The document discusses safety protocols for working at heights. It notes that falls are a leading cause of death in construction and outlines precautions like using guardrails, harnesses, temporary flooring and barricades when working over 1.8 meters. Proper use of ladders, scaffolding and hoists is also emphasized along with securing tools to prevent falling objects.
BSS JV WORKING AT HEIGHT TRAINING - KSAB DIRAB & HQ.pptAdeniranIdris
Remember:
Be thorough and objective in your reporting.
Focus on facts, not assigning blame.
Preserve evidence by securing the scene and not moving anything unnecessarily.
By gathering this information, you'll have a solid foundation for a comprehensive incident report and investigation, which can help prevent similar occurrences in the future.
BSS JV WORKING AT HEIGHT TRAINING - KSAB DIRAB & HQ.pptAdeniranIdris
Remember:
Be thorough and objective in your reporting.
Focus on facts, not assigning blame.
Preserve evidence by securing the scene and not moving anything unnecessarily.
By gathering this information, you'll have a solid foundation for a comprehensive incident report and investigation, which can help prevent similar occurrences in the future.
SCAFFOLDING
“Long way Up, Long Way Down” is the phrase used for the most common
accident involving scaffolding. Falls from high places are usually serious. When
scaffolds are not upright or used properly, falls can occur. Protecting workers
from scaffold related accidents would prevent many deaths and more than
4,000 injuries each year.
A trained “competent person” should be used to supervise all scaffold
erections. A “competent person” must be able to take prompt action to
eliminate predictable hazards. Logically then, he/she should be within line of
site of erection, dismantling or alteration activity.
Safe Work Practices and Tips:
• Inspect all scaffolds prior to use. Use tagging system, green for “ready to use”, yellow
for “caution/use personal fall arrest”, or red for “do not use”.
• Each employee working on a scaffold must be trained by a qualified person.
• Barricade the area below the scaffold to protect from falling objects.
• Make sure of debris nets, catch platforms, screens and toe-boards to protect
employees from falling objects.
• Do not work on scaffolds outside during stormy or windy weather.
• Do not use scaffolds unless guardrails and all flooring are in place.
• Use your safety belts and lanyards when working on scaffolding at height of 10 feet
or above. Attach the lanyard to secure member of scaffold.
• Do not jump from. to. or between scaffolding.
• Keep both feet on the decking. Do not sit or climb on the guardrails.
• Level the scaffold after each move. Don't extend adjusting leg screws more than 12
inches.
• Do not use scaffold if any rope is frayed, torn or visibly damaged.
• Keep scaffold clean of scraps, loose tools, tangled lines or obstructions.
FALLING OBJECTS
Falling or flying objects on a work-site can expose workers to relative minor injuries,
such as cuts and abrasions, as well as more serious injuries, such as concussions or
blindness. Working beneath scaffolds or other areas where overhead work is being
performed puts workers at risk from falling objects. Flying objects become a concern
when workers are using power tools or performing tasks that involve pushing, pulling
or prying.
Safe Work Practices & Safety Tips:
• Loads should not be hoisted or allowed to pass over people.
• Loads need to be secured when lifted by forklift.
• Hard hats can help minimize injuries to the head.
• Toe boards need to be placed in all scaffolding and open elevations to protect
workers below from falling materials such as lumber, bricks, tools and equipment.
Alternatively, use debris nets or catch platforms to grab falling objects.
• Materials should be stacked appropriately and not leaning or ready to topple over.
• Tools in elevated working areas need to be secured if close to leading edges.
• When working with machines or power tools that can produce flying particles,
wear safety glasses, goggles or face shields.
• Inspect tools prior to use, and be sure all guards are in place and in good working
condition.
• Whenever possible, avoid working under moving loads.
• Erect barricades and post warning signs at hazardous work areas.
• Never exceed the lifting capacity of cranes and hoists.
• Reduce compressed air for cleaning to 30 psi, and always use proper personal
protective equipment and guarding.
Window cleaning site assessment for safety measuresWindow Cleaner
Groundwork and suspension work are the two types of window cleaning services available.
Buildings with more than four stories require high-rise window cleaning.
SCAFFOLDING
“Long way Up, Long Way Down” is the phrase used for the most common
accident involving scaffolding. Falls from high places are usually serious. When
scaffolds are not upright or used properly, falls can occur. Protecting workers
from scaffold related accidents would prevent many deaths and more than
4,000 injuries each year.
A trained “competent person” should be used to supervise all scaffold
erections. A “competent person” must be able to take prompt action to
eliminate predictable hazards. Logically then, he/she should be within line of
site of erection, dismantling or alteration activity.
Safe Work Practices and Tips:
• Inspect all scaffolds prior to use. Use tagging system, green for “ready to use”, yellow
for “caution/use personal fall arrest”, or red for “do not use”.
• Each employee working on a scaffold must be trained by a qualified person.
• Barricade the area below the scaffold to protect from falling objects.
• Make sure of debris nets, catch platforms, screens and toe-boards to protect
employees from falling objects.
• Do not work on scaffolds outside during stormy or windy weather.
• Do not use scaffolds unless guardrails and all flooring are in place.
• Use your safety belts and lanyards when working on scaffolding at height of 10 feet
or above. Attach the lanyard to secure member of scaffold.
• Do not jump from. to. or between scaffolding.
• Keep both feet on the decking. Do not sit or climb on the guardrails.
• Level the scaffold after each move. Don't extend adjusting leg screws more than 12
inches.
• Do not use scaffold if any rope is frayed, torn or visibly damaged.
• Keep scaffold clean of scraps, loose tools, tangled lines or obstructions.
FALLING OBJECTS
Falling or flying objects on a work-site can expose workers to relative minor injuries,
such as cuts and abrasions, as well as more serious injuries, such as concussions or
blindness. Working beneath scaffolds or other areas where overhead work is being
performed puts workers at risk from falling objects. Flying objects become a concern
when workers are using power tools or performing tasks that involve pushing, pulling
or prying.
Safe Work Practices & Safety Tips:
• Loads should not be hoisted or allowed to pass over people.
• Loads need to be secured when lifted by forklift.
• Hard hats can help minimize injuries to the head.
• Toe boards need to be placed in all scaffolding and open elevations to protect
workers below from falling materials such as lumber, bricks, tools and equipment.
Alternatively, use debris nets or catch platforms to grab falling objects.
• Materials should be stacked appropriately and not leaning or ready to topple over.
• Tools in elevated working areas need to be secured if close to leading edges.
• When working with machines or power tools that can produce flying particles,
wear safety glasses, goggles or face shields.
• Inspect tools prior to use, and be sure all guards are in place and in good working
condition.
• Whenever possible, avoid working under moving loads.
• Erect barricades and post warning signs at hazardous work areas.
• Never exceed the lifting capacity of cranes and hoists.
• Reduce compressed air for cleaning to 30 psi, and always use proper personal
protective equipment and guarding.
Window cleaning site assessment for safety measuresWindow Cleaner
Groundwork and suspension work are the two types of window cleaning services available.
Buildings with more than four stories require high-rise window cleaning.
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2. 2
Falls in Construction
Falls are the leading cause of
deaths in the construction industry.
Most fatalities occur when
employees fall from open-sided
floors and through floor openings.
Falls from as little as 1.2 to 1.8
meters can cause serious lost-
time accidents and sometimes
death.
3. 3
Definition
Working at Height means:
Working on temporary or permanent structures that
are greater than 1.8 meters above the ground or
floor level
Some potential hazards for those involved due to the
height above grade whilst it also carries a potential
risk for those directly below the work site.
4. 4
Causes of Falling from Height
Engineering factors – missing guardrails and safety
harnesses, unreliable or unstable scaffoldings, floors,
ladders;
Process factors – mistakes in method statement or
operation procedures;
Psychological factors – fear, coordination impairment,
careless moves, unsafe behavior;
Weather factors – strong wind, extremely hot or cold
temperature, rain, snow, fog, ice.
5. 5
Working at Height
Working at height treated in two categories :-
Scaffold platforms, other
temporary staging or
elevating lifts.
suspended by crane or
other hoist working
from a man cage or
work basket.
6. 6
Working at Height
Personnel should have suitable PPE, information,
instruction, training and supervision.
Suitable and effective measures must be taken to
prevent any person falling from a distance likely to
cause injury.
Suitable and effective measures must be taken to
prevent them being struck by falling object likely to
cause injury.
Areas of risk exist proper warning sign must be posted.
As far as practicable every tank, pit, structure and traffic
route over or crossed must be securely covered fenced.
8. 8
Signs and Barricade
Working in height excess
of 2 meters above the
ground or deck ( or over
the side ) special
precautions must be taken
to ensure the personnel
safety.
Protection of anyone who
may be below the work site.
Cordon off the area below -
to prevent personnel injury
or anything drop.
Cordon off the area below the work site
9. 9
Personal Protective Equipment
Personnel Protective
Equipment:
Appropriate personnel
equipment must be used such
as safety helmet, toe cap boot
or shoes, coverall, safety
harness etc.
Make sure that the clothing
must be neat fitting.
Use the chin strap of the
helmet
10. 10
Falling from Heights
Guardrail:
The minimum
height of the top rail
above floor level
should be 1100mm.
This ensure the
average person’s
centre of gravity.
Never climb up onto the guardrail to gain
extra height.
11. 11
Guardrail
Temporary guardrail:
For maintenance or access
purpose a fencing may be
required to remove. A
temporary guard rail is
required to erect around
the area . e.g. removing
deck gratings, floor boards.
Ensure that the temporary
guardrails also must meet
the safety standards Temporary guard rails
12. 12
Temporary Flooring
Temporary flooring:
To make hole safe it can be
covered by steel plates or
wooden planks to get
suitable strength and
support.
The fixed support must not
be easily removable.
A TRIP HAZARD sign
board must be posted.
Temporary Flooring
13. 13
Fall Protection
Fall arresters:
The place where the
temporary guard rails cannot
be erected, use safety
harness or fall arresters.
Before use the equipment
inspect thoroughly.
Make sure that the fall
arrester is not shock loaded.
The arrester of the safety
line must anchored on a
suitable point.
14. 14
Fall Protection
Fall arrester:
The harness
must be worn
correctly and the
safety line must
not become trip
hazard.
A suitable
anchor points
shall be used
15. 15
Ladder Cage
Ladder cage:
Always grip the
rungs as opposed
to the strings
Always close the
gate or replace the
safety chain when
finished.
16. 16
Use of Ladder
Use of portable ladders:
Choose the correct ladder according to the nature of work.
Wooden ladder to be used when working with any
electrical apparatus or electrical supply.
The ladder height must be extended 1m above work place.
The second person must support the ladder until it
properly secured.
When climbing or descending always grip the horizontal
rungs .
Never try to overreach, come down and reposition the
ladder closer to the work site.
18. 18
Scaffolding Tag
Scaffolding Access:
Never use incomplete or
uncertified scaffold.
Never make unauthorized
alterations.
Never climb up on the
guard/handrails to gain
extra height.
Never drop or throw
things down from
scaffolding.
Green Tag –
Safe to Use
Red Tag –
Unsafe to Use
19. 19
Mobile Working Platform
Mobile working platforms:
Do not place outriggers over drains or
similar which may collapse.
Ensure there are no exhausts or fume
extractors in close proximity to where the
cage will be working.
Check that overhead conditions will not
endanger the operator.
Check weather conditions are suitable.
Never attempt to move the unit with the
personnel aloft in the cage.
21. 21
Personnel Man basket
Personnel Man basket
A min. height from the floor of the
platform to top handrail to prevent
them toppling over or falling out.
If open sided a maximum vertical
distance between the handrail and
immediate rail to prevent falling
through between them.
If open sided a kick board or toe
board to be provided.
Personnel working in the basket shall
wear full body harness with safety line
attached to the basket or to the hook
block or headache ball.
22. 22
Falling Object
Securing tools and materials
Loose materials must be
removed or secured at the end
of the work.
Special attention is required on
round or cylindrical equipment.
Sparks and hot slag needs to be
contained.
Appropriate materials are to be
used to protect the job doing
below.
23. 23
Falling Object
Falling objects:
Reduce the risk of
personnel injury by:
Wear appropriate PPE.
Should have awareness of
the dangers of falling or
dropped objects.
Always extra alert should
personnel working
overhead.
Obey any signs and
warning .
24. 24
Falling Object
Carrying tools:
Never secure the
tools in the pocket.
Always use properly
designed tool belt.
Try to secure the tool
with thin rope to
avoid trip hazard.
25. 25
Falling Object
Unsecured tools or
machine parts:
Leaving the tools
purposely without securing
It can fall due to wind,
vibration, sudden
movement or hosing down
for cleaning purpose.
26. 26
Falling Object
Small Tools and Parts:
Placing small hand tools or
machine parts on open
grating floors can cause it
to fall down
Provide a proper toolbox or
floor support or blanket to
prevent small materials
from rolling and falling
27. 27
Falling Object
Using hand tools at height:
Excessive force will cause
spanner slipping off a nut and
will lead the tools to fall down
Defective hand tools can also
cause it to slip and fall down
Hand tools shall be secured
with small rope attached to
the wrist to prevent it from
accidental falling
28. 28
Checklist
Are practical control measures in place to
eliminate or reduce the risk of falling?
Have you identified potential or existing hazards and
assessed the risks of anyone falling from heights?
Have you considered alternative ways of carrying out
the work?
Have you assessed whether a fall would be broken
before hitting the ground/other structure?
29. 29
Checklist
Is there safe access and egress to work being
performed at heights?
Have you checked stairs?
Have you checked walkways?
Have you checked ladders?
Have you checked mechanical lifts?
Are work areas free of obstructions?
30. 30
Checklist
Have people working at heights been given
adequate information, instruction and training?
Have you been vigilant in ensuring that safe work
practices are in place?
Have you taken all practical steps to prevent falls?
Have you got fall prevention systems in place?
Have you considered alternative ways to do the
work?
31. 31
Summary
Reducing accidents in the work place is a sound
management practice. Not only it will make your
workforce happier, but will also save your money
through improved output and will reduce the risk of
fines and compensation claims.