Belgium practices power sharing to accommodate its two main linguistic communities - the Dutch-speaking Flemish and French-speaking Walloons. Power is shared in several ways: equal representation in the central government, special laws requiring majority support from both communities, devolved powers to regional governments, and separate community governments for cultural issues. Brussels also has a power sharing arrangement. Though complex, this model has avoided conflict between the communities and helped ensure stability in Belgium.
Grade 10 Social Science - Political Science- ch- 1 -Power SharingNavya Rai
Grade 10 Social Science - Political Science- ch- 1 -Power Sharing
Power sharing is technique to share the power at different levels. It is an idea inculcated in democracy so that the power is not concentrated at one hand only and that different forms can keep a check on each other. India is an example of 'holding together' federations, where the power is shared between central government and different constituent states.
Political Science, Power Sharing, Class - 10AnjaliKaur3
In this PPT, I am discussing following topics:
Belgium and Sri Lanka
Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka
Accommodation in Sri Lanka
Why power sharing is Desirable
Forms of power sharing
Basic terms like civil war, prudential, moral
Grade 10 Social Science - Political Science- ch- 1 -Power SharingNavya Rai
Grade 10 Social Science - Political Science- ch- 1 -Power Sharing
Power sharing is technique to share the power at different levels. It is an idea inculcated in democracy so that the power is not concentrated at one hand only and that different forms can keep a check on each other. India is an example of 'holding together' federations, where the power is shared between central government and different constituent states.
Political Science, Power Sharing, Class - 10AnjaliKaur3
In this PPT, I am discussing following topics:
Belgium and Sri Lanka
Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka
Accommodation in Sri Lanka
Why power sharing is Desirable
Forms of power sharing
Basic terms like civil war, prudential, moral
Grade 10th Social Science Civics - Chapter . 2. FederalismNavya Rai
Grade 10th Social Science Civics - Chapter . 2. Federalism
Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.
A federation has two levels of government. Both these levels of governments enjoy their power independent of the other.
One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest.
Governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state.
What does democracy do?
What outcomes can we reasonably expect of democracy?
Does democracy fulfil these expectations in real life?
How to assess the outcomes of democracy?
Democracy is better because
Accountable, responsive and legitimate government
ELECTION,DEBATE AND INFORMATION
PEOPLE’S NEED AND CORRUPTION
Economic growth and development
Reduction of inequality and poverty
Accommodation of social diversity
Dignity and freedom of the citizens
Chapter - 5, Working of Institutions, Democratic Politics/Civics, Social Scie...Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 5, Working of Institutions, Democratic Politics, Social Science, Class 9
INTRODUCTION
PARLIAMENT
TWO HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT
POLITICAL EXECUTIVE
PRIME MINISTER AND COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
THE PRESIDENT
THE JUDICIARY
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
The slide show is supplied with colourful maps and explanation with easy vocabulary. It can be used as a quick revision for exam. Class 10 students of CBSE can use this slide show.
Chapter - 4, Gender Religion and Cast, Democratic Politics/Civics, Social Sci...Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 4, Gender Religion and Cast, Democratic Politics/Civics, Social Science, Class 10
INTRODUCTION
GENDER AND POLITICS
RELIGION, COMMUNALISM, AND POLITICS
CASTE AND POLITICS
SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY OF INDIA
CASTE INEQUALITY TODAY
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
Nationalism In India Class 10 (History chapter 2)VJLEARNING
This document explains the chapter 2 of history class-10 NATIONALISM IN INDIA
This document will also help teachers in teaching their students, especially in their online classes.
Hope you like it
Grade 10th Social Science Civics - Chapter . 2. FederalismNavya Rai
Grade 10th Social Science Civics - Chapter . 2. Federalism
Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.
A federation has two levels of government. Both these levels of governments enjoy their power independent of the other.
One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest.
Governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state.
What does democracy do?
What outcomes can we reasonably expect of democracy?
Does democracy fulfil these expectations in real life?
How to assess the outcomes of democracy?
Democracy is better because
Accountable, responsive and legitimate government
ELECTION,DEBATE AND INFORMATION
PEOPLE’S NEED AND CORRUPTION
Economic growth and development
Reduction of inequality and poverty
Accommodation of social diversity
Dignity and freedom of the citizens
Chapter - 5, Working of Institutions, Democratic Politics/Civics, Social Scie...Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 5, Working of Institutions, Democratic Politics, Social Science, Class 9
INTRODUCTION
PARLIAMENT
TWO HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT
POLITICAL EXECUTIVE
PRIME MINISTER AND COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
THE PRESIDENT
THE JUDICIARY
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
The slide show is supplied with colourful maps and explanation with easy vocabulary. It can be used as a quick revision for exam. Class 10 students of CBSE can use this slide show.
Chapter - 4, Gender Religion and Cast, Democratic Politics/Civics, Social Sci...Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 4, Gender Religion and Cast, Democratic Politics/Civics, Social Science, Class 10
INTRODUCTION
GENDER AND POLITICS
RELIGION, COMMUNALISM, AND POLITICS
CASTE AND POLITICS
SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY OF INDIA
CASTE INEQUALITY TODAY
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
Nationalism In India Class 10 (History chapter 2)VJLEARNING
This document explains the chapter 2 of history class-10 NATIONALISM IN INDIA
This document will also help teachers in teaching their students, especially in their online classes.
Hope you like it
Introduction to the Decision Model - Larry GoldbergIIBA UK Chapter
Larry Goldberg, Managing Partner of Knowledge Partners International, LLC (KPI), delivera a thought provoking session on "The Decision Model: Aligning Business and Technology", a technology independent model based on the inherent structure of business logic .
This Presentation is about the Second Carnatic War. The Second Carnatic War (1749-54) was a struggle for power between various Indian claimants to power in southern India, each supported by the French or the British. This Presentation discusses about the period, effect, conclusion of the war etc.
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Furthermore, may be she doesn’t have any idea of tropical countries where summer temperatures soar to around 45 degrees with equally sweltering humidity. These women should be made to walk the streets in such climate wearing wraparounds like mummies. Th
Power-sharing Class 10 is a vital aspect of democratic governance. It refers to the distribution of power among different organs of government, levels of government, and social groups. This ensures that no single entity can control all aspects of governance, promoting stability and unity in a diverse society.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
1. Power sharing in simple words is sharing of responsibility & powers among defend organ of government.
2. Power sharing is a strategy for resolving disputes over who should have the powerful position in the social hierarchy.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
5. • Smaller than Haryana
• Borders with France,
Netherlands,
Germany and
Luxembourg
6. • 59% speak Dutch and
live in the Flemish
region.
Walloon Region
Flemish Region
• 40% speak French
and live in the
Walloon Region
• 1% speak German
and live in the
Walloon Region
7. • 80% in the capital
speak French but they
are minority in the
country
• 20% in the capital
speak Dutch but they
are majority in the
country
8. • The minority French
were rich and
powerful
• The majority Dutch
got the benefit of
economic
development much
later.
9. • Between 1970 and 1993
the constitution was
amended four times to
accommodate social and
cultural diversities.
• This was done by sharing
power as follows.
There shall be equal
representation from both
communities in the central
council of ministers
The majority Dutch
accepted this
arrangement because
they were minority in the
nation
11. Some special laws require the support of majority from
both the communities
Many powers of the Central Government have been
transferred to State Governments and the State
Governments are not subordinate to the Central Govt.
There is third form of Govt. called ‘Community Govt.’
It is elected by people belonging to one language community –
the Dutch, the French and the German speaking no matter
where they live.
The community governments have power regarding cultural,
educational and language related issues.
12. Brussels has a separate Govt. with equal representation
from both the communities.
The majority French in Brussels accepted equal
representation in Brussels because the majority Dutch
accepted equal representation in eh central government.
13. Though complex, the
model has worked
well so far.
It has avoided civic
strife between the two
communities.
The European
Union chose to have
its parliament at
Brussels as Power
Sharing was practiced
15. • About the same as
Haryana
• Just a few kms away
off the southern coast
of Tamil Nadu
16. • Sinhala Speakers:
74%. They are mostly
Buddhists
• Tamils Speakers:
18%. They are Hindus
and Muslims
13%
5%
17. Indian
Tamils
• They
migrated to
Sri Lanka as
Plantation
workers
during the
British Rule
Sri Lankan
Tamils
• Tamil
Natives
7% of the
Population
• Consists
Christians
who speak
both Sinhala
and Tamil
18. • After independence in
1948, Sri Lanka
adopted a series of
majoritarian
measures to establish
Sinhalese supremacy
over the Tamils
• In 1956, an Act was
passed to recognise
Sinhala as the only
official language
19. • In 1956 an Act was
passed which
recognised Sinhala as
the only official
language.
• Sinhala speakers
were preferred both
for university positions
and Govt. jobs.
Sinhala
Lank
a
22. • The Tamils felt
isolated
• They thought that
even the constitution
was against them.
• None of the Political
parties ever
considered their
needs.
• The Tamils formed
groups, organisations
and parties to fight for
rights
23. • Their demands for
recognition to their
language and
separate state with
autonomous status
were repeatedly
neglected.
• This made some
groups like the LTTE
to take violent actions.
25. • Civil war thus broke
out between the
Tamils and the
Sinhalas
Thousands of people on
both the sides were
killed.
Thousands of Tamil
families went out of the
country as refugees
26. • Prudential Reasons
1. It avoids conflicts between different social groups.
The absence of power sharing can result in division
of the country.
2. Imposing will of the majority on the minority might
appear to be an attractive option but it can be
counter productive and can come in way of national
integration as it happened in Sri Lanka
3. The tyranny of the majority brings ruins both to the
minority and the majority (as in Sri Lanka)
28. • Moral Reasons
1. Power sharing is the very essence of democracy. In
an ideal democracy as many people as possible
should get a chance to enjoy power.
2. People are affected by all the policies of democratic
politics and they have to live with the effects. Hence
citizens need share in power.
3. A legitimate govt. is one where citizens, through
participation, acquire stake in power.
30. • Horizontal OR Check and Balance System
• Each of these organs is placed at the same
level to exercise different powers
• None of them has unlimited power thus
maintains balance.
• Each one of them keeps watch on the
functioning of the other two.
• Hence it is called Check and Balance System
31. • The Central Govt. is set up for the whole nation.
• The state/provincial govt. is set up for each
provinces/states.
• The central govt. transfers/shares some of the powers
to/with the state govt. (as in Belgium)
• In a big country like India, this type of two tier system is
not sufficient.
• So we have the third tier – the Local Self Govt.
• Both the Central and State govt. have transferred
power and resources to the Local bodies.
Central Govt.
State Govt.
Local Bodies
Vertical Power
Sharing
33. • Socially weaker sections also have to have share
in power.
• Community govt. in Belgium is one example for
this type of power sharing.
• In India, it is done by way of reservation.
• Constituencies and seats are reserved for women,
SCs and STs.
• Thus power is shared among different social
groups.
Power Sharing
among different
social groups
SCs
STs
Women
34. Power Sharing among
Political parties,
pressure groups and
movements
• No political party enjoys power for ever.
• It is for the people to decide who should be in
power.
• With the emergence of coalition govt. many parties
share power at the same time.
• Pressure groups and movements have share in
power by exerting pressure on the govt.
• They exert pressure by various means and get
policies framed in their favour.