IT IS ONLY FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSE DONE BY AHMED MOHIUDDIN, ALI ABBAS. EBRAHIM HABIB,NAZIM SHEIKH,ND BASIT ALI

1. FOREST AND POLLUTION IN
PAKISTAN
………………………………………………………………………………

2. OVERVIEW
1.Definition of Pollution And Forest
2.Types of Pollution
3.Air Pollution:
a. Introduction c. Effects
b. Causes d. Prevention
4.Water Pollution
a. Introduction c. Effects
b. Causes d. Prevention
5.Noise Pollution
a. Introduction c. Effects
b. Causes d. Prevention

3. OVER VIEW
To be continue 2nd
Slide
1.Land Pollution
Introduction
Causes
Effects
Prevention
2. Radio Active Pollution
Introduction
Causes
Effects
Prevention

4. OVERVIEW
.Types Of Forest
1.Conifeorus forest
2.Tropical Thorn Forest
3.Riverain or Bela Forest
4.Mangrove Forest
5.Irigated Forest
6.Alpine Forest
7.Sub-Tropical Scrub Forest

5. DEFINITION OF POLLUTION
 When Harmful Substances Contaminate the Environment it is Called
Pollution.
 Pollution refers to the very bad condition of environment in terms of
quantity and quality .

6. Types of Pollution
There are Five types of Pollution
 Air Pollution
 Water Pollution
 Noise Pollution
 Land Pollution
 Radio Active Pollution
08/23/17

7. What is Atmosphere
1.Atmosphere is the life blanket of Earth.
2.It is therefore essential that we know more about the atmosphere and
the ways in which it is Polluted.

8. Air Pollution In Pakistan
ISLAMABAD: “Pakistan’s urban air pollution is
among the most severe in the world and it
engenders significant damage to human
health and the economy,” according to a
newly-released report titled ‘Cleaning
Pakistan’s Air

9. Effects of Air Pollution
Air Pollution affects???
 Human health
 Animals
 Plants
 The atmosphere as a whole

10. How to Avoid Air Pollution
Use natural Gases, like log autos
Do not Burst Crackers
Use less Amount of Fuel for Vehicles
Avoid using and use electric stoves
(bio gas)

11. Water God’s Valuable Gift

12. Definition of Water Pollution
The Contamination of water with
undesirable substances which
make it unfit for usage
is termed water Pollution.

13. Causes of Water Pollution
 About 40% of Deaths worldwide are caused by Water Pollution.
 Water Pollution is Caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes
and affluent discharged into rivers.
 Noise also causes anxiety stress reaction and fright.

14. Water Pollution Pictures

15. Effects of Water Pollution
 Diseases like Cholera
 Malaria
 Typhoid (spread during the rainy season )
 Aquatic life gets destroyed

16. How to Avoid Water Pollution
 Rivers should not be used for washing clothes or bathing animals in.
 Harvesting of Rainwater to meet water requirements.
 Dams &embankments must be created.
 The rivers must not be contaminated.
 In sacred river like Ganga the dead bodies shouldn’t thrown.

17. NOISELESS ATMOSPHERE
 Noise can be simply defined as unwanted
sound.
 The sound is pleasant or not depends
upon its loudness ,duration ,rhythm and
the mood of the person.
 Noise pollution not only results in irritation
and anger.
08/23/17

18. Causes of Noise Pollution
 Traffic Noise
 Air craft Noise
 Noise from construction and civil engineering works.
 Noise from the Industries.
 Noise from other sources.

19. See what is this?
 Picture shows : Noise Pollution

20. Effects of Noise Pollution
 Hearing Loss
 High Blood Pressure
 Stress
 Sleep Disturbance
 Colour Blindness

21. How to Avoid Noise Pollution
 The Government should ensure the new machines that Should be
noise proof.
 Air ports must be away from residential area.
 The Sound horn symbol is to be in School Roads.

22. Prevention of Noise Pollution
 Pleasant Home
 Bhargava Baba says “Silent is God”.
 We need to talk sweetly to others.
 Talk Less Work More.
 Sound affects our ears so loud noise should be avoided.

23. Definition of Land Pollution
 One fourth of area is covered by land is Called Land.
 Land is a earth which is occupied by people for shelter, occupation
etc..,

24. Causes of Land Pollution
We can classify major sources that lead to
land following Categories
 Mining and quarrying
 Sewage waste
 Household Garbage
 Industrial Waste
08/23/17

25. 08/23/17
PICTURES OF LAND POLLUTION

26. Effects of Land Pollution
 The Land Cannot be construct house
 Man cannot be farming
 Ground water will gets Affected
 House hold Garbage like putting Plastics
08/23/17

27. Prevention of Land Pollution
 More and more land should be brought under farming
 Trees should be planted everywhere.
 Waste matter should be disposed immediately
 Avoid drilling the Land for more underground water.
 Avoid using more fertilizers and Pesticides.

28. Definition of Radio Active Pollution
Despite the Advantage of nuclear as a
clean energy, the big concern is the
resulted from nuclear reaction, which is a
form of pollution called Radio activity.
Radiation (Laser-Rays) will from Radio
Active Pollution.
08/23/17

29. Causes of Radio Active Pollution
 Nuclear power plants(Ex: Nayeli, Kalpak am)
 Nuclear Weapon(Ex: Missiles)
 Disposal of Nuclear Waste
 Uranium Mining

30. Effects of Radio Active Pollution
 The Diseases include blood in cough
 Ulcer
 Swelling of bone joints
 Cancer
 Lung Cancer
 Skin Cancer
 Bone Cancer
 Eye Problems

31. How to Prevent of Radio Active
Pollution
Avoid Constructing Nuclear Power Plants
Avoid Using Nuclear Weapon
Have Proper Treatment for Nuclear Waste
Avoid mining for Uranium to a minimal
08/23/17

32. Coniferous Forests
 Found in Northern Areas, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Hill
stations such as Murree and the Baluchistan
mountains.
 Evergreen forests. Conical in shape, sloping
branches which prevent snow accumulation, small
thick leathery, needle like leaves to prevent loss of
water.
 Important source of timber. For the conservation of
soil. Conserving centre for birds and wildlife. Also
attract tourists and promote tourism. Add scenic
beauty too.

33. Example of a Coniferous forest

34. Tropical Thorn Forest
 Commonly found in the Punjab plains, throughout
southern and western Baluchistan and the Sindh
plains.
 They have a low height (6-10 meters), forest
dominated by thorny hardwood, deep roots to
search for water, scanty vegetation due to water
shortage.
 Trees used for firewood.

35. An Example of Tropical thorn
Forest

36. Riverain or Bela Forest
 Located near River Indus and its tributaries
 Linear plantation along the banks of rivers, normally
high yielding commercial hardwood species.
 They provide Shishum and Babul, two valuable
species, which are used for making furniture and are
also for agricultural implements.

37. An Example of a Riverain forest

38. Mangrove Forests
 Located in the coastal areas of Sindh and the
coastal areas of Baluchistan.
 They have broad leaves with drip tips, leathery
textures to minimize transpiration, low trees and
shrubs grown on the tidal mud flats. Mangrove roots
spread into sea water and survive in salty water. The
trees rise to 6-8 meters but general height is 3
meters. Stunted growth of trees in Indus and the Hub
delta. Limited number of species in polluted water.

39. Importance of Mangrove
Forests
 Supply firewood
 Coastal Communities use these forests for timber.
 Breeding grounds for fish and shrimps. Livestock
feed on the leaves too
 Fallen leaves provide nutrition for marine life
 Protect coastline from erosion and other damage
 Act as barrier against intensity of Earthquakes and
tsunamis by absorbing shock waves

40. An Example of A Mangrove
Forest

41. Irrigated Forest
 Changa Manga, Wan Bach ran in the Thai Area,
Chichi Watni in the Sahiwal district and Guddu
barrages and Ghulam Muhammed district
 Economically important species are planted in large
blocks. Shisham, Babul and Eucalyptus are normally
preferred.
 Important sources of timber, firewood. When
planted in linear form they provide shade.

42. Changa Manga

43. Alpine Forests
 Northern Areas (Chiral, Dir and Kohistan)
 Found on high altitude areas
 Trees with stunted growth, due to low temperature
and less sunlight.
 Normally upward branches to attain maximum
sunlight.
 Essential to obtain fuel wood only.

44. Example of an Alpine Forest

45. Sub-Tropical Scrub Forest
 Located in the Hills and foothills of Lower Himalayas,
the Suleiman and Kithara ranges, the Western
mountains, and above the Macron coast range.
 These Sub Tropical trees and broad leafed and are
tropical thorny species.
 Uses consist of, as a watershed protection, supplying
firewood and grazing purposes.

46. An Example of a Sub-Tropical
Thorn Forest

47. THANK YOU……..
BY
AHMEDMOHIUDDIN,NAZIM SHEIKH,ALI.ABBAS ,
EBRAHIM HABIB AND BASIT ALI
08/23/17