Federalism is a governance system that divides power between a central authority and constituent units, ensuring each tier has jurisdiction over specific matters. India exemplifies federalism as it operates under a two-tier government system established post-independence, with constitutional provisions for decentralization that empower local governments. Since 1992, constitutional changes have mandated regular elections to local bodies, reserved seats for marginalized groups, and established state election commissions, promoting effective local governance.

1. FEDERALISM

2. Hello!
I AM Arsh
I am here to tell you something
about FEDREALISM

3. 1.WHAT IS
FEDERALISM?

4. “Federalism is a system of
government in which the
power is divided between a
central authority and various
constituent units of the
country..”

5. KEY
FEATURES
๏ There are two or more levels (or
tiers) of government.
๏ Different tiers of government govern
the same citizens, but each tier has
its own jurisdiction in specific
matters of legislation, taxation and
administration.

6. ๏ Sources of revenue for each level of
government are clearly specified to
ensure its financial autonomy.
๏ The federal system thus has dual
objectives: to safeguard and promote
unity of the country, while at the
same time accommodate regional
diversity.

7. ๏ I ) First route
involves
independent
states coming
together on their
own to form a
bigger unit. this
is known as
coming together
federation. ex -
USA, Australia,
Switzerland.
ROUTES TO
ESTABLISH
FEDREALISM
ii) The second route
is where a large
country decides to
divide its power
between the
constituent states
and the national
government. this is
holding together
federation. ex - India,
Belgium.

8. WHAT
MAKES INDIA A FEDEREAL COUNTRY?

9. •India had emerged as an independent nation after a
painful and bloody partition.
•Soon after independence, several princely states
became a part of the country.
•The Constitution declared India as a Union of States.
•Although it did not use the word federation, the Indian
Union is based on the principles of federalism.
•The Constitution originally provided for a two-tier system
of government, the Union government or Central
government, representing the Union of India and the
State governments.

11. HOW IS FEDERALISM
PRACTISED
?

12. DECENTALISA
TIONIN INDIA

13. WHAT IS
DECENTRALISATION?
The transfer of authority
from central to local
government.

14. In the early years local government was mot so
effective
Changes made in 1992 made it effective
and powerful too.

15. CHANGES
IN 1992

16. It is constitutionally mandatory to hold regular elections to
local government bodies.
Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executive
heads of these institutions for the Scheduled Castes,
Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes.
At least one-third of all positions are reserved for women.
An independent institution called the State Election
Commission has been created in each State to conduct
panchayat and municipal elections.
The State governments are required to share some powers
and revenue with local government bodies. The nature of
sharing varies from State to State.

17. THIS WAS ABOUT
FEDERALISM

18. Thanks!
DIRECTED BY B.DASS
MADE BY ARSH