This document provides an overview of fiber lasers, including their basic components and advantages over conventional solid-state lasers. It discusses the history of fiber lasers beginning with Maiman's demonstration of the ruby laser in 1960 and Snitzer's development of the first fiber laser in 1961. The key components of a fiber laser are described, including the double-clad fiber structure, fiber Bragg gratings, and common dopant elements such as neodymium, ytterbium, and erbium that produce important emission wavelengths. Advantages of fiber lasers include high power capability due to efficient cooling, stability, reliability, lower cost, and insensitivity to environmental changes. Remaining challenges include designing new host and dopant

1. Fiber laser
G.ARJUN RAO
M.SC(TECH)
NIT WARANGAL

2. Overview
 Introduction
 Basic components of fiber laser
 Advantages over conventional ssl laser
 Challenges of making fiber laser
 Conclusion
 References

3. introduction
 Maiman demonstrated the ruby laser
in the year 16th may 1960
 Snitzer built the first fiber laser in the
year 1961.

4. Introduction :
Double clad-Fiber laser
Fiber laser
Optical fiber laser
High power
laser diodes
semiconductor laser

5. Principle :
laser T.I.R
Fiber
laser

6. Structure of fiber laser :

7. Double cladding fiber laser :
 For communication we normally use single clad optical fiber.
 Initially for lasers also single clad fibers are used.
 But the losses in the single clad fiber is more.
 With the help of double cladding fiber we can pump the gain medium
effectively.
 Laser will oscillates in the core of the fiber.

8. components in fiber laser:

9. Fiber bragg gratting:

10. List of dopant elements:
Ion Common host glasses Important emission wavelengths
neodymium(Nd
3+
) silicate and phosphate
glasses
1.03–1.1 μm, 0.9–0.95
μm, 1.32–1.35 μm
ytterbium(Yb
3+
) silicate glass 1.0–1.1 μm
erbium (Er
3+
) silicate and phosphate
glasses, fluoride glasses
1.5–1.6 μm, 2.7 μm, 0.55
μm
thulium (Tm
3+
) silicate and germanate
glasses, fluoride glasses
1.7–2.1 μm, 1.45–1.53
μm, 0.48 μm, 0.8 μm
praseodymium (Pr
3+
) silicate and fluoride
glasses
1.3 μm, 0.635 μm, 0.6
μm, 0.52 μm, 0.49 μm
holmium (Ho
3+
) silicate glasses,
fluorozirconate glasses
2.1 μm, 2.9 μm

11. Advantages over ssl nd:YAG :
 High Power: ease of cooling in long fiber.
 High Stability: spliced wave guiding fibers.
 High Reliability: operate 24/7 for decades.
 Lower total cost of ownership.
 Low jitter and low amplitude noise.
 No free space cavity alignment.
 Turn-key operation.
 Immune to tough environmental changes.

12. Challenges in fiber laser develepmant:
 Design and Fabrication fiber.
 New host materials for new wavelengths.
 New dopant materials for new emission wavelengths.
 Non linear materials for efficient frequency conversion.
 Component design and fabrication.

13. Conclusions :
The fiber lasers (both cw and pulse) are now the modern laser systems
allowing for implementation of laser sources in most tasks, in medicine,
industry and metrology. The optical and generated energy parameters are
characterized by a very high efficiency and the optical quality of laser beam
which create these sources as a leading group of high power laser systems in
the very beginning of 21 century.

14. References :
 www.Wikipedia.com
 www.bulletin.pan.pl
 www.rp-photonics.com

15. thank you!!