Presented by Paul Wilson, Director General of APNIC and Chair of APrIGF Multistakeholder Steering Group at the Asia Pacific Internet Leadership Program as part of 2016 APrIGF Taipei
This document discusses types of attacks on computer and network security. It defines passive and active attacks. Passive attacks monitor systems without interaction and include interception and traffic analysis attacks. Interception involves unauthorized access to messages. Traffic analysis examines communication patterns. Active attacks make unauthorized changes and include masquerade, interruption, fabrication, session replay, modification, and denial of service attacks. Masquerade involves assuming another user's identity. Interruption obstructs communication. Fabrication inserts fake messages. Session replay steals login information. Modification alters packet addresses or data. Denial of service deprives access by overwhelming the target.
Network security involves protecting computer networks from threats. It targets a variety of threats to stop them from entering or spreading on a network. The objectives of network security are access, confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation. As networks became more common in the 1980s and 1990s, security concerns increased and organizations like CERT were created to address issues. Network security uses multiple layers including firewalls, intrusion prevention systems, antivirus software, and encryption to secure networks from threats.
How To Learn The Network Security
Slide berikut merupakan slide yang berisikan dasar-dasar bagi kita dalam memahami konsep keamanan jaringan komputer, baik dari sisi inftrastruktur, teknologi dan paradigma bagi pengguna.
Materi yang diberikan sudah disusun oleh Pakar yang merupakan Trainer CEH dan memang berkompeten dibidang keamanan jaringan.
Slide ini saya dapatkan dari beliau saat mengikut training Certified Computer Security Officer (CCSO) dan Certified Computer Security Analyst (CCSA) dari beliau.
Semoga bermanfaat sebagai acuan bagi kita untuk belajar tentang keamanan jaringan komputer.
Terimakasih
The term cyber security is used to refer to the security offered through on-line services to protect your online information.
With an increasing amount of people getting connected to Internet, the security threats that cause massive harm are increasing also.
Network security (vulnerabilities, threats, and attacks)Fabiha Shahzad
Network security involves protecting network usability and integrity through hardware and software technologies. It addresses vulnerabilities that threats may exploit to launch attacks. Common vulnerabilities include issues with technologies, configurations, and security policies. Threats aim to take advantage of vulnerabilities and can be structured, unstructured, internal, or external. Common attacks include reconnaissance to gather information, unauthorized access attempts, denial-of-service to disrupt availability, and use of malicious code like worms, viruses, and Trojan horses.
This document discusses network security and protocols. It covers internal and external threats to networks like unauthorized access, data destruction, and hacking. It also discusses ways to protect networks from these threats, including passwords, firewalls, encryption, authentication protocols, and virtual local area networks (VLANs). The document outlines concepts like cryptography, digital signatures, and authentication protocols. It also discusses firewalls, storage technologies like RAID, NAS, and SAN for fault tolerance, and tape backups.
When identifying the most useful best-practice standards and guidance for implementing effective cyber security, it is important to establish the role that each fulfils, its scope and how it interacts (or will interact) with other standards and guidance.
Cybersecurity standards are generally applicable to all organisations regardless of their size or the industry and sector in which they operate. This page provides generic information on each of the standards that is usually recognised as an essential component of any cyber security strategy.
Network security involves protecting a network and its data through hardware and software that manages access and blocks threats. It combines multiple layers of defenses at the edge and within the network, implementing policies and controls to authorize access for users while blocking malicious actors. Network security protects proprietary information, reputation, and allows organizations to securely deliver digital services that customers and employees demand. It utilizes various technologies including access control, antivirus software, firewalls, intrusion prevention, and more.
This document discusses types of attacks on computer and network security. It defines passive and active attacks. Passive attacks monitor systems without interaction and include interception and traffic analysis attacks. Interception involves unauthorized access to messages. Traffic analysis examines communication patterns. Active attacks make unauthorized changes and include masquerade, interruption, fabrication, session replay, modification, and denial of service attacks. Masquerade involves assuming another user's identity. Interruption obstructs communication. Fabrication inserts fake messages. Session replay steals login information. Modification alters packet addresses or data. Denial of service deprives access by overwhelming the target.
Network security involves protecting computer networks from threats. It targets a variety of threats to stop them from entering or spreading on a network. The objectives of network security are access, confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation. As networks became more common in the 1980s and 1990s, security concerns increased and organizations like CERT were created to address issues. Network security uses multiple layers including firewalls, intrusion prevention systems, antivirus software, and encryption to secure networks from threats.
How To Learn The Network Security
Slide berikut merupakan slide yang berisikan dasar-dasar bagi kita dalam memahami konsep keamanan jaringan komputer, baik dari sisi inftrastruktur, teknologi dan paradigma bagi pengguna.
Materi yang diberikan sudah disusun oleh Pakar yang merupakan Trainer CEH dan memang berkompeten dibidang keamanan jaringan.
Slide ini saya dapatkan dari beliau saat mengikut training Certified Computer Security Officer (CCSO) dan Certified Computer Security Analyst (CCSA) dari beliau.
Semoga bermanfaat sebagai acuan bagi kita untuk belajar tentang keamanan jaringan komputer.
Terimakasih
The term cyber security is used to refer to the security offered through on-line services to protect your online information.
With an increasing amount of people getting connected to Internet, the security threats that cause massive harm are increasing also.
Network security (vulnerabilities, threats, and attacks)Fabiha Shahzad
Network security involves protecting network usability and integrity through hardware and software technologies. It addresses vulnerabilities that threats may exploit to launch attacks. Common vulnerabilities include issues with technologies, configurations, and security policies. Threats aim to take advantage of vulnerabilities and can be structured, unstructured, internal, or external. Common attacks include reconnaissance to gather information, unauthorized access attempts, denial-of-service to disrupt availability, and use of malicious code like worms, viruses, and Trojan horses.
This document discusses network security and protocols. It covers internal and external threats to networks like unauthorized access, data destruction, and hacking. It also discusses ways to protect networks from these threats, including passwords, firewalls, encryption, authentication protocols, and virtual local area networks (VLANs). The document outlines concepts like cryptography, digital signatures, and authentication protocols. It also discusses firewalls, storage technologies like RAID, NAS, and SAN for fault tolerance, and tape backups.
When identifying the most useful best-practice standards and guidance for implementing effective cyber security, it is important to establish the role that each fulfils, its scope and how it interacts (or will interact) with other standards and guidance.
Cybersecurity standards are generally applicable to all organisations regardless of their size or the industry and sector in which they operate. This page provides generic information on each of the standards that is usually recognised as an essential component of any cyber security strategy.
Network security involves protecting a network and its data through hardware and software that manages access and blocks threats. It combines multiple layers of defenses at the edge and within the network, implementing policies and controls to authorize access for users while blocking malicious actors. Network security protects proprietary information, reputation, and allows organizations to securely deliver digital services that customers and employees demand. It utilizes various technologies including access control, antivirus software, firewalls, intrusion prevention, and more.
This document discusses the evolution of cyber security and its growing importance. It covers how cyber security now impacts individuals, businesses, and geopolitics. The document also defines key cyber security terms and concepts, examines perspectives like threat management and information assurance, and argues that cyber security must take an integrated, holistic approach going forward. It concludes by noting that with modern society's growing digital interconnectedness, not taking a comprehensive view of cyber security may be the biggest risk.
Network security is important to protect vital information while allowing authorized access. Key aspects of network security include identifying vulnerabilities, threats like hackers and methods of attack, and implementing appropriate countermeasures. Common attacks include password attacks, viruses, and packet sniffing. Effective countermeasures include firewalls to control access, intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploits, IPsec and encryption to secure communications, and user education to address social engineering vulnerabilities. Comprehensive security requires backups, encryption, virus protection, firewalls, monitoring, training, and testing defenses.
While computer systems today have some of the best security systems ever, they are more vulnerable than ever before.
This vulnerability stems from the world-wide access to computer systems via the Internet.
Computer and network security comes in many forms, including encryption algorithms, access to facilities, digital signatures, and using fingerprints and face scans as passwords.
USER AUTHENTICATION
MEANS OF USER AUTHENTICATION
PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION
PASSWORD VULNERABILITIES
USE OF HASHED PASSWORDS – IN UNIX
PASSWORD CRACKING TECHNIQUES
USING BETTER PASSWORDS
TOKEN AUTHENTICATION
BIO-METRIC AUTHENTICATION
Cyber security refers to techniques used to protect networks, programs, and data from attacks, damage, or unauthorized access. The presentation discusses the history of cyber crimes, types of security, what constitutes a cyber crime, and provides tips for safety. It concludes that while no system can be completely secure, paying attention and acting smartly can help protect against cyber crimes.
Network security consists of provisions and policies to prevent unauthorized access to computer networks and resources. Common network security threats include viruses, worms, Trojan horses, spyware, adware, and hacker attacks. Solutions to these threats include anti-virus software, firewalls, intrusion prevention systems, and virtual private networks. Properly configuring and updating these network security components helps minimize risks while allowing authorized access to network resources.
The document discusses network security policies and regulations. It begins with introducing the presenters and defines the challenges in defining security policies, measuring against policies, reporting and correcting violations, and summarizing compliance. It then covers the foundation, functions, and management of information security. The document outlines the purpose and elements of policies, and a 10-step approach to developing policies which includes risk assessment, creating a review board, developing a security plan, implementing policies and standards, training, compliance monitoring, evaluation, and modification. Minimum HIPAA security requirements and Creighton-specific policies are also summarized.
The document discusses the importance of network security and outlines common security threats such as viruses, hackers, and data theft. It then describes methods for securing a network, including user authentication, firewalls, antivirus software, and encryption. Servers are central to networks for storing data, and securing the server room is crucial, requiring physical access controls, monitoring, locking server racks, and preventing environmental risks like fire or flooding.
Cryptography is the practice of securing communication and information by converting plaintext into ciphertext. The document provides an introduction to cryptography including its history from ancient times to the present. It discusses terminology like plaintext, encryption, ciphertext, decryption, and keys. Symmetric key cryptography uses a single key for encryption and decryption while asymmetric key cryptography uses two different keys. Examples of symmetric methods are DES, 3DES, AES, and RC4, while RSA is a common asymmetric method. Applications of cryptography include ATMs, email passwords, e-payments, e-commerce, electronic voting, defense services, securing data, and access control.
The document discusses the CIA triad, which is a model for information security with three main goals: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Confidentiality ensures that sensitive information is only accessible to authorized individuals. Integrity ensures that information remains true and correct. Availability ensures that information and resources are accessible to those who need them. The CIA triad serves as a guide for measures to secure information systems and networks.
This document provides an overview of topics related to cybercrime and security that will be covered. It lists the team members and topics to be discussed including the history of cybercrime, authenticity, security and privacy, database security, social engineering, cyber attacking methods, and security tips. Database security features like digital certificates, encryption, firewalls, and proxy servers will be explained. Responsibilities of database administrators and built-in database protections will also be covered. Specific cyber attacks such as Trojan horse attacks, backdoors, keyloggers, DDoS attacks, and man-in-the-middle attacks will be described. The document concludes with safety tips and references.
Network security involves protecting computer networks from unauthorized access. It aims to achieve access control, confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation. Throughout history, as hacking and crimes emerged in the 1980s and the Internet became public in the 1990s, security concerns increased tremendously. Network security employs multiple layers including physical security, perimeter protection, user training, encryption, and firewalls among other hardware and software components. As threats continue to evolve, the field of network security must also evolve rapidly to protect information and system resources.
This Edureka PPT on "Application Security" will help you understand what application security is and measures taken to improve the security of an application often by finding, fixing and preventing security vulnerabilities.
Following are the topics covered in this PPT:
Introduction to Cybersecurity
What is Application Security?
What is an SQL Injection attack
Demo on SQL Injection
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In present world, where computers/laptops and smart phone made it possible to extract other's secrets, a need has been imminent to handle such problems by Cyber Security Regime, which not only be launched by individuls(IT Expert) of organizations but the governments of the country should also play a vital role.
A presentation which on Wireless Network Security. It contains Introduction to wireless networking, security threats and risks, best practices on using wireless networks.
Sneha Chauhan presented on cyber crime and security techniques. The presentation discussed how the growth of the internet in India has led to new opportunities but also disadvantages like cyber crime. Several types of cyber crimes were defined, including hacking, denial of service attacks, and software piracy. The presentation provided safety tips to prevent cyber crime and outlined cyber security techniques such as using antivirus software, firewalls, and maintaining backups. It also discussed public key cryptography and private key cryptography.
Cyber security and demonstration of security toolsVicky Fernandes
Presentation on Cybersecurity and demonstration of security tools, conducted by Vicky Fernandes on 10th September 2019 at Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Mumbai.
The development of intelligent network forensic tools to focus on specific type of network traffic analysis is a challenge in terms of future perspective.
This will reduce time delays, less computational resources requirement; minimize attacks, providing reliable and secured evidences, and efficient investigation with minimum efforts
Network security involves protecting networks from unauthorized access and risks. It is important for network administrators to take preventive measures to secure networks used by individuals, businesses, and governments. There are various types of network security devices that fulfill different functions like blocking surplus traffic (active devices), identifying unwanted traffic (passive devices), and scanning for potential problems (preventative devices). Firewalls are a key example of an active device that establishes a barrier between internal and external networks and regulates incoming and outgoing traffic.
cyber crime & information security is most famous in the world..day by day increase cyber crime in internet world. that see. the detail about of cyber security.
This document discusses hacking and provides an overview of ethical hacking. It begins by defining what a hacker is, noting that historically it referred to an enthusiastic computer hobbyist rather than a criminal. It discusses the evolution of hacking and open source culture. It then discusses ethical hacking and penetration testing, noting it involves authorized attempts to breach systems to test security. It provides an example case study of a large hadron collider being hacked. It also discusses the importance of security given the rise in internet users and potential for attacks on critical networks.
This document discusses the evolution of cyber security and its growing importance. It covers how cyber security now impacts individuals, businesses, and geopolitics. The document also defines key cyber security terms and concepts, examines perspectives like threat management and information assurance, and argues that cyber security must take an integrated, holistic approach going forward. It concludes by noting that with modern society's growing digital interconnectedness, not taking a comprehensive view of cyber security may be the biggest risk.
Network security is important to protect vital information while allowing authorized access. Key aspects of network security include identifying vulnerabilities, threats like hackers and methods of attack, and implementing appropriate countermeasures. Common attacks include password attacks, viruses, and packet sniffing. Effective countermeasures include firewalls to control access, intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploits, IPsec and encryption to secure communications, and user education to address social engineering vulnerabilities. Comprehensive security requires backups, encryption, virus protection, firewalls, monitoring, training, and testing defenses.
While computer systems today have some of the best security systems ever, they are more vulnerable than ever before.
This vulnerability stems from the world-wide access to computer systems via the Internet.
Computer and network security comes in many forms, including encryption algorithms, access to facilities, digital signatures, and using fingerprints and face scans as passwords.
USER AUTHENTICATION
MEANS OF USER AUTHENTICATION
PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION
PASSWORD VULNERABILITIES
USE OF HASHED PASSWORDS – IN UNIX
PASSWORD CRACKING TECHNIQUES
USING BETTER PASSWORDS
TOKEN AUTHENTICATION
BIO-METRIC AUTHENTICATION
Cyber security refers to techniques used to protect networks, programs, and data from attacks, damage, or unauthorized access. The presentation discusses the history of cyber crimes, types of security, what constitutes a cyber crime, and provides tips for safety. It concludes that while no system can be completely secure, paying attention and acting smartly can help protect against cyber crimes.
Network security consists of provisions and policies to prevent unauthorized access to computer networks and resources. Common network security threats include viruses, worms, Trojan horses, spyware, adware, and hacker attacks. Solutions to these threats include anti-virus software, firewalls, intrusion prevention systems, and virtual private networks. Properly configuring and updating these network security components helps minimize risks while allowing authorized access to network resources.
The document discusses network security policies and regulations. It begins with introducing the presenters and defines the challenges in defining security policies, measuring against policies, reporting and correcting violations, and summarizing compliance. It then covers the foundation, functions, and management of information security. The document outlines the purpose and elements of policies, and a 10-step approach to developing policies which includes risk assessment, creating a review board, developing a security plan, implementing policies and standards, training, compliance monitoring, evaluation, and modification. Minimum HIPAA security requirements and Creighton-specific policies are also summarized.
The document discusses the importance of network security and outlines common security threats such as viruses, hackers, and data theft. It then describes methods for securing a network, including user authentication, firewalls, antivirus software, and encryption. Servers are central to networks for storing data, and securing the server room is crucial, requiring physical access controls, monitoring, locking server racks, and preventing environmental risks like fire or flooding.
Cryptography is the practice of securing communication and information by converting plaintext into ciphertext. The document provides an introduction to cryptography including its history from ancient times to the present. It discusses terminology like plaintext, encryption, ciphertext, decryption, and keys. Symmetric key cryptography uses a single key for encryption and decryption while asymmetric key cryptography uses two different keys. Examples of symmetric methods are DES, 3DES, AES, and RC4, while RSA is a common asymmetric method. Applications of cryptography include ATMs, email passwords, e-payments, e-commerce, electronic voting, defense services, securing data, and access control.
The document discusses the CIA triad, which is a model for information security with three main goals: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Confidentiality ensures that sensitive information is only accessible to authorized individuals. Integrity ensures that information remains true and correct. Availability ensures that information and resources are accessible to those who need them. The CIA triad serves as a guide for measures to secure information systems and networks.
This document provides an overview of topics related to cybercrime and security that will be covered. It lists the team members and topics to be discussed including the history of cybercrime, authenticity, security and privacy, database security, social engineering, cyber attacking methods, and security tips. Database security features like digital certificates, encryption, firewalls, and proxy servers will be explained. Responsibilities of database administrators and built-in database protections will also be covered. Specific cyber attacks such as Trojan horse attacks, backdoors, keyloggers, DDoS attacks, and man-in-the-middle attacks will be described. The document concludes with safety tips and references.
Network security involves protecting computer networks from unauthorized access. It aims to achieve access control, confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation. Throughout history, as hacking and crimes emerged in the 1980s and the Internet became public in the 1990s, security concerns increased tremendously. Network security employs multiple layers including physical security, perimeter protection, user training, encryption, and firewalls among other hardware and software components. As threats continue to evolve, the field of network security must also evolve rapidly to protect information and system resources.
This Edureka PPT on "Application Security" will help you understand what application security is and measures taken to improve the security of an application often by finding, fixing and preventing security vulnerabilities.
Following are the topics covered in this PPT:
Introduction to Cybersecurity
What is Application Security?
What is an SQL Injection attack
Demo on SQL Injection
Follow us to never miss an update in the future.
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/edureka_learning/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/edurekaIN/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/edurekain
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edureka
In present world, where computers/laptops and smart phone made it possible to extract other's secrets, a need has been imminent to handle such problems by Cyber Security Regime, which not only be launched by individuls(IT Expert) of organizations but the governments of the country should also play a vital role.
A presentation which on Wireless Network Security. It contains Introduction to wireless networking, security threats and risks, best practices on using wireless networks.
Sneha Chauhan presented on cyber crime and security techniques. The presentation discussed how the growth of the internet in India has led to new opportunities but also disadvantages like cyber crime. Several types of cyber crimes were defined, including hacking, denial of service attacks, and software piracy. The presentation provided safety tips to prevent cyber crime and outlined cyber security techniques such as using antivirus software, firewalls, and maintaining backups. It also discussed public key cryptography and private key cryptography.
Cyber security and demonstration of security toolsVicky Fernandes
Presentation on Cybersecurity and demonstration of security tools, conducted by Vicky Fernandes on 10th September 2019 at Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Mumbai.
The development of intelligent network forensic tools to focus on specific type of network traffic analysis is a challenge in terms of future perspective.
This will reduce time delays, less computational resources requirement; minimize attacks, providing reliable and secured evidences, and efficient investigation with minimum efforts
Network security involves protecting networks from unauthorized access and risks. It is important for network administrators to take preventive measures to secure networks used by individuals, businesses, and governments. There are various types of network security devices that fulfill different functions like blocking surplus traffic (active devices), identifying unwanted traffic (passive devices), and scanning for potential problems (preventative devices). Firewalls are a key example of an active device that establishes a barrier between internal and external networks and regulates incoming and outgoing traffic.
cyber crime & information security is most famous in the world..day by day increase cyber crime in internet world. that see. the detail about of cyber security.
This document discusses hacking and provides an overview of ethical hacking. It begins by defining what a hacker is, noting that historically it referred to an enthusiastic computer hobbyist rather than a criminal. It discusses the evolution of hacking and open source culture. It then discusses ethical hacking and penetration testing, noting it involves authorized attempts to breach systems to test security. It provides an example case study of a large hadron collider being hacked. It also discusses the importance of security given the rise in internet users and potential for attacks on critical networks.
The document discusses ethical hacking and how it has evolved over time. It begins by defining hacking and explaining how hackers originally exploited telephone systems to make free calls. It then describes how hacking migrated to computers in the 1980s and became illegal with laws passed in 1986. The document outlines the different types of hackers and phases of a typical hack, including reconnaissance, scanning, gaining access, and covering tracks. It also provides examples of commonly used hacking tools like Nmap, Nessus, and Kismet. In closing, it discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of hacking, and considers the future scope of ethical hacking.
The document discusses the challenges of securing the Internet of Things (IoT) as more physical objects are connected to the internet. It notes that IPv6 will enable assigning IP addresses to physical things, interconnecting the virtual and physical worlds. Security challenges include packet spoofing, device spoofing, encryption, key distribution, and privacy protection as things are constantly evolving and globally distributed. Professional challenges include anticipating problems for a world of networked physical objects and preparing security strategies now rather than reacting later.
Refugees on Rails Berlin - #2 Tech Talk on SecurityGianluca Varisco
1. Edward Snowden's NSA leaks from 2013 increased public awareness of privacy issues and prompted tech companies to improve privacy protections for users.
2. Major security breaches in 2014-2015 exposed vulnerabilities like Heartbleed and compromised user data from companies like Ashley Madison, TalkTalk, and VTech.
3. The growing Internet of Things introduces new security threats as more devices become connected, and human error remains a major weak point that can undermine other security defenses. Basic security practices like strong unique passwords and two-factor authentication are recommended.
This document discusses the history of computer security breaches and issues. It mentions several high-profile hacking incidents from the 1980s to 1990s where hackers were able to gain unauthorized access to military and banking computers. The document also notes that today nearly half of companies report financial losses due to security incidents, with estimated losses totaling over $66 million. Computer security threats include financial losses, data theft, and system malfunctions.
Wikileaks: secure dropbox or leaking dropbox?hackdemocracy
Jean-Jacques Quisquater is a professor of cryptography who discusses ways for organizations like Wikileaks to help leakers remain anonymous using technology. He explains how a perfect anonymous electronic dropbox could allow leakers to securely submit information without being identified. Quisquater then outlines various technologies like encryption, anonymity networks, and steganography that could help protect a leaker's privacy and anonymity.
The document discusses junk hacking and vulnerability research of IoT devices. It notes that many IoT devices have no security and can easily be hacked. It argues that while demonstrating vulnerabilities in everyday devices is interesting, the "junk hacking" trend has become overdone at security conferences. The document advocates moving the discussion beyond just identifying vulnerabilities and toward developing a standardized approach for assessing IoT security across different device types and platforms.
This presentation aims to share working knowledge on how attackers are taking an advantage of connected (IOT) devices for scaling attacks. From hardware to repeatable software exploitation that scale. X-ray on the current security resilience of some of today's connected devices. Typically challenges developers are facing today and a proof of concept attack on a "secure" connected camera with critical consequences. Finally we give valuable takeaways for improving the security of your solutions and avoid these horrible mistakes.
The document discusses various security issues related to using the internet and networking. It introduces basic security concepts like confidentiality, integrity and availability. It then examines specific problems such as hijacked web servers, denial of service attacks, unsolicited commercial email, operator errors and natural disasters. It also defines and explains security terms like probes, scans, packet sniffers and malicious code. The overall document provides a high-level overview of internet security risks and challenges.
UMS Cybersecurity Awareness Seminar: Cybersecurity - Lessons learned from sec...APNIC
APNIC Senior Security Specialist Adli Wahid provides some useful findings of lessons learned from security incidents at the UMS Cybersecurity Awareness Seminar, held online on 25 October 2021.
Workshop on Cyber security and investigationMehedi Hasan
Introduction:
In the fast-evolving digital age of the 21st century, cybersecurity has emerged as a paramount concern for governments, businesses, and individuals. The Workshop on Cybersecurity is a comprehensive and immersive event designed to address the challenges posed by cyber threats and equip participants with the knowledge and tools to safeguard their digital assets. This workshop, to be held over five days, seeks to empower attendees with the latest insights and practices in cyber defense, fostering a culture of resilience and proactive security measures.
Day 1: Understanding the Cyber Landscape
The workshop commences with a deep dive into the complex cyber landscape that defines modern society. Distinguished experts from the cybersecurity field will present an overview of the ever-changing cyber ecosystem, highlighting its interconnectedness and vulnerabilities. Participants will gain valuable insights into the roles of governments, corporations, and individuals in shaping the cyber landscape.
Key topics covered will include the global impact of cyberattacks, the importance of international collaboration in countering cyber threats, and the significance of public-private partnerships. This foundational knowledge will serve as the basis for the subsequent discussions on cyber defense strategies.
Day 2: Unraveling Cyber Threats and Attack Vectors
Day two focuses on understanding the multitude of cyber threats and attack vectors that can target individuals and organizations. Renowned cybersecurity researchers will present real-life case studies of recent cyber incidents, ranging from nation-state-sponsored attacks to financially motivated hacking campaigns. Participants will gain a comprehensive understanding of the tactics employed by threat actors and the motivations behind their actions.
Through interactive sessions, attendees will be immersed in simulated cyber-attack scenarios, enabling them to identify and mitigate potential threats effectively. The day will emphasize the need for a proactive and adaptive approach to cybersecurity, as well as the importance of threat intelligence sharing to bolster collective defense capabilities.
Day 3: Building Robust Cyber Defense Strategies
Day three delves into the development and implementation of robust cyber defense strategies. Experts in the field will introduce participants to cutting-edge tools and technologies that can effectively detect, prevent, and respond to cyber threats. Topics covered will include advanced threat hunting techniques, next-generation firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and incident response best practices.
Track 5 session 1 - st dev con 2016 - need for security for iotST_World
- The document discusses the need for security in IoT devices as the number of connected devices grows exponentially to over 30 billion by 2020.
- It outlines the various types of connected devices and assets that need protection including personal information, products, infrastructure and more.
- The main threats to IoT systems are discussed as access to services and networks, device access, data theft and counterfeiting. Specific attacks like hacking exposed data and exploiting vulnerabilities are also covered.
- The presentation recommends using cryptography, authentication, secure boot processes and other countermeasures to protect assets by mitigating vulnerabilities and reducing threats and risk. It emphasizes the importance of a layered security approach and managing risk for different asset values.
Yesterday Pierluigi Paganini, CISO Bit4Id and founder Security Affairs, presented at the ISACA Roma & OWASP Italy conference the state of the art for the Internet of Things paradigm. The presentation highlights the security and privacy issues for the Internet of Things, a technology that is changing user’s perception of the technology.
Hacking, cracking, and hacktivism have a complex history. Early hackers believed that information should be free and decentralized. Over time, laws like the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act were passed to criminalize unauthorized computer access. Now, some hackers conduct ethical hacking and penetration testing to improve security. However, crackers aim to damage systems, while hacktivists hack for political reasons. Debates continue around definitions and the ethical implications of different forms of hacking activity.
This document discusses network security and various cyber attacks. It defines network security and lists common security devices. It outlines different types of hackers and cyber attacks such as hacking, DDoS attacks, malware, Trojan horses, spam, phishing, and packet sniffers. The document also discusses worms, viruses, botnets, and how to protect critical information infrastructure. It provides examples of security software and firewall types. Finally, it discusses challenges in network security and provides references for further information.
APNIC Foundation, presented by Ellisha Heppner at the PNG DNS Forum 2024APNIC
Ellisha Heppner, Grant Management Lead, presented an update on APNIC Foundation to the PNG DNS Forum held from 6 to 10 May, 2024 in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
Registry Data Accuracy Improvements, presented by Chimi Dorji at SANOG 41 / I...APNIC
Chimi Dorji, Internet Resource Analyst at APNIC, presented on Registry Data Accuracy Improvements at SANOG 41 jointly held with INNOG 7 in Mumbai, India from 25 to 30 April 2024.
APNIC Policy Roundup, presented by Sunny Chendi at the 5th ICANN APAC-TWNIC E...APNIC
Sunny Chendi, Senior Advisor, Membership and Policy at APNIC, presents 'APNIC Policy Roundup' at the 5th ICANN APAC-TWNIC Engagement Forum and 41st TWNIC OPM in Taipei, Taiwan from 23 to 24 April.
DDoS In Oceania and the Pacific, presented by Dave Phelan at NZNOG 2024APNIC
Dave Phelan, Senior Network Analyst/Technical Trainer at APNIC, presents 'DDoS In Oceania and the Pacific' at NZNOG 2024 held in Nelson, New Zealand from 8 to 12 April 2024.
'Future Evolution of the Internet' delivered by Geoff Huston at Everything Op...APNIC
Geoff Huston, Chief Scientist at APNIC deliver keynote presentation on the 'Future Evolution of the Internet' at the Everything Open 2024 conference in Gladstone, Australia from 16 to 18 April 2024.
IP addressing and IPv6, presented by Paul Wilson at IETF 119APNIC
Paul Wilson, Director General of APNIC delivers a presentation on IP addressing and IPv6 to the Policymakers Program during IETF 119 in Brisbane Australia from 16 to 22 March 2024.
draft-harrison-sidrops-manifest-number-01, presented at IETF 119APNIC
Tom Harrison, Product and Delivery Manager at APNIC presents at the Registration Protocols Extensions working group during IETF 119 in Brisbane, Australia from 16-22 March 2024
Benefits of doing Internet peering and running an Internet Exchange (IX) pres...APNIC
Che-Hoo Cheng, Senior Director, Development at APNIC presents on the "Benefits of doing Internet peering and running an Internet Exchange (IX)" at the Communications Regulatory Commission of Mongolia's IPv6, IXP, Datacenter - Policy and Regulation International Trends Forum in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia on 7 March 2024
APNIC Update and RIR Policies for ccTLDs, presented at APTLD 85APNIC
APNIC Senior Advisor, Membership and Policy, Sunny Chendi presented on APNIC updates and RIR Policies for ccTLDs at APTLD 85 in Goa, India from 19-22 February 2024.
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2. What’s coming up
• Is the Internet secure?
• Myths and Mysteries
• Evolution of security
• Security concepts and management
• Examples
• Developments: IPv6 and IoT
• The Internet security ecosystem
3. Is the Internet secure?
• The Internet was designed for open connectivity
• For low barriers to entry in a
trusting environment
• A deliberately “dumb” network
• “Security” was always optional
(and normally a low priority)
4. The real questions
• If you ask…
– “Is the Internet secure?”
– “Can the Internet be secured?”
– “Can society ever be safe?”
– The truthful answer is “No”
• But if you ask…
– “Can my services/networks/transactions be secured?”
– “Can the Internet be used securely?”
– “Can I stay safe?”
– The answer is probably “Yes” (but with care!)
5. Myths and Mysteries
• Fiction: The Internet can be secured
• Fiction: Hackers are magicians
• Fiction: Security experts are the magicians
• Fiction: Computer viruses are like actual viruses
• Fact: The Internet can be used securely
• Fact: EVERY breach can be explained, and avoided
• Fact: The first bug was an actual moth
6. Some history…
• 1946: Grace Hopper, a US Naval Officer, tracks down a moth
causing problems in an electromechanical computer; hence
“bug”.
• 1960s: MIT model train group "hacks" their trains to make them
perform better
• 1971: Joe Draper aka "Captain Crunch", uses cereal toy to
generate 2600 Hz tone, “phreaking” the AT&T long distance
system
• 1983: "War Games" film introduces public to the concept of
hacking, and “wardialing”
• 1988: Cornell student Robert Morris Jr. releases self-replicating
“worm” on ARPAnet, the first Internet-borne viral programme
• Late 1990s: Online sharing of automated tools. The first “botnets”
– armies of virus-infected machines.
7. Terms: Breaking it down
• Threat
– Any circumstance or factor with the potential to cause harm
– a motivated, capable adversary
• Vulnerability
– A weakness in a system; in procedures, design, or implementation that
can be exploited
• Software bugs, design flaws, operational mistakes
• The human factor – “Social engineering”
• Risk = likelihood x consequence
– The liklihood (probablility) that a particular vulnerability will occur
– The severity (impact) of that occurrence
8. Authentication and Authorisation
• Access control
– The ability to permit or deny the use of a resource by a user, through
three essential services…
• Authentication
– To reliably identify individual users
– Users = people, processes, devices
• Authorisation
– To control which users are allowed to do what with a resource
– Representing trust, assuming reliable authentication
9. Security tradeoffs
• Services offered vs. security provided
– Each service offers its own security risk
– The more services, the less security
• Ease of use vs. security
– Every security mechanism causes inconvenience
– The more “plug n play”, the less security
• Risk of loss vs. Cost of security
– Assets carry value and risk of loss
– The higher the value, the higher the security cost
• These factors can be balanced in a comprehensive
organisational security policy
10. An unexpected success…
• Evolution of technology, usage and value
• Evolution of security problems and solutions
• Evolution never stops…
1990s:
Basic
connectivity
2000s:
Application-specific
online content
2010s:
Applications/data
in the “cloud”
2020s:
“IoT”
12. What can the attackers do?
• Eavesdropping – Listen in on communications
• Masquerading – Impersonating someone else
• Forgery – Invent or duplicate/replay information
• Trespass – Obtain unauthorised access
• Subversion – Modify data and messages in transit
• Destruction – Vandalise or delete important data
• Disruption – Disable or prevent access to services
• Infiltration – Hide out inside our machines
• Hijacking – “Own” and use machines for nefarious purposes
13. And why do they do it?
Motivation Examples
Knowledge driven • Recreational
• Research
Issue-based • Hacktivism
• Patriotism
Antisocial • Revenge
• Vandalism
Competitive • Theft of IP
• Damage to competitors
Criminal • Theft of assets
• Extortion
Strategic • Espionage
• State-driven or sponsored
14. And, how to they do it?
• Social engineering attacks
– Human beings – the weakest links
– “Phishing”
– Password attacks etc etc
• DNS attacks
– Corruption and cache poisoning
• Masquerading
– Address “spoofing”
• Denial of Service
– DoS attacks
– DDoS attacks
15. “Phishing”
• “Fishing” for information such as usernames, passwords,
credit card details, other personal information
• Forged emails apparently from legitimate enterprises, direct
users to forged websites.
16. Other social engineering
• Password guessing or cracking
– Hence need for “non-guessable” passwords
– Use of different passwords for different services
• Email harvesting and “proof of life”
– Misuse of collected personal information
– Spam as a validation tool
• embedded images – Turn them off!
• unique URLs – Don’t click on anything!
• Short URLs
– E.g. http://bit.ly/SGWjdif
– We’re accustomed to clicking without checking where we go next
17. Masquerading example: ARP
• Address Resolution Protocol (RFC 826, 1982)
– Used by any TCP/IP device to discover the Layer 2 address of an IPv4
address that it wants to reach
IPv4: 10.1.1.10
MAC: EtherA
IPv4: 10.1.1.20
MAC: EtherB
IPv4: 10.1.1.30
MAC: EtherC
Here I am!
IPv4: 10.1.1.30
MAC: EtherC
☺︎
IPv4 MAC
10.1.1.30 EtherCEthernet, who’s at
IPv4: 10.1.1.30 ?
*AKA “ARP spoofing”
19. Attacking the DNS
The Internet
www.apnic.netwww.apnic.net?
www.apnic.net
199.43.0.44
DNS
175.98.98.133 203.119.102.244
199.43.0.44
☹︎
20. Securing websites – SSL certificates
The Internet
www.apnic.net
www.apnic.net?
203.119.102.244
DNS
175.98.98.133 203.119.102.244
☺︎ SSL
21. Securing DNS – DNSSEC
The Internet
www.apnic.net
www.apnic.net?
DNS
175.98.98.133 203.119.102.244
☺︎
203.119.102.244
SEC
22. Misusing IP Addresses…
The Internet
Global Routing Table
4.128/9
60.100/16
60.100.0/20
135.22/16
…
Global Routing Table
4.128/9
60.100/16
60.100.0/20
135.22/16
199.43.0.0/24
…
Announce
199.43.0.0/24
R
202.12.29.0/24
Traffic
199.43.0.0/24
☹︎
23. Misusing IP Addresses…
The Internet
Global Routing Table
4.128/9
60.100/16
60.100.0/20
135.22/16
…
Global Routing Table
4.128/9
60.100/16
60.100.0/20
135.22/16
202.12.29.0/24
…
Announce
202.12.29.0/24
R
202.12.29.0/24
RPKI
☺︎
29. DDoS attack: Distributed DoS
• Botnets for hire
– Millions of virus-infected computers
– Ready to be deployed by remote control
• Huge amplification
– Target traffic volumes in 100s of Gbps
• Motivation
– Various, but often extortion (requiring payment in BTC)
• Mitigation
– Various approaches and services available
– Often bandwidth is the best solution (using cloud-based services)
31. Security and IPv6
• “IPsec” is mandatory in IPv6 implementation
– but this does not mean it must be used.
• No difference…
– Traffic monitoring (Sniffing) – no change without IPsec
– Application vulnerabilities – no change
– Rogue devices, viruses etc
• Improvements…
– IPsec available when needed (eg routing protocols)
– Scanning address space for devices is much harder
• Threats
– New expertise required, new implementations, less mature
– Mistakes will be made
32. Security and IoT
• We have a long history of “things” on the Internet
– In that sense, there is nothing fundamentally new with “IoT”
• However…
– There will be huge increase in the variety of devices
– Many new vendors will enter the market
– Many vendors are not “Internet companies”
• Challenges
– Implementation, Testing, Software upgrades, “EoL” management
• Reference: “Internet of stupid things”
– Geoff Huston, APNIC
37. Recap…
• Is the Internet secure?
• Myths and Mysteries
• Evolution of security
• Security concepts and management
• Examples
• Developments: IPv6 and IoT
• The Internet security ecosystem