Sociology began emerging in the 19th century in Europe in response to three major factors: the Industrial Revolution, increased travel, and the success of the natural sciences. The Industrial Revolution led to massive urbanization and disrupted traditional social structures. Travel exposed Europeans to different cultures and ways of life. And the success of the scientific method in fields like physics and chemistry inspired the idea of also studying society scientifically. Auguste Comte coined the term "sociology" and emphasized the objective, empirical study of social phenomena. Émile Durkheim further established sociology as a science and demonstrated how social forces influence even individual acts like suicide rates. His work provided early evidence for sociology's ability to reveal how society shapes human behavior