fundamental unit of life
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This document provides an introduction to cells, including: 1) Cells are the fundamental unit of life and all living things are made of cells. 2) Key figures in cell discovery include Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Robert Brown, and Purkinje. 3) There are unicellular organisms consisting of one cell and multicellular organisms made of many cells that divide work.
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The Fundamental unit of life
The document discusses the cell, which is the fundamental unit of life. It describes key discoveries in cell history, such as Hooke discovering dead cells in 1665 and Leeuwenhoek discovering living cells in 1674. The document outlines the main parts of plant and animal cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. It explains the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and differences in plant and animal cells, such as plant cells containing a cell wall.
Fundamenal Unit Of Life Cell
- The cell is the fundamental unit of life and all living things are made up of one or more cells. Key scientists like Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, and Schwann contributed to the development of the cell theory.
- There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which are simpler bacterial cells that lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells which are more complex cells found in plants and animals that do contain organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria.
- Cell division allows organisms to grow and reproduce as cells replicate through mitosis, where the genetic material is copied and divided between two daughter cells maintaining the same number of chromosomes.
The fundamental unit of life
The key discoveries in cell biology were made with the invention and improvement of microscopes. Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 using a primitive microscope. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek later discovered free living cells in pond water using an improved microscope. It was established that cells are the basic unit of all living things through the work of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, who proposed the cell theory in the 1800s.
Cell: THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE
Robert Hooke first observed plant cells in the 1600s when examining a sliver of cork under a microscope. He coined the term "cell" to describe the structures he saw that resembled an "empty boxes". Cells are the basic units of all organisms. There are two main types of cells - plant cells and animal cells. Plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose which provides structure and support. Animal cells do not have a cell wall. Both plant and animal cells contain cytoplasm and organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts that carry out essential functions. The document provides details on the structures and differences between plant and animal cells.
7-4 The Diversity of Cellular Life
This document discusses the diversity of cellular life, including unicellular organisms made of a single cell, multicellular organisms made of multiple cells, and cell specialization where cells develop different functions. It provides examples of specialized animal cells like red blood cells, white blood cells, and muscle cells. The document also mentions specialized plant cells like guard cells.
Cell theory
Cells were first discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke, who observed structures in cork under a microscope that resembled rooms of monks, which he called cells. The cell theory states that all living things are made of one or more cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms, and cells only come from preexisting cells. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack nuclei and have DNA throughout, and eukaryotic cells which have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells contain organelles that perform specific functions, and plant and animal cells contain both similar and different organelles such as chloroplasts in plant cells and lysosomes in animal cells. Cells work
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The document provides an overview of various cell organelles including the nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, peroxisomes and cytoskeleton. It describes the structure and functions of the nucleus, ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum in detail. The endoplasmic reticulum functions to synthesize proteins and lipids and is involved in detoxification. It has two types - smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum which differ in their functions.
Cell the unit of life
The document discusses the cell, which is considered the fundamental unit of life. It describes key discoveries in cell biology from Hooke's observation of cells in 1665 to the formulation of the cell theory in 1838. The cell theory states that all living things are made up of cells, cells are the basic functional units of life, and new cells develop from existing cells. The document then discusses various types of cell structures, including the cell membrane, nucleus, organelles, and differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms. It provides details on cell transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis.
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The Fundamental unit of life
The document discusses the cell, which is the fundamental unit of life. It describes key discoveries in cell history, such as Hooke discovering dead cells in 1665 and Leeuwenhoek discovering living cells in 1674. The document outlines the main parts of plant and animal cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. It explains the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and differences in plant and animal cells, such as plant cells containing a cell wall.
Fundamenal Unit Of Life Cell
- The cell is the fundamental unit of life and all living things are made up of one or more cells. Key scientists like Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, and Schwann contributed to the development of the cell theory.
- There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which are simpler bacterial cells that lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells which are more complex cells found in plants and animals that do contain organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria.
- Cell division allows organisms to grow and reproduce as cells replicate through mitosis, where the genetic material is copied and divided between two daughter cells maintaining the same number of chromosomes.
The fundamental unit of life
The key discoveries in cell biology were made with the invention and improvement of microscopes. Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 using a primitive microscope. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek later discovered free living cells in pond water using an improved microscope. It was established that cells are the basic unit of all living things through the work of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, who proposed the cell theory in the 1800s.
Cell: THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE
Robert Hooke first observed plant cells in the 1600s when examining a sliver of cork under a microscope. He coined the term "cell" to describe the structures he saw that resembled an "empty boxes". Cells are the basic units of all organisms. There are two main types of cells - plant cells and animal cells. Plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose which provides structure and support. Animal cells do not have a cell wall. Both plant and animal cells contain cytoplasm and organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts that carry out essential functions. The document provides details on the structures and differences between plant and animal cells.
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Cells were first discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke, who observed structures in cork under a microscope that resembled rooms of monks, which he called cells. The cell theory states that all living things are made of one or more cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms, and cells only come from preexisting cells. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack nuclei and have DNA throughout, and eukaryotic cells which have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells contain organelles that perform specific functions, and plant and animal cells contain both similar and different organelles such as chloroplasts in plant cells and lysosomes in animal cells. Cells work
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The document provides an overview of various cell organelles including the nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, peroxisomes and cytoskeleton. It describes the structure and functions of the nucleus, ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum in detail. The endoplasmic reticulum functions to synthesize proteins and lipids and is involved in detoxification. It has two types - smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum which differ in their functions.
Cell the unit of life
The document discusses the cell, which is considered the fundamental unit of life. It describes key discoveries in cell biology from Hooke's observation of cells in 1665 to the formulation of the cell theory in 1838. The cell theory states that all living things are made up of cells, cells are the basic functional units of life, and new cells develop from existing cells. The document then discusses various types of cell structures, including the cell membrane, nucleus, organelles, and differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms. It provides details on cell transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis.
The fundamental unit of life
Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 when examining a thin slice of cork under his microscope. He saw that the cork's structure resembled that of a honeycomb, with many small compartments that he named "cells". Cells are the fundamental unit of life and come in many shapes and sizes depending on their function. All cells contain organelles that allow basic life functions like transport, waste removal, energy production and more. Cells can be single-celled or multi-cellular and come in many specialized types across plants, animals and other organisms.
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Robert Hooke discovered cells in 1665 when examining a slice of cork under his microscope. He saw that cork had a honeycomb-like structure consisting of many small compartments, which were later termed cells. All organisms are made of cells, with some being single-celled and others multicellular. Cells have a plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, and various organelles that allow them to carry out functions necessary for life. The basic components and structures of cells were described.
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1. Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 while examining a thin slice of cork under a microscope. He saw that the cork resembled a honeycomb consisting of many little compartments, which he called cells.
2. All living things are made up of cells, which are the basic structural and functional units of life. Cells may exist as individual unicellular organisms or as groups of cells forming multicellular organisms.
3. The key components of cells are the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. The plasma membrane separates the cell from its external environment, and regulates what moves in and out of the cell. The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material.
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Cell is the fundamental unit of life. It is the structural and functional unit that forms the basic unit of all living organisms. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria are simpler with no organelles while eukaryotic cells like plant and animal cells are more complex with membrane-bound organelles. The cell consists of a plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. Within the cytoplasm are various organelles that perform specific functions to keep the cell alive.
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the fundamental unit of life
A cell is the fundamental unit of life that can carry out all functions necessary for living independently. Cells come in various shapes and sizes, from microscopic to large like an ostrich egg. A cell is enclosed by a plasma membrane and contains a cytoplasm with many cell organelles. Key organelles include the nucleus that houses DNA, mitochondria that power the cell, the endoplasmic reticulum for transport, Golgi complex for packaging, lysosomes for digestion, plastids like chloroplasts for photosynthesis in plants, and vacuoles for storage. Cells are classified as prokaryotic without a nucleus or eukaryotic with a membrane-bound nucleus.
fundamental unit of life
The document discusses the fundamental unit of life - the cell. It provides details about the discovery of cells and outlines several key points of the cell theory. The main components of cells, including the plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm and various organelles, are described along with their structures and functions. The key differences between plant and animal cells as well as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are highlighted. Various cellular processes such as diffusion, osmosis, and the effects of isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solutions are also explained.
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The document discusses the key components and structures of plant and animal cells. It begins by explaining how Robert Hooke first observed cells in cork in 1665 under a microscope. It then describes the basic components of cells, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and vacuoles. The functions of these various organelles are outlined. The document concludes with an overview comparing the main differences between typical plant and animal cells.
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The word cell is derived from the Latin word “cellula” which means “a little room”
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CBSE Class 8 / VIII General Ccience Power Point Presentation
Prepared By
Praveen M Jigajinni
DCSc & Engg,PGDCA,ADCA,MCA,MSc(IT),MTech(IT), M.Phil (Comp Sci)
For Any Queries Please feel free to contact:
Email Id : praveenkumarjigajinni@gmail.com
Cell No: 9431453730
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Robert Hooke first observed cells in thin slices of cork in 1665 under his microscope and coined the term "cell" to describe their box-like compartments. The cell theory, proposed by Schleiden and Schwann and elaborated by Virchow, states that the cell is the basic unit of life, all living things are composed of one or more cells, and new cells arise from preexisting cells. Cells come in various shapes and sizes depending on their function, with the smallest being bacteria and the largest being ostrich eggs. Cells are either prokaryotic, lacking membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus, as in bacteria, or eukaryotic, with a nucleus surrounded by organelles, as in plants
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Robert Hooke observed a thin slice of cork under a microscope in 1665 and saw it had a honeycomb-like structure made of tiny compartments, which he named "cells". This was the first time it was discovered that living organisms are made of small structures. Over subsequent decades, other scientists like Van Leeuwenhoek, Brown, and Purkinje further studied cells and proposed the Cell Theory - that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and new cells are produced from existing cells. The development of the microscope was crucial to these discoveries of cells and cellular structures.
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Cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 using a microscope. He observed thin slices of cork that resembled a honeycomb structure consisting of boxes or compartments, which he termed "cells". A cell is the smallest unit capable of performing life functions and is made of organelles that each have a specialized purpose. Important organelles include the nucleus that contains DNA, mitochondria that generate energy, the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus that synthesize proteins and lipids, and plastids in plant cells that perform photosynthesis.
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The document provides an overview of cells and their structures. It discusses that cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 using a microscope. He observed compartments in cork and honeycomb that he termed "cells". The document then explains that the cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. It describes various cellular structures like the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, and organelles and their functions. It compares plant and animal cells and summarizes cellular processes like diffusion, osmosis, and endocytosis.
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The fundamental unit of life
Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 when examining a thin slice of cork under his microscope. He saw that the cork's structure resembled that of a honeycomb, with many small compartments that he named "cells". Cells are the fundamental unit of life and come in many shapes and sizes depending on their function. All cells contain organelles that allow basic life functions like transport, waste removal, energy production and more. Cells can be single-celled or multi-cellular and come in many specialized types across plants, animals and other organisms.
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Robert Hooke discovered cells in 1665 when examining a slice of cork under his microscope. He saw that cork had a honeycomb-like structure consisting of many small compartments, which were later termed cells. All organisms are made of cells, with some being single-celled and others multicellular. Cells have a plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, and various organelles that allow them to carry out functions necessary for life. The basic components and structures of cells were described.
9 the fundamental unit of life
1. Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 while examining a thin slice of cork under a microscope. He saw that the cork resembled a honeycomb consisting of many little compartments, which he called cells.
2. All living things are made up of cells, which are the basic structural and functional units of life. Cells may exist as individual unicellular organisms or as groups of cells forming multicellular organisms.
3. The key components of cells are the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. The plasma membrane separates the cell from its external environment, and regulates what moves in and out of the cell. The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material.
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Cell is the fundamental unit of life. It is the structural and functional unit that forms the basic unit of all living organisms. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria are simpler with no organelles while eukaryotic cells like plant and animal cells are more complex with membrane-bound organelles. The cell consists of a plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. Within the cytoplasm are various organelles that perform specific functions to keep the cell alive.
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the fundamental unit of life
A cell is the fundamental unit of life that can carry out all functions necessary for living independently. Cells come in various shapes and sizes, from microscopic to large like an ostrich egg. A cell is enclosed by a plasma membrane and contains a cytoplasm with many cell organelles. Key organelles include the nucleus that houses DNA, mitochondria that power the cell, the endoplasmic reticulum for transport, Golgi complex for packaging, lysosomes for digestion, plastids like chloroplasts for photosynthesis in plants, and vacuoles for storage. Cells are classified as prokaryotic without a nucleus or eukaryotic with a membrane-bound nucleus.
fundamental unit of life
The document discusses the fundamental unit of life - the cell. It provides details about the discovery of cells and outlines several key points of the cell theory. The main components of cells, including the plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm and various organelles, are described along with their structures and functions. The key differences between plant and animal cells as well as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are highlighted. Various cellular processes such as diffusion, osmosis, and the effects of isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solutions are also explained.
The fundamental unit of life
The document discusses the key components and structures of plant and animal cells. It begins by explaining how Robert Hooke first observed cells in cork in 1665 under a microscope. It then describes the basic components of cells, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and vacuoles. The functions of these various organelles are outlined. The document concludes with an overview comparing the main differences between typical plant and animal cells.
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This document provides an overview of cellular structure and function. It discusses how Hooke and Leeuwenhoek were the first to observe cells under microscopes in the 1700s. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, which are the basic unit of life and can only come from preexisting cells. The document then covers prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures, cellular transport mechanisms like diffusion, osmosis, and active transport, and cellular components such as the plasma membrane and organelles.
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This chapter discusses the basic unit of life - the cell. It defines key characteristics of life and explains the basic structures and functions of cells, including their ability to obtain and use energy, communicate, reproduce, and transport materials. Specifically, it compares prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, describes cellular organelles and membranes, and explains important processes like photosynthesis and cellular respiration that allow cells to harness and utilize energy.
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The document discusses the basic structure and function of cells. It notes that cells are the smallest living units that can only be seen with a microscope. Robert Hooke in the mid-1600s first observed cells when looking at a sliver of cork through a microscope and coined the term "cell". All cells have a surrounding membrane, cell contents in thick fluid called protoplasm, structures for cell function called organelles, and a control center with DNA. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic which were the first cells on earth like bacteria and archaea, and eukaryotic cells which have a nucleus bound by a membrane and include fungi, protists, plants and animals. Key cellular organelles are
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The word cell is derived from the Latin word “cellula” which means “a little room”
It was the British botanist Robert Hooke who, in 1664, while examining a slice of bottle cork under a microscope, found its structure resembling the box-like living quarters of the monks in a monastery, and coined the word “cells”
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CBSE Class 8 / VIII General Ccience Power Point Presentation
Prepared By
Praveen M Jigajinni
DCSc & Engg,PGDCA,ADCA,MCA,MSc(IT),MTech(IT), M.Phil (Comp Sci)
For Any Queries Please feel free to contact:
Email Id : praveenkumarjigajinni@gmail.com
Cell No: 9431453730
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The document describes the key components of plant and animal cells. It explains that plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, which animal cells do not have. Both plant and animal cells contain a cell membrane, nucleus, nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, vacuoles, and Golgi bodies. Lysosomes are found mostly in animal cells. The nucleus controls the cell's activities, the cell membrane protects the cell and determines what enters and exits, and chloroplasts are where photosynthesis occurs in plant cells.
The fundamental unit of life
Robert Hooke first observed cells in thin slices of cork in 1665 under his microscope and coined the term "cell" to describe their box-like compartments. The cell theory, proposed by Schleiden and Schwann and elaborated by Virchow, states that the cell is the basic unit of life, all living things are composed of one or more cells, and new cells arise from preexisting cells. Cells come in various shapes and sizes depending on their function, with the smallest being bacteria and the largest being ostrich eggs. Cells are either prokaryotic, lacking membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus, as in bacteria, or eukaryotic, with a nucleus surrounded by organelles, as in plants
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The document describes the organelles found in animal and plant cells. In animal cells, the nucleus contains DNA, the cytoplasm protects cell parts, and the cell membrane controls movement into and out of the cell. Other animal cell organelles include the endoplasmic reticulum which transports materials, lysosomes which digest materials, vacuoles which store materials, mitochondria which produce energy, ribosomes which make proteins, and the Golgi body which sorts and packages materials. Plant cells have additional organelles including a cell wall which protects the cell and allows movement of materials, and chloroplasts which produce food for the plant cell using chlorophyll.
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This document discusses the key topics in cell structure and function covered in a biology class, including:
1) The discovery of cells by Robert Hooke in 1665 using microscopes.
2) The Cell Theory which states that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function, and new cells are produced from existing cells.
3) The development of light microscopes and electron microscopes like SEM and TEM which have been used to explore cell structures in more detail.
4) The differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, where prokaryotes lack nuclei and eukaryotes have their genetic material contained within nuclei.
Answers for lab discussions!
The document discusses different types of sugars and their ability to act as reducing agents. It states that monosaccharides are reducing sugars because of their simple structure. The disaccharides maltose and lactose can also act as reducing agents because they have open chemical structures that allow them to be broken down. However, sucrose and polysaccharides are non-reducing sugars. Sucrose has a closed structure that bonds its rings together, while polysaccharides like starches have multiple bonded rings. Both of these structures prevent them from being easily broken down.
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This document discusses cell structure and organization and levels of organization in biology. It describes the functions of cell membranes, nuclei, chloroplasts, vacuoles, ribosomes, and mitochondria. It also lists different types of cells like ciliated cells, root hair cells, xylem vessels, palisade cells, nerve cells, red blood cells, and sperm and egg cells and where they are found and their functions. Finally, it defines tissue as a group of cells that work together, organs as structures made of tissues that perform specific functions, and organ systems as groups of related organs that work to perform body functions.
Cell
Robert Hooke observed a thin slice of cork under a microscope in 1665 and saw it had a honeycomb-like structure made of tiny compartments, which he named "cells". This was the first time it was discovered that living organisms are made of small structures. Over subsequent decades, other scientists like Van Leeuwenhoek, Brown, and Purkinje further studied cells and proposed the Cell Theory - that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and new cells are produced from existing cells. The development of the microscope was crucial to these discoveries of cells and cellular structures.
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Cell structure & functions for class 9 by Susanta Kumar Panda
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Cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 using a microscope. He observed thin slices of cork that resembled a honeycomb structure consisting of boxes or compartments, which he termed "cells". A cell is the smallest unit capable of performing life functions and is made of organelles that each have a specialized purpose. Important organelles include the nucleus that contains DNA, mitochondria that generate energy, the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus that synthesize proteins and lipids, and plastids in plant cells that perform photosynthesis.
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Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 using a primitive microscope. The cell theory proposed by Schleiden and Schwann states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and new cells are produced from existing cells. Organisms can be either unicellular, consisting of a single cell, or multicellular, consisting of many cells. The basic features of cells include a plasma membrane that regulates what enters and exits the cell, cytoplasm within the membrane, and a nucleus containing DNA.
Plant cell
Robert Hooke discovered cells in 1665 using an early microscope. He observed the structures of cork cells. The development of electron microscopes in the 1930s allowed scientists to view cells and organelles at much higher magnifications. Key discoveries included the nucleus by Brown in 1831, living cells by Van Leeuwenhoek in 1674, and the proposal of the cell theory by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow from 1838-1858 stating that cells are the fundamental unit of life. Plant cells have additional structures like a cell wall and chloroplasts. The main components of plant cells are the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. The nucleus contains DNA and controls the cell.
Cell Foundation.pptx
Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. It contains organelles like the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, the cytoplasm contains organelles and molecules for cellular functions, and the nucleus houses genetic material and directs cell activities. Microscopes allow observation of cells that are too small to see with the naked eye.
L-5 Fundamental unit of life.pptx
1. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living organisms.
2. Cells contain organelles that allow them to carry out essential functions like protein production, energy generation, waste disposal, and more.
3. The plasma membrane forms the barrier between the cell's interior and its external environment, and regulates what enters and exits the cell.
Cell Biology
Cytology is the study of cells. Key developments include Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovering microorganisms in the 1670s, Robert Hooke coining the term "cell" in 1665, and Rudolph Virchow establishing that all cells come from pre-existing cells in 1855. The document then describes the basic components of plant and animal cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, organelles, and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Lesson 1: Photosynthesis( Physical science)
Cells are the fundamental unit of life. Robert Hooke first observed cells under a microscope in 1665. The cell theory proposed that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function, and new cells are produced from existing cells. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack organelles and a nucleus, and eukaryotic cells which have organelles and a nucleus. Photosynthesis uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-storing organic compounds like sugar, and occurs in chloroplasts in plant cells and other photosynthetic organisms.
Presentación trabajo final
This document discusses cell biology and provides information about cell structure and function. It begins by introducing cells as the fundamental unit of life and discusses their discovery. It then covers key aspects of cell theory such as the idea that all cells come from preexisting cells. The document goes on to describe the main structures of plant and animal cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, and organelles. It also discusses the different types of cells, such as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and plant versus animal cells. In the final sections, it focuses on cell reproduction and the cell cycle.
The Fundamental unit of life- Cell, Class 9 Chapter-5
Robert Hooke first discovered cells in 1665 while observing a thin slice of cork under his microscope. He observed that the cork's structure resembled a honeycomb with many small compartments, which he named "cells". A cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things. Cells can be either unicellular, consisting of a single cell, or multicellular, consisting of many cells. All cells contain organelles that allow basic life functions to occur and specialized cells perform unique functions in multicellular organisms.
The funamentalunit of life
Cell is the fundamental unit of life. It is the structural and functional unit that forms the basic unit of all living organisms. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria are simpler with no organelles while eukaryotic cells like plant and animal cells are more complex with membrane-bound organelles. The cell consists of a plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. Within the cytoplasm are various organelles that perform specific functions like mitochondria, chloroplasts and lysosomes.
The fundametal unit of life
1. Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 when examining a thin slice of cork under a microscope. He saw that the cork resembled a honeycomb structure made up of many small compartments, which he called cells.
2. The cell theory, developed by Schleiden and Schwann in 1838-1839, states that all living things are composed of cells, and the cell is the basic unit of life.
3. Cells can be unicellular, with a single cell constituting the whole organism, or multicellular, with many cells grouped together to form organisms like plants and animals.
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The Fundamental unit of life- Cell, Class 9 Chapter-5
The Fundamental unit of life- Cell, Class 9 Chapter-5
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Working of institution
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fundamental unit of life
- 1. TODAY WE ARE GOING TO LEARN A NEW CHAPTER THAT IS THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE Welcome to the session on you tube platform
- 2. INTRODUCTION To begin the session with I like to ask some basic questions from last year syllabus. 1)what is cell? 2)who discovered cell?
- 3. What are living organisms made of?? Living organisms are made of cell (the structural and fundamental unit of life). Cell are not visible to the naked eyes. They are only visible through the microscopes(primitive, compound, electronic)
- 5. Points included in cell theory All living things are made up of cells. Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All new cells come from pre-existing cells.
- 6. Other inventers 1674- Anton van Leeuwenhooke found living cell in pond wate • Robert Brown(1931)- Found nucleus • Purkinje(1839- found protoplasm.
- 7. Unicellular and multicellular organism: Unicellular organism • Unicellular organism is made up of 1 cell. within one cell every works are done Multicellular organism • Multicellular organisms are made up of many cell in which division of work takes place
- 8. Cell organelles: PLASMA OR CELL MEMBRANE: plasma or cell membrane allows only certain things to move in and out of the cell so it is called also as SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE. It is made up of proteins and lipids and it is porous.
- 9. Diffusion VS Osmosis The movement of air from high concentrated area to low concentrated are is called diffusion. For example: the amount of CO2 is lower in atmosphere than inside our body but oxygen in lower in body than atmosphere. So Co2 is highly concentrated in body so the air (co2) moves to lower concentrated area that is atmosphere in the other hand oxygen is lower in our body(lower concentrated) than atmosphere( highly concentrated) so the oxygen moves inside the body, that’s why we exhale carbon dioxide and inhale oxygen.
- 10. The movement of water molecules from high concentrated area to lower concentrated area Is called osmosis.
- 11. Types of solution in Osmosis There are 3 types of solution in osmosis Hypotonic solution Isotonic solution Hypertonic solution Hypotonic solution: the cell contain very less amount of water than the surrounding medium ,so cell gain water from the surrounding medium is is called Hypotonic solution.
- 12. Isotonic solution: if the cell's water content is equal to the medium water content there is no osmosis taking place. It is called as Isotonic solution
- 13. Hypertonic solution: if the medium has lower content of water than the cell,the osmosis takes between cell and the medium. This is called as Hypertonic solution.
- 15. Endocytosis Trapping of food by the organism by producing vesicles.
- 16. CELL WALL: In addition to the plasma membarane the cell also have another rigid covering called as cell wall. Cell wall is present only in the plant cell to give support for climatic changes. Plant cell is mainly composed of cellulose.
- 18. NUCLEUS Nucleus is known as 'Brain of cell' because it controls all the functions of cell. It is present inside the cell.the nucleus has a double layered wall as nuclear memebrane. The nucleus contains chromosome (rod-shaped). Chromosome contains DNA and RNA.
- 19. CHROMATIN Chromatin is a substance within a chromosome consisting of DNA and protein. ... The major proteins in chromatin are histones, which help package the DNA in a compact form that fits in the cell nucleus. Changes in chromatin structure are associated with DNA replication and gene expression chromatin is only visible when cell divides. When the cell divides the chromosome got organized into chromosomes.
- 20. PROKARYOTE AND EUCARYOTE Prokaryotic cell are the cells in which the nucleus is not well defined. The word ‘PRO’ means primitive or primary. Eucaryotic cell are the cells in which the nucleus is well defined.
- 21. CYTOPLASM Plasma membrane have the fluid substance between nucleus and the cell wall. That fluid substance is known as cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is responsible for formation of proteins. It allow the movement of harmones in and out cell. It dissolves the cellular waste.