This document summarizes three major justice theories: Adam Smith's theory of moral sentiments, Emile Durkheim's structural functionalism theory, and Howard Becker's labeling theory. It discusses their key ideas including Smith's concept of sympathy, Durkheim's ideas of anomie and social solidarity, and Becker's focus on how labels can become self-fulfilling prophecies. The document then applies these theories to analyze the problem of wrongful sentencing under mandatory minimum laws, noting how they break down social solidarity and norms, perpetuate further deviance through labeling, and lack sympathy for others.