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Eyetracking Photojournalism Research by Sara Quinn
The document outlines a study on photojournalism conducted by Sara Quinn for the National Press Photographers Association, focusing on what makes a photo worth publishing. Key findings indicate that professionally taken photographs receive more attention and are more likely to be shared than user-generated content, with specific elements like faces and emotional storytelling significantly influencing viewer engagement. The study highlights the importance of quality, context, and well-developed captions in determining the impact of photographic images.
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Eyetracking Photojournalism Research by Sara Quinn
- 1. Eyetrack:Photojournalism What makes aphoto worth publishing? S A R A Q U I N N M E D I A @saraquinn ! Research for the National Press Photographers Association
- 2. “What can youtell me about photojournalism from Poynter’s eyetrack research?”
- 3. Documentary photos getmore attention than static or posed photos. ! Faces attract a lot of attention—often the first thing looked at, in a photograph. ! Mugshots get only a fleeting glance— purely informational, unless there is strong, supporting information in the presentation. E A R L I E R P O Y N T E R S T U D I E S
- 4. What makes aphoto worth publishing?
- 5. Eyetrack:Photojournalism What makes aphoto worth publishing?
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- 22. “Digital Natives” “Printnets” ! 18-30years old 45-60 years old51% 49% Wetestedtwo,distinctagegroups. ! ! ! Born into a digital world. One foot in the print world, one foot in digital. THE STUDY
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- 24. 100 photos contributedby the public (user generated content) 100 photos taken by professional photojournalists + 200 photos shown randomly between pro and UGC
- 25. THE STUDY All imageshad been published by news organizations. 200 photos shown randomly between pro and UGC
- 26. We recorded eyemovements to see what subjects looked at, at any given time.
- 27. We recorded eyemovements to see what subjects looked at, at any given time. 1. Eyetracking
- 28. An invisible, infraredcamera captures the gaze of the eyes.
- 29. Our eye trackinggear created a video that revealed the gaze of the eye.
- 31. THE STUDY We askedsubjects to rate the quality of each image. 2. Quality rating
- 32. THE STUDY We askedsubjects to rate the quality of each image. And the likelihood that they might share it. 3. Probability of sharing
- 33. “Was this photographtaken by a professional photojournalist, or not?” 4. Presumption of source
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- 36. Captions appeared asoriginally published, including the photographer’s name, though we excluded the publication name.
- 46. PhotojournalistsamonghardesthitbyU.S.jobcuts 2000 2005 20102012 Reporters, writers ! ! ! ! ! Copy editors, layout editors, online producers ! Photographers, videographers, artists 25,593 ! ! ! ! 10,901 ! 6,171 17,422 ! ! 7,980 ! 3,493 Pew Research Center, American Society of News Editors, 2013
- 47. PhotojournalistsamonghardesthitbyU.S.jobcuts 2000 2005 20102012 Reporters, writers ! ! ! ! ! Copy editors, layout editors, online producers ! Photographers, videographers, artists 25,593 ! ! ! ! 10,901 ! 6,171 -32 ! ! -27 ! -43 Pew Research Center, American Society of News Editors, 2013
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- 49. 100 photos contributedby the public (user generated content) 100 photos taken by professional photojournalists + 200 photos
- 50. People spent 50percent longer with the professional photographs in the study FINDINGS User-submitted news photographs Professional photojournalism
- 51. People were ableto identify a professionally taken photo 90 percent of the time. ! ! ! FINDINGS
- 52. Average time spentlooking at professional photographs in the study: FINDINGS Faces 36% 33% Captions
- 53. Average time spentlooking at professional photographs in the study: FINDINGS 14% Bodies Faces 36% 33% Captions 10% Details 7% Other
- 54. FINDINGS Each of thehighest rated photographs in the study was taken by a professional photojournalist.
- 61. FINDINGS Of the 25highest rated photos: ! ! ! ! ! ! Women, particularly older women, were most likely to give a photo the highest rating. Older men were most likely to give a lower rating. Younger men least likely to give either the highest or lowest rating. ! News ! Features ! Sports 11 ! 9 ! 5 professional ! professional ! professional
- 62. FINDINGS Professional photos inthe study were twice as likely to be shared.
- 63. What were peoplelikely to share? FINDINGS
- 64. Social media, e-mailor, “Hey, you have to see this!” FINDINGS
- 65. … Emotional, relatablephotographs. FINDINGS
- 66. This dog, “Otto,”was the only UGC photograph to make the list of most shareable photos. .
- 67. OBSERVATIONS: People were drawnto faces, first, even in a complex image. People were drawn to faces first, even in a complex image.
- 68. OBSERVATIONS: People were drawnto faces, first, even in a complex image.
- 69. OBSERVATIONS: People were drawnfirst, to faces.
- 70. OBSERVATIONS: People were drawnfirst, to faces.
- 71. OBSERVATIONS: People were drawnfirst, to faces.
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- 77. FINDINGS Test subjects showedgreat interest in interactions between people in a photo.
- 79. They were alsointerested in the interaction between people in the frame. FINDINGS “Emotional” content was often cited as making a photo most interesting.
- 80. FINDINGS Captions were wellread in the study.
- 81. FINDINGS The longer orbetter-developed a caption, the more likely the photo itself received attention.
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- 84. People look backand forth between caption and image, establishing context.
- 85. FINDINGS Captions in oursurvey of user-generated photographs tended to be poorly-developed.
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- 97. FINDINGS Each photo citedas “most memorable” was a professional image.
- 98. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Mygosh, this told a story. And, it immediately drew me in.”
- 99. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Theone of the two ladies leaving the dance floor. You could tell that they were happy. The picture, itself, told a good story. Not the caption—just the picture itself.”
- 100. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Thetwo guys hugging. It captured emotion. It was being in the right place and capturing the photo at exactly the right time.”
- 101. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Agirl being happy and young and carefree over this very, very somber place. It was just a great picture.”
- 102. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Thelittle girl—there’s obviously the contrast between life and death. It was a natural photo that represented some very interesting ideas. And the moment that it captured … it seemed very genuine.”
- 103. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “I’mnot a sports person, at all. But … it’s a high quality photo, catching the moment—the guy being called out on whatever base it was. I remember the emotion in the moment.”
- 104. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Adramatic, human moment. Something that can tell the story on it’s own. Something I don’t see. Like, the firefighters getting the bus driver out … without that picture we would never have that perspective.”
- 105. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Therewas like a split second where she let go of the golf club — and it was crystal clear. It was up close. It caught a big moment. That’s the kind of stuff I like to linger over, and just marvel at.”
- 106. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Richand beautifully colored. Technical perfection. Clarity of focus.”
- 107. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Theguy with a flamingo wrapped around his head. It was such a fun, unexpected picture.”
- 108. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “Thephotographer would have had been laying on the ground! And, this is what we’ve all been feeling here in Minnesota. Ready for spring.”
- 109. MOST MEMORABLE PHOTOGRAPHS: “It’snot that it’s rare, it’s that someone has decided to see it!”
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- 111. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: Peopleweren’t shy when describing what they didn’t like: — nothing of interest in that photo to me, personally — just the backs of heads — just another, every day moment — just someone smiling at the camera, posed — just a crowd shot — just another snapshot — just a cell phone picture — a line-up of people, rather than a moment — PR pictures, social media pictures — too far away from the subject — cropped funny — no story to it — not enough information
- 112. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: Peopleweren’t shy when describing what they didn’t like: — nothing of interest in that photo to me, personally — just the backs of heads — just another, every day moment — just someone smiling at the camera, posed — just a crowd shot — just another snapshot — just a cell phone picture — a line-up of people, rather than a moment — PR pictures, social media pictures — too far away from the subject — cropped funny — no story to it — not enough information
- 113. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: Peopleweren’t shy when describing what they didn’t like: — nothing of interest in that photo to me, personally — just the backs of heads — just another, every day moment — just someone smiling at the camera, posed — just a crowd shot — just another snapshot — just a cell phone picture — a line-up of people, rather than a moment — PR pictures, social media pictures — too far away from the subject — cropped funny — no story to it — not enough information
- 114. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: Peopleweren’t shy when describing what they didn’t like: — nothing of interest in that photo to me, personally — just the backs of heads — just another, every day moment — just someone smiling at the camera, posed — just a crowd shot — just another snapshot — just a cell phone picture — a line-up of people, rather than a moment — PR pictures, social media pictures — too far away from the subject — cropped funny — no story to it — not enough information
- 115. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: Peopleweren’t shy when describing what they didn’t like: — nothing of interest in that photo to me, personally — just the backs of heads — just another, every day moment — just someone smiling at the camera, posed — just a crowd shot — just another snapshot — just a cell phone picture — a line-up of people, rather than a moment — PR pictures, social media pictures — too far away from the subject — cropped funny — no story to it — not enough information
- 116. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: Peopleweren’t shy when describing what they didn’t like: — nothing of interest in that photo to me, personally — just the backs of heads — just another, every day moment — just someone smiling at the camera, posed — just a crowd shot — just another snapshot — just a cell phone picture — a line-up of people, rather than a moment — PR pictures, social media pictures — too far away from the subject — cropped funny — no story to it — not enough information
- 117. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: Peopleweren’t shy when describing what they didn’t like: — nothing of interest in that photo to me, personally — just the backs of heads — just another, every day moment — just someone smiling at the camera, posed — just a crowd shot — just another snapshot — just a cell phone picture — a line-up of people, rather than a moment — PR pictures, social media pictures — too far away from the subject — cropped funny — no story to it — not enough information
- 118. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Poorquality” “TV stations that say, ‘Hey, send us pictures from your backyard!’ ” ! ! ! !
- 119. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Afew grip-and-grins, and people holding up fish.” ! ! ! ! ! “Poor quality”
- 120. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: Wordsto describe “less than quality” photos: “A few grip-and-grins, and people holding up fish.” ! ! ! ! !
- 121. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Ican see them going in, to get the glasses for the eclipse … but, it would have been great to see the glasses.” Lowest quality ratings:
- 122. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Justa bunch of people, standing in a line.” Lowest quality ratings:
- 123. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Ijust don’t care! I don’t know who you are. I don’t know what’s going on in the game. It doesn’t seem newsworthy. Maybe with social media … but news, no.” Lowest quality ratings:
- 124. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Ilooked and looked, but a photo of a dock where a boat floated away isn’t much of a photo.” Lowest quality ratings:
- 125. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Thesubject of this is barely in the picture.” Lowest quality ratings:
- 126. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Quality”photos: — tells me a story vs. just capturing a scene ! — the right place at the right time ! — kismet, in terms of the moment ! — subject matter that has some currency or relevance ! — capturing the exact moment that’s crucial to the action — dramatic, human moments ! — makes you say “wow” ! — a perspective I might never see ! ! !
- 127. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Quality”photos: — tells me a story vs. just capturing a scene ! — the right place at the right time ! — kismet, in terms of the moment ! — subject matter that has some currency or relevance ! — capturing the exact moment that’s crucial to the action — dramatic, human moments ! — makes you say “wow” ! — a perspective I might never see ! ! !
- 128. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Quality”photos: — tells me a story vs. just capturing a scene ! — the right place at the right time ! — kismet, in terms of the moment ! — subject matter that has some currency or relevance ! — capturing the exact moment that’s crucial to the action — dramatic, human moments ! — makes you say “wow” ! — a perspective I might never see ! ! !
- 129. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Quality”photos: — tells me a story vs. just capturing a scene ! — the right place at the right time ! — kismet, in terms of the moment ! — subject matter that has some currency or relevance ! — capturing the exact moment that’s crucial to the action — dramatic, human moments ! — makes you say “wow” ! — a perspective I might never see ! ! !
- 130. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Quality”photos: — tells me a story vs. just capturing a scene ! — the right place at the right time ! — kismet, in terms of the moment ! — subject matter that has some currency or relevance ! — capturing the exact moment that’s crucial to the action — dramatic, human moments ! — makes you say “wow” ! — a perspective I might never see ! ! !
- 131. FROM EXIT INTERVIEWS: “Quality”photos: — tells me a story vs. just capturing a scene ! — the right place at the right time ! — kismet, in terms of the moment ! — subject matter that has some currency or relevance ! — capturing the exact moment that’s crucial to the action — dramatic, human moments ! — makes you say “wow” ! — a perspective I might never see ! ! !
- 132. What makes aphoto worth publishing?
- 133. SELECTED COMMENTS FROMEXIT INTERVIEWS: “(A photo where) someone’s recognizing the detail in something. If I feel like I’m actually seeing what they’re seeing.” ! ! ! !
- 134. Here’s why this wasworth your time.
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- 138. Peopleshowinterestininteractions betweenpeopleinaphoto. HERE’S WHY THISIS WORTH YOUR TIME
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- 140. Goodcaptionsmatterforcontext. HERE’S WHY THISIS WORTH YOUR TIME
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- 142. Moretimeisspentwithphotographs thathavestrongcontext: ! a genuine moment ! interaction/relationships ! emotion ! well-developedcaption ! rare perspective ! storytelling ! HERE’S WHY THIS IS WORTH YOUR TIME
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- 144. Others show us time,place, moment and story.
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