Democracy promotes several important outcomes according to the document:
1. It creates a more accountable, responsive and legitimate form of government where citizens can elect their rulers and hold them responsible through elections and public debate.
2. While it may not guarantee economic growth, democracy does not significantly lag behind other systems in promoting development.
3. Democracies have a mixed record in reducing inequality and poverty but provide better opportunities than other systems to address issues facing disadvantaged groups.
4. Democracy is better suited than other forms of government at accommodating social diversity and handling internal conflicts through non-violent means.
What does democracy do?
What outcomes can we reasonably expect of democracy?
Does democracy fulfil these expectations in real life?
How to assess the outcomes of democracy?
Democracy is better because
Accountable, responsive and legitimate government
ELECTION,DEBATE AND INFORMATION
PEOPLE’S NEED AND CORRUPTION
Economic growth and development
Reduction of inequality and poverty
Accommodation of social diversity
Dignity and freedom of the citizens
Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 Sectors of Indian Economy VJLEARNING
This document explains the Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 Sectors of Indian Economy
This is helpful for teachers also, especially during online classes. This document will help Teachers to teach their students. Students learn better when they experience the lessons visually, so students and teachers, please to see it
Hope you like it.
What does democracy do?
What outcomes can we reasonably expect of democracy?
Does democracy fulfil these expectations in real life?
How to assess the outcomes of democracy?
Democracy is better because
Accountable, responsive and legitimate government
ELECTION,DEBATE AND INFORMATION
PEOPLE’S NEED AND CORRUPTION
Economic growth and development
Reduction of inequality and poverty
Accommodation of social diversity
Dignity and freedom of the citizens
Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 Sectors of Indian Economy VJLEARNING
This document explains the Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 Sectors of Indian Economy
This is helpful for teachers also, especially during online classes. This document will help Teachers to teach their students. Students learn better when they experience the lessons visually, so students and teachers, please to see it
Hope you like it.
this PPT is about class 10 political science's chapter Political parties and the material is entirely based on NCERT book ans has been edited for better understanding of students.
This Powerpoint Presentation is on the chapter Agriculture from Class 10 Geography in CBSE Board. The information included is solely from Class 10 Geography textbook.
Chapter - 5, Working of Institutions, Democratic Politics/Civics, Social Scie...Shivam Parmar
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Chapter - 5, Working of Institutions, Democratic Politics, Social Science, Class 9
INTRODUCTION
PARLIAMENT
TWO HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT
POLITICAL EXECUTIVE
PRIME MINISTER AND COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
THE PRESIDENT
THE JUDICIARY
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
Chapter - 3, Water Resources, Geography, Social Science, Class 10Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
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Chapter - 3, Water Resources, Geography, Social Science, Class 10
INTRODUCTION
CAUSES OF WATER SCARCITY
OPPOSITION OF MULTI PURPOSE PROJECTS
RAINWATER HARVESTING
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
Grade 10 Social Science - Political Science- ch- 1 -Power SharingNavya Rai
Grade 10 Social Science - Political Science- ch- 1 -Power Sharing
Power sharing is technique to share the power at different levels. It is an idea inculcated in democracy so that the power is not concentrated at one hand only and that different forms can keep a check on each other. India is an example of 'holding together' federations, where the power is shared between central government and different constituent states.
CLASS X ECONOMICS CHAPTER 1 DEVELOPMENT CBSEAnjaliKaur3
Synopsis
Development and its features.
Income and other goals
National Development
Comparison among different countries or states
Other criteria for comparing countries
Public Facilities
Educational achievement of Rural Population of U.P.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Human Development Index (HDI)
Sustainable Development
this PPT is about class 10 political science's chapter Political parties and the material is entirely based on NCERT book ans has been edited for better understanding of students.
This Powerpoint Presentation is on the chapter Agriculture from Class 10 Geography in CBSE Board. The information included is solely from Class 10 Geography textbook.
Chapter - 5, Working of Institutions, Democratic Politics/Civics, Social Scie...Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 5, Working of Institutions, Democratic Politics, Social Science, Class 9
INTRODUCTION
PARLIAMENT
TWO HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT
POLITICAL EXECUTIVE
PRIME MINISTER AND COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
THE PRESIDENT
THE JUDICIARY
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
Chapter - 3, Water Resources, Geography, Social Science, Class 10Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 3, Water Resources, Geography, Social Science, Class 10
INTRODUCTION
CAUSES OF WATER SCARCITY
OPPOSITION OF MULTI PURPOSE PROJECTS
RAINWATER HARVESTING
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
Grade 10 Social Science - Political Science- ch- 1 -Power SharingNavya Rai
Grade 10 Social Science - Political Science- ch- 1 -Power Sharing
Power sharing is technique to share the power at different levels. It is an idea inculcated in democracy so that the power is not concentrated at one hand only and that different forms can keep a check on each other. India is an example of 'holding together' federations, where the power is shared between central government and different constituent states.
CLASS X ECONOMICS CHAPTER 1 DEVELOPMENT CBSEAnjaliKaur3
Synopsis
Development and its features.
Income and other goals
National Development
Comparison among different countries or states
Other criteria for comparing countries
Public Facilities
Educational achievement of Rural Population of U.P.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Human Development Index (HDI)
Sustainable Development
Democratic Politics Chapter 7 Grade 10 CBSE [Outcomes of Democracy]ssh09
Democratic Politics Chapter I for grade 10 i hope it is going to be more interesting and easier for the students to learn and revise. I hope students of CBSE schools will benefit across the globe.
MianAirForce | Psychology of Professional AthletesAmir Mehmood
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Here I bring to you the presentation of civics chapter-1 class-9
in this you can show the ppt to the teacher or else you can make the notes of this . Thank you and pls download, comment and like
Who and What Ought Government RepresentWith the close of anot.docxphilipnelson29183
Who and What Ought Government Represent?
With the close of another presidential election cycle, we once again heard complaints about the Electoral College, that mysterious group of appointees sent from each state to officially choose the next president in accordance with formulae determined by each state. That most states choose the formula of committing all their electors to the candidate who wins the plurality of votes in that state’s popular election is coincidental and established by no federal mandate. At any rate, the fact that more and more people in this country think this to be an undemocratic way of choosing a president might give us pause to reflect on what it means for government to be representative in the first place.
The description of government “of the people, by the people, and for the people” doesn’t solve the problem, since here at issue is not just who it is to be represented, but the manner of representation. Still, it is important to settle who “the people” are or ought to be, so let’s start there.
One common assumption is that the people are the citizens of the state or nation in question. But this leaves out all other residents. Should government only represent its citizens and not its residents? If so, would that not quite probably lead to a form of tyranny by citizens over non-citizens?
Perhaps one might agree to extend the representation, but only to legal residents. But there are strong considerations – both of a utilitarian and non-utilitarian nature – arguing for inclusion of illegal residents as well. Not to represent them is either to ignore their presence or to oppose their presence. Either policy leads to social chaos, since such a large group as this cannot be easily removed or treated with contempt without a great deal of harm not only to them, but to citizens and other legal residents as well.
A final thought on the “who” question is that we may be on the verge of having to recognize that our president must in some significant sense represent not just citizens and residents of this land, but of the whole world.
As to the manner of representation, baffled by the Electoral College are perhaps taken by the assumption that government‘s representative duty is exclusively to the individual. But this is clearly not how America’s forefathers thought, and their reasons are grounded in the fear of what John Stuart Mill called the Tyranny of the Majority: that a majority can stifle the voice and political life of minority voices and thus thwart the benefits of democracy, which are grounded in freedom of speech and cultivation of diversity of opinion.
To offset the likelihood of a Tyranny of the Majority requires a republic to balance individual representation against another form of representation; typically either geographical: typically in the form of smaller units of government – in our case, states – or political: typically in the form of proportionate representation of political parties – a common .
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
4. How do we assess democracy’s
outcomes?
Democracy is a better form of government when compared with
dictatorship or any other alternative because:
1. Promotes equality among citizens;
2. Enhances the dignity of the individual;
3. Improves the quality of decision making;
4. Provides a method to resolve conflicts; and
5. Allows room to correct mistakes
5. How do we assess democracy’s
outcomes?
Over a hundred countries of the world today claim and practice
some kind of democratic politics: they have formal constitutions,
they hold elections, they have parties and they guarantee rights of
citizens.
While these features are common to most of them, these
democracies are very much different from each other in terms of
their social situations, their economic achievements and their
cultures.
6. How do we assess democracy’s
outcomes?
Our interest in and fascination for democracy often pushes us into
taking a position that democracy can address all socio-economic and
political problems.
If some of our expectations are not met, we start blaming the idea of
democracy.
The first step towards thinking carefully about the outcomes of
democracy is to recognise that democracy is just a form of government.
It can only create conditions for achieving something.
The citizens have to take advantage of those conditions and achieve
those goals.
7. Accountable, responsive and
legitimate government
Accountable Government:
In a democracy people will have the right to choose their rulers and
people will have control over the rulers.
The most basic outcome of democracy should be that it produces a
government that is accountable to the citizens, and responsive to the
needs and expectations of the citizens.
Some people think that democracy produces less effective
government. It is, of course, true that non-democratic rulers do not
have to bother about deliberation in assemblies or worry about
majorities and public opinion.
So, they can be very quick and efficient in decision making and
implementation.
9. Accountable, responsive and
legitimate government
Democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation. So,
some delay is bound to take place.
But because it has followed procedures, its decisions may be both
more acceptable to the people and more effective.
So, the cost of time that democracy pays is perhaps worth it.
Democracy ensures that decision making will be based on norms
and procedures.
So, a citizen who wants to know if a decision was taken through
the correct procedures can find this out. This is known as
transparency.
11. Accountable, responsive and
legitimate government
The democratic government develops mechanisms for citizens to hold
the government accountable and mechanisms for citizens to take part
in decision making whenever they think fit.
To measure democracies on the basis of this expected outcome, we
need to follow regular, free and fair elections; open public debate on
major policies and legislations; and citizens’ right to information about
the government and its functioning.
The actual performance of democracies shows a mixed record on this.
Democracies have had greater success in setting up regular and free
elections and in setting up conditions for open public debate.
12. Accountable, responsive and
legitimate government
But most democracies fall short of elections that provide a fair
chance to everyone and in subjecting every decision to public
debate and sharing information.
Democratic regimes are much better than any non-democratic
regime in these respects.
The record of democracies is not impressive on two aspects such as
attentive to the needs and demands of the people and is largely
free of corruption.
At the same time, there is nothing to show that non-democracies
are less corrupt or more sensitive to the people.
14. Accountable, responsive and
legitimate government
Legitimate government:
A democratic government may be slow, less efficient, not always
very responsive or clean but it is is people’s own government.
People wish to be ruled by representatives elected by them.
They also believe that democracy is suitable for their country.
Democracy’s ability to generate its own support is itself an
outcome that cannot be ignored.
15.
16. Economic growth and development
If we consider all democracies and all dictatorships for the fifty
years between 1950 and 2000, dictatorships have slightly higher
rate of economic growth.
But economic development depends on several factors: country’s
population size, global situation, cooperation from other countries,
economic priorities adopted by the country, etc.
The difference in the rates of economic development between less
developed countries with dictatorships and democracies is
negligible.
18. Economic growth and development
Overall, we cannot say that democracy is a guarantee of economic
development.
But we can expect democracy not to lag behind dictatorships in
this respect.
When we find such significant difference in the rates of economic
growth between countries under dictatorship and democracy, it is
better to prefer democracy as it has several other positive
outcomes.
21. Reduction of inequality and poverty
Even when a country achieves economic growth, the wealth will not be
distributed in such a way that all citizens of the country will have a share
and lead a better life.
Democracies are based on political equality. All individuals have equal
weight in electing representatives but we can find growing economic
inequalities.
A small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportionate share of
wealth and incomes and their share in the total income of the country has
been increasing.
Those at the bottom of the society have very little to depend upon.
22. Reduction of inequality and poverty
Sometimes the poor find it difficult to meet their basic needs of
life, such as food, clothing, house, education and health.
In actual life, democracies do not appear to be very successful in
reducing economic inequalities.
The poor constitute a large proportion of our voters and no party
will like to lose their votes.
Yet democratically elected governments do not appear to be as
keen to address the problems of the poor.
In Bangladesh, more than half of its population lives in poverty.
25. Accommodation of social diversity
No society can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among
different groups.
Democracy is best suited to produce this outcome.
Non-democratic regimes often turn a blind eye to or suppress
internal social differences.
Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts is thus a
definite plus point of democratic regimes.
26. Accommodation of social diversity
Example of Sri Lanka:
1. It is necessary to understand that democracy is not simply rule
by majority opinion. The majority always needs to work with the
minority so that governments function to represent the general
view. Majority and minority opinions are not permanent.
2. It is also necessary that rule by majority does not become rule
by majority community in terms of religion or race or linguistic
group, etc. Democracy remains democracy only as long as every
citizen has a chance of being in majority at some point of time.
28. Dignity and freedom of the citizens
Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government
in promoting dignity and freedom of the individual.
Every individual wants to receive respect from fellow beings.
The passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy.
Democracies throughout the world have recognised this, at least in
principle.
This has been achieved in various degrees in various democracies.
29. Dignity and freedom of the citizens
Dignity of women:
Most societies across the world were historically male dominated
societies.
Long struggles by women have created some sensitivity today that
respect to and equal treatment of women are necessary
ingredients of a democratic society.
That does not mean that women are actually always treated with
respect.
But once the principle is recognised, it becomes easier for women
to wage a struggle against what is now unacceptable legally and
morally.
31. Dignity and freedom of the citizens
Caste Inequalities:
Democracy in India has strengthened the claims of the
disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and equal
opportunity.
There are instances still of caste-based inequalities and atrocities,
but these lack the moral and legal foundations.
Perhaps it is the recognition that makes ordinary citizens value
their democratic rights.
33. Expectations from democracy
Expectations from democracy also function as the criteria for
judging any democratic country.
This distinctive feature in democracy is the examination never gets
over. As democracy passes one test, it produces another test.
As people get some benefits of democracy, they ask for more and
want to make democracy even better.
A public expression of dissatisfaction with democracy shows the
success of the democratic project: it transforms people from the
status of a subject into that of a citizen.