to create music and hear immediate feedback
- 99. FoldIt 15 Year Problem Solved in 10 Days!
- 100. 4) Ownership & Possession The more you have, the more you want
- 101. Customizing Your Avatar Makes you feel more ownership over it as your own identity
- 104. It feels very awkward when you only have 2 or 3 of the four-season deers, so players would do a lot to complete their collection instead of waiting for another 36 months for the right season
- 105. DragonBox
- 106. 5) Social Influence & Relatedness What others think can kill you
- 107. Game Technique #22: Group Quests
- 108. Game Technique #22: Group Quests Group Quests have been in games for a long time (think guilds in WoW), but it was only adopted into companies like Groupon and Kickstarter in recent years
- 109. Mentorship
- 110. Mentorship Because I was assigned a mentor, who gave me a bunch of free stuff and invested his time to help me level, I felt bad quitting the game so stayed on for much longer
- 111. 6) Scarcity & Impatience The Grass On The Other Side
- 112. 6) Scarcity & Impatience The Grass On The Other Side Mozzy
- 114. 6) Scarcity & Impatience The Grass On The Other Side Laurelix
- 115. 7) Unpredictability & Curiosity What kills the cat
- 120. The Boy Is the Toy
- 122. 8) Loss & Avoidance The threat is stronger than the execution
- 124. Gamification – Zombies Run! ©2011-2013 Mario Herger. All rights reserved. www.enterprise-gamification.com | www.gamificationcommunity.com !124
- 125. Speed Camera Lottery
- 126. Speed Camera Lottery
- 132. How do we get people to care about what they are learning??
- 133. 6 Steps to Find Your Calling Industry Game Abilities Skills Talents Occupation Role Network Stats Achievements Alliance Quests
- 134. Pick Your Game vs
- 135. Pick Your Game vs Based on your passions
- 136. Determine Your Role
- 137. Determine Your Role Based on your interests and skills
- 138. Access your Initial Stats What are your innate talents?
- 139. Access your Initial Stats What do you do better than everyone else in this world?
- 140. Access your Initial Stats Don’t be an Axeman if your strengths lie in magic
- 141. Your Talent Triangle Associative Thinking Leadership Empowerment Emotional Sensitivity Creativity Empathy Building Trust Optimism Learn-Use Conversion Strategy Gem Spotting Group Speaking Systems Creation You Adaptation Analytical Skills Interpersonal Speaking Events Memory
- 142. Build your Skill Sets
- 143. Build your Skill Sets Plan out your ideal skill combo
- 144. Skill Triangle-Now Coaching Networking Leadership English/Mandarin Innovation Gamification Social Media Branding Recruitment Finance Excel Virtual Worlds Project Management You Pitching Sustainability Analytics Photoshop
- 145. Skill Triangle-Final Octalysis Gamification Business Systems Game Dynamics Motivational Psychology Behavioral Economics Neurobiology Technology Implementations Trustful Persuasion SEO Entrepreneurship Keynote English/Chinese/ Spanish Presentation You Social Media Innovation Analytics Leadership
- 146. Find Allies
- 147. Find Allies Find people with the same passion and Complementary Skills
- 148. Find Allies Find people who are much higher level than you are
- 149. Find Allies Help lower level people level up
- 150. Complete Quests
- 151. Complete Quests Find small quests that help you beat the final mission
- 152. Complete Quests Level up and grow with teammates
- 153. Beat the Game
- 154. Beat the Game Fulfill your life with meaning
- 155. Beat the Game Retire or find new games to master
- 156. The Future of Education
- 157. -Points -Badges -Fixed Action Rewards -Leaderboard -Progress Bar -Quest Lists -Win Prize -High-Five -Crowning -LevelUp Symphony -Aura Effect -Juicy Feedback -Boss Fights -Virtual Goods -Build from Scratch -Collection Set -Dangling -Earned Lunch -Learning Curve -Protection -Recruitment -Monitoring -Avatar -Appointment Dynamics -Fixed Intervals -Prize Pacing -Options Pacing -Patient Feedback -Count Down -Throttles -Moats -Narrative -Elitism -Humanity Hero -Beginners Luck -Free Lunch -Chosen One -Milestone Unlock -General’s Carrot -Real-Time Control -Chain Combos -Instant feedback -Boosters -Blank Fills -Step-by-Step Tutorial Meaning Accomplishment Empowerment Octalysis Social Pressure Ownership Scarcity Unpredictability Avoidance -Sunk-Cost Tragedy -Lost Progress -Guilting -Grounded -Scarlet Letter -Visual Grave -Weep Tune -Friend Invites -Social Treasure/Gifting -Envy -Group Quest -Touting -Bragging -Must Marketing -Thank-You Economy -Mentorship -Social Prod -Glowing Choice -MiniQuest -Visual Storytelling -Easter Eggs -Random Rewards -Sudden Tips -Rolling Rewards -Mischief -Sudden Rewards -Suspense
- 158. Mario Herger Marigo Ra7opoulos Yu-‐kai Chou Roman Rackwitz
- 159. Companies we have worked with