Neo-Marxist perspectives view crime as a product of wider social and cultural factors beyond just economic conditions. Stuart Hall's analysis of a 1970s moral panic over "mugging" in Britain found that the focus on black muggers served to unite society around the state during a period of economic crisis and civil unrest. Hall saw deviance as amplified through processes like labeling and the media that solidified public fears. Similarly, Paul Gilroy rejected the idea that crime resulted from poor socialization, arguing that riots by ethnic minorities were political responses to an unjust society.