Nodulariser Alloy - FeSiMg
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Ferro Silicon Magnesium Alloy is used for production of Spheroidal Graphite Iron. The presentation gives insight for Why S.G. Iron is used? and Application of FeSiMg alloy in the production of S.G. Iron.
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Nodulariser Alloy - FeSiMg
- 1. Master Alloy – FeSiMg a précis
- 3. Steel Alloy of Fe & C C = 0.2% to 2.1%
- 4. Iron Element abundant in earths crust Alloy of Fe, C & Si Cast Iron C = 1.7 to 4.3% Si = 0.5 to 3%
- 5. Iron-Iron Carbide diagram Liquid Austenite + Fe3C + L + L + Fe3C 723˚C 910˚C 0% 0.8% ~2% ~3% + Fe3C Carbon wt % TempC Cast IronSteel
- 6. Steel Forms used Cables / Structures / Wires / Cutting Tools / Armor / Springs / Rails Mild Steel High Carbon Steel Low Carbon Steel Stainless Steel
- 7. Cast Iron Forms used Pipes / Machines / cylinder heads / cylinder blocks / gear boxes Gray White Malleable Ductile
- 9. Mechanical PropertiesCast Iron ASTM A48 Class 25 Ductile Iron ASTM A395 Cast Steel ASTM A216 Grade WCB Tensile Strength, Min psi 25,000 60,000 80,000 Yield Strength, Min psi Negligible 40,000 36,000 Elongation, Min % in 2” Negligible 12 – 18% 22 – 30% Cost of
- 10. Flakes to Nodules formation - addition of nodularizing elements like Mg/Ce Cast Iron S G Iron
- 11. Nodularizing – Mechanism Nodularizing is a simultaneous desulphurizing & deoxidizing Mg + S= MgS --------- Desulphurization Mg + O = MgO ------- Deoxidation Mg + Si + 3O = MgSiO3 2Mg + Si + 4O = Mg2SiO4 After this the growth of graphite proceed as nodules Graphite Orthorhombic Irregular shape Increased under cooling Spheroidal
- 12. As the solidification velocity increases with time the graphite flakes After Mg Treatment
- 15. Plunger Process
- 16. Inmould Process
- 17. Cored Wire Treatment Process FeSiMg / Mg wire Treatment ladle (covered)
- 18. Role of Alloying Elements- FeSiMg alloy Mg 12 Magnesium allows to precipitate graphite in the form of nodules RE 58 Rare earth reduces the negative effects of trace elements like Ar/Bi/Ti/Pb, forms intermetallic, also reduce sulphur
- 19. Ca 20 Reduces the reactivity of Mg and thus minimizing the fumes emission Initiate the modification process by reacting with S and O forming sulfide and silicate phase Role of Alloying Elements- FeSiMg alloy Al 13 Aluminium in reduces undercooling and shrinkage tendency
- 21. Compositio n of FeSiMg Alloy Slag in Furnac e Allo y Cove r Ladle Design (D:H) Time between treatmen t and pouring Tapping Temp Sulph ur conte nt ApproximateAddition% ofFeSiMgalloy 1.2 High Ca&Re FeSiMg alloy Very low Good 1:2 1 min 1460°C 0.005% 1.7 Low Ca&Re FeSiMg alloy High No 1:1 8 min 1500°C 0.015% Parameters
- 22. Sources & Effect of impurities Elements Effects Sources Max Limit % Lead Can reduce tensile Strength, Promotes pearlite paints, freecutting steels, nonferrous alloys, 0.002 Antimony Degenerate Graphite nodules white metal, solder, some pig irons 0.005 Bismuth Promotes carbides and undesirable graphite forms that reduce tensile properties Bismuth containing molds and core coatings 0.002 Titanium Promotes undercooled graphite. Some pig irons, steel scrap, 0.05 Aluminum Promotes hydrogen pinhole defects ferrous alloys, inoculants, scrap 0.6
- 23. Present Market Potential & Minex Presence 64000MT/Year 30000MT/Year 14000MT/Year
- 25. Top Casting Producers Europe 12 million tons Japan 4.4 million tons Russia 4.2 million tons China 35.3 million tons India 7.4 million tons Brazil 2.3 million tons North America 9.6 million tons
- 26. 5 10 15 20 China India US Japan Russia MillionTons Gray Iron Ductile Iron Gray Iron vs. Ductile Iron 65% 35%
- 32. Rolling Mill
- 35. Nuclear Fuel
- 36. Low Pressure
- 37. And Many More excellent machining, dampening capacity Good wear characteristics compressive Strength
- 38. thank you!