fire safety training

आग की रोकथाम
और नियंत्रण
विषय की प्रस्तुतत कर रहे
हैं
नंद लाल चौबे
(सहायक प्रबंधक- सुरक्षा)

Insight of
AMRI incident
08.12.11

4/6/2022 11:06 AM Fire Safety & Emergency Evacuation
Training By N.L.Choubey
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Fire Safety & Emergency Evacuation

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It is kind request to please keep your
mobile on SILENT MODE

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For Your Information:
• Fire Safety
• First Aid
• Duration – 1.5 HRS
• Toilet

10
Overview - Theory
Legislation & Responsibilities
The Chemistry of Fire
Types of Fires
Fire Safety Management
Emergency Evacuation Procedure

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Overview - Practical
Practical Demonstration
- Selecting the correct type of fire
extinguisher & how to use it
Video
- Fire Safety in The Workplace

12
Fires incident

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VISION
To raise the level of Prevention
and Preparedness, so as to
minimize loss of life and
property in the factory from fire
and non-fire emergencies and to
inculcate safety consciousness
among the general public.

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MISSION
Fulfilling the main objectives of fire
prevention, fire protection, fire fighting
and rescue. The department generally
attends emergency calls which are not
directly connected with fire, in order to
help the people in distress. The
department is being developed to
provide effective fire and emergency
cover to the people and property in the
factory.

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Developing Fire and Emergency
Service as a Service Provider for
reaching help to the people in
distress, for all hazard purposes;
Ensuring community safety and
enriching the members of the
profession through training and
education for preventing and
mitigating the Fire loss to facilitate
improve public safety.

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OBJECTIVES OF THE FIRE TRAINING
1. To prevent and suppress unwanted fires
by rendering prompt and efficient services
so as to keep the loss of life and property to
the minimum.
2. To conduct fire safety awareness , method
of inspection in hazardous occupancies and
to advise Management so as to reduce risk
by fire.
3. To impart training in Fire Prevention, Fire
Fighting and Fire Protection.

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4. To implement fire safety regulatory measures
under Fire Service Rules for uses of places and
trades for purpose involving risk from fire.
5. To provide standby protection at large
gatherings and important public and private
functions.
6. To provide Ambulance services to rush the
effected person and sick to the hospital during
accidents.

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7. To check installation of Fire Protection measures and carry
out Fire Fighting and responding to non-fire emergencies due
to natural and manmade disasters.
8. To prevent loss of life and property from fire and non-fire
emergencies like highway motor accidents, building collapse,
landslides, still water rescue, Industrial hazards, spillage and
toxic release, inter-alia technological hazards and to render
humanitarian services and special services.
9. To promote Community based preventive and coping
strategies for all kinds of emergencies including fire.

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Policy
• The policy of any Factory about fire safety is to
prevent fires/emergency situations from
occurring , and to evacuate all persons to a
place of safety as quickly as possible in the
event of such occurrences.

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Legal Background
• Fire Services Act 1981
• Safety, Health, and Welfare at Work Act 2005
– Employers duties
– Employees duties
• Safety, Health, and Welfare at Work (General
Application) (Amendment No.2) Regulations 2003
– To provide the necessary measures for fire fighting & evacuation
of employees
– To contact appropriate emergency services

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FIRE SAFETY
TIPS
( VIDEO CLIP )

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Responsibilities For Fire Safety:
• All staff should:
– Ensure that ones acts /omissions do not
create a fire or other hazard
– Observe all policies & procedures in
relation to fire safety
– Follow the Evacuation Procedure
– Report fire hazards
– Undertake fire safety training

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Risks of Fire
Impact on the organisation:
• Structural damage to buildings
• Loss – financial, reputation, facilities, research,
expertise, and lost work
Impact on the environment:
• Pollution – water, air, soil, flora & fauna.

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Risks of Fire
Impact on human life:
• Physical injuries e.g. burns, smoke inhalation!
• Psychological effects e.g. post traumatic stress
syndrome
• Occupational issues e.g. loss of earnings,
unemployment, work related stress.
• Loss of life

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Chemistry of Fire
• 3 Elements
- Fuel, Oxygen & Energy
• Example
– Wood, Air, Spark
• Need all three elements to
start a fire
• Fire extinguishers remove
one or more of these
elements

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Sources of Ignition
 Chemical Ignition oily rags by oxidation, flammable
liquids.
 Electrical Insulation breakdown – short circuits, over
loading circuits, connections too tight or
too loose
 Mechanical Sparks generated by friction or welding ,
overheating, dust-covered motors
 Others Sources: Smoking, hot surfaces, articles placed on
heating appliances, arson

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Sources of Fuel
• Solids – e.g. paper, cloth, wood, textiles,
dust, packaging materials etc.
• Gases e.g. LPG, welding gases
• Flammable liquids – e.g. petrol, oil, paint,
cleaning fluids, chemicals etc.

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Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) Tank
Fire 29th October- 4th November 2009
? Time?
? How many died?
? Why?
 Total 90 Hrs
 12 people lost their lives, 150 injured,$65000,000 property damage &
65000,000 ltrs petroleum burned.
 Root Cause – leak in pipeline is suspected to have caused the blaze &
lack of supervision .
 Very Poor standards of fire safety & housekeeping

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Fire Safety Management
Key Elements:
1. Fire Prevention
2. Fire Protection
3. Fire Evacuation
Prevention
Protection
Evacuation

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Fire Prevention
The elimination of risks by controlling sources of ignition and management of
combustible and flammable fuels.
Necessary to:
– Recognise all possible risks associated with an activity / process
– Evaluate the risks and their likely impact on the process
– Control of risks to ensure that ignition does not occur
– Implement controls identified in the Risk Assessment / Safety Statement

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Fire Prevention
• No Smoking Policy:
– Smoking is prohibited in all internal buildings and near
entrances/exits/window openings.
• Housekeeping:
– We all must keep our work areas clean and tidy as
possible as & dispose of all waste appropriately.
– Access to escape routes, exit doors or fire extinguishers
should be kept clear.
– Remember corridors are your route to safety - so keep
them clear!

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Hazard Spotting
• Always report any hazard using in the factory .
Hazard Report Forms is available at Fire office /
Safety Office.
• For Example:
– Leakage of flammable material
– If any exit door is blocked or obstructed
– If fire-fighting equipment is missing, damaged or
obstructed
– Locked windows

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Fire Protection
Fire extinguishing equipment
– Fire extinguishers
– Hose reels
– Fire blankets
– Sprinkler systems
Fire protection infrastructure
– Manual systems “break glass unit”
– Automatic systems to detect and give warning in case of fire
– Emergency lighting systems
– Escape routes

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Types of Fires
• Class A: SOLIDS - such as paper, wood, plastic,
carpets, furniture etc.
• Class B: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS -such as
paraffin, petrol, oil
• Class C: FLAMMABLE GASES - such as
propane, butane.
• Class D: METALS - such as aluminum,
magnesium
• Class E: ELECTRICS
• Class F: Cooking OIL & FAT etc

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Types of FireExtinguishers
– Each type of extinguisher has a specific use!
– Important to consider the nature of the fire risk
before deciding on which type to use.
4 Most Common Types:
• Water
• Carbon Dioxide Gas
• Foam
• Dry Powder

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Water
• Use on CLASS A fires
• Red label
• Pressurized water
• Pressure gauge present

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Carbon Dioxide
• Use on CLASS -B,
C and E
• Black label
• Hard, plastic nozzle
• No pressure gauge

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Dry Powder
• Use on CLASS A, B, C,
D & E fires
• Blue label
• Fine powder under
pressure
• Pressure gauge present

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Foam
• Use on CLASS A &
CLASS B fires
• Cream label
• Works by forming a blanket
on the burning surface
preventing re-ignition and
bringing about cooling.

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Wet Chemical
• Use on Class F fires
• Yellow Label
• Solution reacts with oil
to prevent re-ignition

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Selecting the correct type of extinguisher to use
Class Material Extinguisher Type
A SOLIDS such as paper,
wood, plastic
Water POWDER Foam
B Flammable LIQUIDS
such as paraffin, petrol,
oil.
POWDER Foam CO2

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Selecting the correct type of extinguisher to use
C Flammable GASES
such as propane and
butane
POWDER
D METALS such as
Magnesium and
Aluminium
POWDER

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Selecting the correct type
of extinguisher to use
E ELECTRICAL FIRES
CO2 Powder
F Cooking Oil & Fat
Wet Chemical

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P.A.S.S. Method
Pull the pin
This will allow you to
squeeze the handle in
order to discharge the
extinguisher

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P.A.S.S. Method
Aim at the base of the
fire
Aiming at the middle
will do no good.
The agent will pass
through the flames.

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P.A.S.S. Method
Squeeze the
handle
This will release the
extinguishing agent

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P.A.S.S. Method
Sweep side to side
• Cover the entire area that is on
fire.
• Continue until fire is
extinguished.
• Keep an eye on the area for
re-lighting.
• Remember to stand well back
from the fire.

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EMERGENCY
ACTION PLAN
( VIDEO CLIP )

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Points to Remember
• Before attempting to use any fire extinguisher
always check the label to ensure it is suitable and
safe to use.
• In fires involving electrical equipment and gaseous
fires, the prime need is to SWITCH THE
SUPPLY OFF !
• Extinguishing before the supply is off may cause
an explosion or electric shock.

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Fighting a Fire!
Only fight a fire …..
• when an exit is to your back
• when it is small and in the early stages
• when you have the correct fire
equipment & you know how to use it
• when the equipment is depleted leave
the area as quickly as possible.
Remember - if in doubt get out!

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Indications of Fire/Emergency
• Fire alarm sounder &/or strobe lights (main indication)
Other indications may be….
• Flickering lights / power failure
• Smoke/dust– smell &/or sight
• Unusual sounds e.g. glass shattering
• Unexplained spark generation
• Smell of fuels e.g. gas
• Unexplained heat levels

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If you hear an alarm
DO NOT
assume it is a drill,
Your life may depend on it!
If You Discover A Fire:
• Activate the alarm by operating the
nearest “break glass unit”
• If it is safe to do so, extinguish the fire
using the equipment provided
• Leave the building promptly – do not use
the lift!

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Emergency Evacuation Procedure
(all staff, workers, visitors, contractors)
• Evacuate the building using the nearest and
safest exit, ensuring the safe shutdown of
equipment/electricity/gas.
• All workers should be led by supervisors /
technicians / engineers.
• Visitors should be escorted to safety by the
person they are visiting.

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• Form a single file on both sides of the
corridor or stairway and leave the centre
passageway clear.
• Any person in common areas or moving
between areas, should join the lines of people
exiting the area.
• The last person in the line closes the door.
• Evacuation marshals will sweep/search their
designated areas.

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• Disperse from the building and go to the
nearest assembly point.
• The Incident Controller will provide the
emergency services with details of casualties
or persons needing assistance with
evacuation
• No person shall re-enter the building until the
all clear has been given by the Incident
Controller.

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Evacuation Marshals / Sweepers
Evacuation Marshals / Sweepers are
designated for planned evacuations.
It is the responsibility of each evacuation marshal / sweeper:
 To “sweep/search” all rooms in their designated area to ensure
that everyone is evacuated and directed to the nearest available
exit (only if it is safe to do so).
 To exit via the nearest available escape route, once the search is
complete.
 To assemble at a designated point, informing the Incident
Controller present of any persons in need of assistance. This
information is then relayed to the Emergency Services by the
Incident Controller.

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Evacuation Marshals/Sweepers
General Rule of Thumb –
• Everyone should act as an evacuation
marshal/sweeper “sweeping/searching” the areas
as they evacuate and directing people to the
nearest escape routes.
• This is of particular importance during holiday
periods etc, whereby the designated evacuation
marshals may not be onsite.

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Evacuation for People with Disabilities
• If a staff member / workers with a disability
requires assistance with evacuation, the Emergency
Egress Questionnaire must be completed as soon as
possible.
• A Personal Emergency Egress Plan (PEEP) is then
prepared.
• All people with disabilities should contact their
local OHC to ensure this is put in place.

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The Evacuation Chair
• Evacuation Chairs may be used in the
event of an emergency for individuals who
cannot evacuate a building unaided.
• Instructions on the correct operation of the
Evacuation Chair are attached to the
backrest of the chair itself.
• The Evacuation Chair may be wall
mounted and located near stairwells in
some buildings.

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Evacuation – Do’s & Don’ts
DO
When you hear the alarm, remain calm!
Ensure the safe shutdown of equipment /
electricity / gas if time permits
Follow any instructions given to you by a person
in authority e.g. Evacuation Marshall / safety
Officials.

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Evacuation – Do’s & Don’ts
DON’T
х Take risks
х Run or cause an obstruction
х Use the lift
х Congregate outside main entrances; move away to
assembly points
х Return for personal belongings
х Re-enter the building until the “all clear” has been
given

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Floor Plans
• Floor Plans indicate the following:
- An indicator point on the map to
identify where you are located in the
building
– Location of nearest Staircases and
Escape Routes
– Location of Fire Fighting Equipment.

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Sample Floor Plan

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Fire Action Notices
• Fire Action Notices provide instructions
on what to do if:
1. You discover a fire, or
2. You hear the fire alarm
• They also provide information on:
1. Your nearest escape route out of the building
2. Your nearest designated assembly point

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Escape Routes
• Escape routes are clearly indicated with signage
and lighting.
• Ensure that escape routes and doors, including fire
control doors, are kept free from obstructions.
• Fire control doors must not be “wedged/propped”
open. If this happens it will permit the fire to
spread between sections of the building and put
the escape routes in danger.

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Fire Drills
• Fire Evacuation Drills will be held periodically to
ensure all staff and workers are familiar with the
evacuation procedure.
• The Local Fire Authority and concerns will be
informed of the intention to operate a fire drill.
• All staff, workers ,contractors and visitors must
partake in and co-operate with fire drills.

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Evacuation Evaluation
• An Evacuation Evaluation Form is available to provide
feedback on the evacuation drill, so as to allow for future
improvements to be made.
• It is very important to complete the Evacuation
Evaluation Form , particularly if:
– You could not hear the fire alarm
– You encountered any difficulties/problems during a fire
drill
– You encountered any obstructions during the evacuation

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Emergency Numbers
• If you discover a fire, an injured or seriously ill
person, or another situation you consider to be an
emergency, go to the nearest office and dial 0 for
an outside line and then:
08982073703 or 2200
/ 8982073706

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Emergency First Aid Procedure
If you require first aid treatment:
1. Contact your nearest departmental first-aider
2. In the event that your departmental first-aider cannot
be contacted or is unavailable, then contact:
(i) All the staff & workers should be report to The
Occupational Health Officer between 9am-6pm
(ii) The Emergency Services ( 2200 or 1100 &
08782073706 , 8982073646

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Emergency First Aid Procedure
• Familiarise yourself with the location of
your nearest first aid kit.
• An emergency first aid kit and Incident
Report Book are available at all HODs /
Department desks / Fire Station.
• The Incident Report Form must be
completed and forwarded to the Health and
Safety Officer / Security officer as soon as
practicable.

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Safety Is In Your Hands !

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ESCAPE PLAN
DURING
EMERGENCY
(VIDEO CLIP )

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Summary
• Familiarise yourself with:
– How to raise the fire alarm
– Location of your nearest escape routes
& assembly points.
– Location of fire extinguishers
– Emergency telephone numbers

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Closing of Fire
Training With
VIDEO CLIP

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Question Time!
Please tick the appropriate box?√
• Q1. For which class of fire would you use a water fire extinguisher?
Ans- A⁭
B⁭
C⁭
D⁭
E⁭
F⁭
• Q2. For which classes of fires would you use a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher?
Ans- A⁭
B⁭
C⁭
D⁭
E⁭
F⁭
• Q3. Which fire extinguisher can be used on most classes of fires?
Ans- Water⁭
, Carbon Dioxide⁭
, Foam⁭
, Dry Powder⁭
• Q4. What type of fire extinguisher can you use on an electrical fire?
And- Water⁭
, Carbon Dioxide⁭
, Foam⁭
, Dry Powder⁭

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Any Questions?
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Your Participation
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