This document discusses the scope and coverage of administration and supervision in education. Administration is defined as organizing human and material resources to achieve goals, while supervision refers to leadership efforts to improve instruction. The scope of administration includes managing school personnel, finances, facilities, curriculum, guidance/discipline, and community relations. Supervision involves inspection to identify problems, research to find solutions, training teachers in new methods, guidance to help teachers improve, and evaluation to assess instructional outcomes and improve the educational process. Both administration and supervision aim to effectively organize resources and provide leadership to improve instruction.

1. ADMINISTRATION

2.  Is a universal process which characterizes of group
efforts-public or private, large and small scale
 Technically it is the organization,direction and control of
human and material resources to achieve the desired ends
 It is a process of running an organization

3. SUPERVISION

4.  The action of supervising someone or something,
 According to Good, supervision refers to all efforts designated
school officials directed toward providing leadership for
teachers and other educational workers in the improvement of
instructions.

5. COVERAGE OF
ADMINISTRATION AND
SUPERVISION

6. SCOPE OF ADMINISTRATION
 Administration of School Personnel
- includes all policies, activities, and practices of the
administration and staff designed to increase the effectiveness of
teaching personnel.

7.  School Finance and Budget Management
- includes the financing of the school system, the sources of
funds and the estimated expenditures.
 School Plant Management
- these resources cover the planning and organization of
school facilities and buildings to ensure the school is safe, stimulating
and effectively managed.

8.  Curriculum Organization and Management
- includes the process of selecting curriculum elements
from the subject, the current social life and the student’s experience,
then designing the selected curriculum elements appropriately so that
they can form the curriculum structure and type

9.  Guidance and Discipline
- includes the system of rules, punishments and behavioral
strategies appropriate to the regulation of children and the
maintenance of orders in schools. It’s aim is to control the students
actions and behavior.

10.  School and Community Relation
- the Phil. Education Act of 1982 described educational
community as those persons or group of persons who are associated
in the institutions involved in organized teaching and learning system.
Members and elements of educational community:
1. Parents or guardians or the head of the institution
2. Students

11. 3. Pupils
4. School Personnel
a. Teaching or Academic Staff
b. School Administrators
c. Academic non-teaching personnel
d. Non-academic personnel
5. School Institutions

12.  Non-Formal Education
- includes organized school-based educational activities aimed at
attaining specific learning objectives for a particular clientele, especially
the illiterate adults and out-of-school youths.
 Evaluating Results of School Administration
- includes evaluation of desirable schools and teaching personnel
performance as outcomes of policies, activities and practices of
administration and staff.

13. SCOPE OF SUPERVISION
 Inspection
This is actually the study of:
- school conditions,
to discover problems or defects of the:
- students - equipment - objectives
- teachers - school curriculum - methods

14.  Research
- to remedy the weaknesses of the solution to solve
problems discovered.
The supervisor should conduct research to
discover means, methods and procedure fundamental to
the success of supervision. The solutions discovered
are then passed on the teachers.

15.  Training
- acquainting teachers with solutions discovered in research through
training.
Training may be in the form of :
- demonstration teaching - intervisitation
- workshops - professional classes
- seminars - use of bulletin board
- classroom observations
- individual or group conferences

16.  Guidance
- involved personal help given by someone.
It is the function of the supervision to:
- Stimulate - Direct - Guide - Encourage
the teachers to apply
instructional procedures
techniques
principles
and devices

17.  Evaluation
- appraises the outcomes and the factors conditioning the
outcomes of instructions and to improve the products and process of
instructions.