The female reproductive system has several key functions: producing eggs, transporting eggs to the uterus to be fertilized, nourishing a developing fetus during pregnancy, and giving birth. The ovaries produce eggs and are located on either side of the uterus. The fallopian tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus and help transport eggs. The uterus receives a fertilized egg and provides nourishment during pregnancy. The vagina serves as the birth canal and allows for sexual intercourse. The external genitalia include the vulva, clitoris, and openings of the urethra and vagina.

1. Notes: Female Reproductive System
(pg 8)

2. Notes: Female Reproductive System
(pg 8)
• Functions: Produce eggs, transport eggs to
location where they can be fertilized by
sperm, nourish the developing offspring
during pregnancy, give birth, produce female
hormones

3. Ovaries
• Produce eggs (oocytes)

4. Ovaries
• Produce eggs (oocytes)
• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus

5. Ovaries
• Produce eggs (oocytes)
• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus
• Females are born with all the eggs they will
ever have (around 700,000).

6. Ovaries
• Produce eggs (oocytes)
• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus
• Females are born with all the eggs they will
ever have (around 700,000).
• Before birth, oocytes begin first meiotic
division then stay suspended in this state until
puberty

7. Ovaries
• Produce eggs (oocytes)
• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus
• Females are born with all the eggs they will
ever have (around 700,000).
• Before birth, oocytes begin first meiotic
division then stay suspended in this state until
puberty
• Follicle stimulating hormone causes several
oocytes to start to grow each month. Usually
only one will become mature

8. Ovaries
• Produce eggs (oocytes)
• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus
• Females are born with all the eggs they will ever
have (around 700,000).
• Before birth, oocytes begin first meiotic division
then stay suspended in this state until puberty
• Follicle stimulating hormone causes several
oocytes to start to grow each month. Usually only
one will become mature
• Luteinizing hormone causes mature oocyte to
rupture the ovary wall and be released
(ovulation)

9. Uterine (fallopian) tubes
• Extend from ovaries to uterus. About 4 cm long

10. Uterine (fallopian) tubes
• Extend from ovaries to uterus. About 4 cm long
• Not directly connected to ovaries. Have
fingerlike extensions called fimbrae that pull
the oocyte into the tube

11. Uterine (fallopian) tubes
• Extend from ovaries to uterus. About 4 cm long
• Not directly connected to ovaries. Have
fingerlike extensions called fimbrae that pull
the oocyte into the tube
• Lined with cilia that move the oocyte along.
Takes 7 days to reach uterus

12. Uterine (fallopian) tubes
• Extend from ovaries to uterus. About 4 cm long
• Not directly connected to ovaries. Have
fingerlike extensions called fimbrae that pull
the oocyte into the tube
• Lined with cilia that move the oocyte along.
Takes 7 days to reach uterus
• Oocyte is only fertile for 48 hours, so
fertilization always takes place in the uterine
tube

13. Output (pg 9)
• Label diagram of female reproductive system

14. Uterus (pg 8)
• Muscular organ about the size and shape of a
pear

15. Uterus (pg 8)
• Muscular organ about the size and shape of a
pear
• Regions: Fundus, body, cervix

16. Uterus (pg 8)
• Muscular organ about the size and shape of a
pear
• Regions: Fundus, body, cervix
• Receives the fertilized egg and provides an
appropriate environment for the developing
offspring

17. Uterus (pg 8)
• Muscular organ about the size and shape of a
pear
• Regions: Fundus, body, cervix
• Receives the fertilized egg and provides an
appropriate environment for the developing
offspring
• The fertilized egg burrows into the
endometrium and implants

18. Output (pg 9)
• Label uterus diagram

19. Vagina (pg 8)
• Fibromuscular tube about 10 cm long

20. Vagina (pg 8)
• Fibromuscular tube about 10 cm long
• Functions: provides a passageway for
menstrual flow to reach the outside, receives
the penis and semen during
intercourse, serves as birth canal

21. External Genitalia
• Collectively called the vulva

22. External Genitalia
• Collectively called the vulva
• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the
symphysis pubis

23. External Genitalia
• Collectively called the vulva
• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the
smphysis pubis
• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin

24. External Genitalia
• Collectively called the vulva
• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the
smphysis pubis
• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin
• Labia minora: smaller, delicate folds of skin
inside the labia majora

25. External Genitalia
• Collectively called the vulva
• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the
symphysis pubis
• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin
• Labia minora: smaller, delicate folds of skin
inside the labia majora
• Clitoris: Mass of erectile tissue. Homologous
to male penis. Many nerve endings. Swells
with blood when aroused. Covered by a hood
(prepuce)

26. External Genitalia
• Collectively called the vulva
• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the
symphysis pubis
• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin
• Labia minora: smaller, delicate folds of skin
inside the labia majora
• Clitoris: Mass of erectile tissue. Homologous
to male penis. Many nerve endings. Swells
with blood when aroused. Covered by a hood
(prepuce)
• Opening of urethra is just behind the clitoris

27. External Genitalia
• Collectively called the vulva
• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the symphysis
pubis
• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin
• Labia minora: smaller, delicate folds of skin inside
the labia majora
• Clitoris: Mass of erectile tissue. Homologous to
male penis. Many nerve endings. Swells with
blood when aroused. Covered by a hood
(prepuce)
• Opening of urethra is just behind the clitoris
• 2 pairs of glands secrete mucus

28. Output (pg 9)
• Label diagram of external genitalia