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Types of Forests in Pakistan
This document describes several types of forests found in Pakistan. Alpine forests are located in northern areas at high altitudes and have stunted tree growth due to low temperatures and sunlight. Coniferous forests are found in northern areas and hill stations and have conical trees with sloping branches to prevent snow accumulation and needle-like leaves. Tropical thorn forests are found in plains areas and have low-height, thorny trees with deep roots. Sub-tropical scrub forests are located in hills and foothills and have broad-leaved trees. Riverain or Bela forests are located along river banks and provide valuable hardwood. Mangrove forests are located along coastal areas and have broad, leathery leaves to
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Types of Forests in Pakistan
- 1. D O NE B Y G R O U P A L P H A Types of Forests Syed Hasan Bari
- 2. Alpine Forests NorthernAreas (Chitral, Dir and Kohistan) Found on high altitude areas Trees with stunted growth, due to low temperature and less sunlight. Normally upward branches to attain maximum sunlight. Essential to obtain fuel wood only.
- 3. Example of anAlpine Forest
- 4. Coniferous Forests Foundin Northern Areas, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Hill stations such as Murree and the Balochistan mountains. Evergreen forests. Conical in shape, sloping branches which prevent snow accumulation, small thick leathery, needle like leaves to prevent loss of water. Important source of timber. For the conservation of soil. Conserving centre for birds and wildlife. Also attract tourists and promote tourism. Add scenic beauty too.
- 5. Example of aConiferous forest
- 6. Tropical Thorn Forest Commonly found in the Punjab plains, throughout southern and western Balochistan and the Sindh plains. They have a low height (6-10 meters), forest dominated by thorny hardwood, deep roots to search for water, scanty vegetation due to water shortage. Trees used for firewood.
- 7. An Example ofTropical thorn Forest
- 8. Sub-Tropical Scrub Forest Located in the Hills and foothills of Lower Himalayas, the Suleiman and Kirthar ranges, the Western mountains, and above the Makran coast range. These Sub Tropical trees and broad leafed and are tropical thorny species. Uses consist of, as a watershed protection, supplying firewood and grazing purposes.
- 9. An Example ofa Sub-Tropical Thorn Forest
- 10. Riverain or BelaForest Located near River Indus and its tributaries Linear plantation along the banks of rivers, normally high yielding commercial hardwood species. They provide Shishum and Babul, two valuable species, which are used for making furniture and are also for agricultural implements.
- 11. An Example ofa Riverain forest
- 12. Mangrove Forests Locatedin the coastal areas of Sindh and the coastal areas of Baluchistan. They have broad leaves with drip tips, leathery textures to minimize transpiration, low trees and shrubs grown on the tidal mud flats. Mangrove roots spread into sea water and survive in salty water. The trees rise to 6-8 meters but general hieght is 3 meters. Stunted growth of trees in Indus and the Hub delta. Limited number of species in polluted water.
- 13. Importance of MangroveForests Supply firewood Coastal Communities use these forests for timber. Breeding grounds for fish and shrimps. Livestock feed on the leaves too Fallen leaves provide nutrition for marine life Protect coastline from erosion and other damage Act as barrier against intensity of Earthquakes and tsunamis by absorbing shock waves
- 14. An Example ofA Mangrove Forest
- 15. Irrigated Forest ChangaManga, Wan Bachran in the Thal Area, Chicha Watni in the Sahiwal district and Guddu barrages and Ghulam Muhammed district Economically important species are planted in large blocks. Shisham, Babul and Eucalyptus are normally preferred. Important sources of timber, firewood. When planted in linear form they provide shade.
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