School administration and supervision must be scientific, based on accepted educational philosophy, and creative. It must also be evaluated based on its results. To be effective, administration and supervision must emphasize using facts and scientific principles to discover solutions. It should also be guided by and integrate educational philosophies, like Dewey's view that education is life and growth. Administration encourages growth by providing opportunities for teachers and pupils to develop their talents. The effectiveness of administration can be determined by evaluating the outcomes and whether it promotes pupil and societal growth. Clear definition of duties is also important to avoid conflicts between administrators at different levels.

1. Administration and Supervision
3.School administration and
supervision to be
effective,it must be
scientific.
-emphasize that the use of the
scientific principle and that the
solution of problems should be
based on facts.
-the effort is to discover rather than

2. -the best way to determine whether a
thing is present or not,is to “look and
see” but sometimes we use only those
things we look for,so being an
administrator and supervisor we must
be factconscious.
In scientific administration and
supervision,basic rules and principles
are not only discovered but also
organized and applied to the teaching
learning situation.

3. 4. School administration and
supervision must be based on
accepted educational
philosophy.
-Philosophy-is a background of
theory of knowledge and beliefs which
explains and justifies a selected way of
life.
-educational philosophy affects the
thinking and resultant action of the
leaders who control public school’s
administration and supervision.

4. • -the integrati-example is the Dewey’s
educational philosophy that
“education is life, growth process
and a reconstruction of human
experiences” which become now the
guiding a social philosophy of the
Phil. Educational System.
• on of personality which posses a
well-developed standard of values,
giving consistency and unity to all
thinking, feeling and acting.

5. -this guiding philosophy of our
educational system is well-outlined in
the Philippine constitutions in terms of
objectives namely:
*development of moral and
personal descipline
*civic conscience
*vocational efficiency
*citizenship training

6. 5. School administration and
supervision must be creative.
-the term creative here means
initiating , suggesting, devising,
inventing, experimenting or producing
something new.
-creative administration encourages
growth.

7. This provides opportunity for the
teachers and pupils to grow through
the exercise of their talents and
abilities under expert and professional
guidance and encouragement.

8. 6. Administration and supervision
must be evaluated in the lights of
their results.
-it has been pointed out that only by
knowing as accurate as possible the results
of instruction can be process of education
be improved.
-the effectiveness of administration or
supervision for examples may be
determined either through application of
criteria designed to judge the value of the
activities performed or through the
measurement of the immediate outcomes

9. The purposes for which effectiveness
of administrative or supervisory
leadership may be evaluated are the
following:
a. The ultimate purpose is to promote
pupil-growth; hence eventually the
improvement of society.
b. To formulate and carry out co-
operatively educational policies and
plans designed to achieve the ultimate
goal.

10. c. To supply leadership in securing
continuity and constant readaptation
of the educational program over a
period of years from level to level
within the system, and from one area
of learning experiences and content to
another.
d. To develop co-operatively favorable
settings for teaching and learning.

11. in matters of school
administration and
supervision must run
parralel throughout the
system.
-In the distribution of functions
between the School Principal and
Division Superintendent for example
this principle governs.
-However, it is also the duties of the
superintendent to hire or appoint
teachers, opening classes, or any other

12. Division and district supervisors come
into conflicts with the boundary line of
their respective functions.
Responsibility and control is an
essential problem in the improvement
of democratic practice in school
administration and supervision.
To avoid this, there be a deeper
understanding and clear definition of
duties.

13. Thank you and
have a nice day