Photojournalism




           Nafise Esmael Motlagh
Main concept

 History of photojournalism
 Journalism and photojournalism
 Technology of photojournalism
 Tips and tricks in assignments
History of photojournalism

 150 years of photojournalism
 Early
 E l war photography
            h t      h
 Photography and social change
 Development of 35mm
 Picture magazines
 Farm Securities Administration (FSA)
 World War 2 and after
 Magnum Photos
History of photojournalism

 The 1950s
 Vietnam
 Vi t
 Threat from television
 The new photojournalism
 War at the end of the 20th century
 Digital technology
 Citizen journalism
 The future
History of photojournalism

 BERESON
 ERWITT
 NATCHWAY
 MARK
 CAPA
Journalism and photojournalism
Journalism and photojournalism

Contacts
This module will enable you to:
  build up a contacts book
  understand the value of having good
  contacts
  develop a method of finding ideas
Journalism and photojournalism

  Contacts
Contacts book
Value of contacts
Press and information officers
Colleagues
The internet
Exercise
Journalism and photojournalism

Editorial values
This
Thi module will enable you to:
         d l     ill    bl      t
  identify the values that underpin journalism
  understand h
     d t d how th    these values are put i t
                             l          t into
  practice
  behave responsibly as a journalist
Journalism and photojournalism

  Editorial values
Accuracy
Fairness
Objectivity
Responsibility
Journalism and photojournalism

Editors and assignments
This
Thi module will enable you to:
         d l      ill   bl       t
  understand the role of a picture editor
  develop skills t approach editors
  d    l     kill to         h dit
  identify the different kinds of assignments
  and sales
Journalism and photojournalism

  Editors and assignments
Chain of command
Kinds of editor
Teamwork
Responsibility
R        ibilit
Building trust
Find an ally
Get involved
Be a journalist
Types of commission or sale
Journalism and photojournalism

Ethics in photojournalism
This module will enable you to:
  understand some of the moral issues that
  confront photojournalists
  identify guidelines for ethical conduct
  develop a personal code of ethics
Journalism and photojournalism

  Ethics in photojournalism
Manipulation of pictures
Setting up pictures
Misuse of images by clients
The public interest v. individual rights
How to decide
Journalism and photojournalism

Ideas
This module will enable you to:
  distinguish between images and illustrations
  understand where you are likely to find good
  visual images
  develop a sense of what the market wants
Journalism and photojournalism

Ideas
What
Wh t makes a good idea?
          k       d id ?
Stand-alone images
Journalistic images versus illustrations
How do you find ideas?
What the market wants
Is it worth it?
Exercise
Journalism and photojournalism

Role of the journalist
This
Thi module will enable you to:
         d l     ill     bl        t
  understand the role journalists play in
  society
  be aware of the constraints under which a
  j
  journalist works
  identify the skills a journalist needs
Journalism and photojournalism

  Role of the journalist
What do journalists do?
Constraints on journalists
Editorial guidelines
Active journalism
Processing and presenting
Journalism and photojournalism

What is news?
This module will enable you to:
  identify different kinds of news
  test information for its newsworthiness
  understand the market for news
Journalism and photojournalism

  What is news?
New
Important
Interesting
Relevant
Testing for newsworthiness
Timingg
Journalism and photojournalism

Writing captions
This
Thi module will enable you to:
          d l     ill   bl      t
  write appropriate captions to your pictures
  practise writing clear, concise captions
       ti     iti     l       i      ti
  understand the importance of getting facts
  rights
Journalism and photojournalism

  Writing captions
Test the pictures
Complement the image
Explain
Guide and engage the viewer
Write concisely
TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY

Color
This module will enable you to:
  identify the strengths and weaknesses of the two
  modes of photography.
  understand color temperature and how to control it
  see in black and white
  get the maximum information into a black and white
  image
TECHNOLOGY
Color versus black and white
Color
Color temperature
Daylight
Artificial light
Filters
Black and white (B/W)
Seeing in black and white
Latitude
L tit d
Filters
Digital cameras
Printing
TECHNOLOGY

composition
This
Thi module will enable you to:
        d l    ill   bl        t
  use the elements of composition to create
  appealing images
  compose pictures that tell a story
  develop an individual style
TECHNOLOGY
   Composition
Learn to see photographically
Study pictures
St d pict res
Rule of thirds
Balance
Verticals and horizontals
Foreground and background
Focus
Using the frame
Positive and negative space
Light
Tone and contrast
Patterns and lines
Don’t forget the message
TECHNOLOGY

Exposure
This module will enable you to:
  understand the relationship between shutter speed,
  aperture and film speed
  use different ways of metering exposure
  expose for both negative film and digital cameras
  recognize the effects of over- and under exposure
                           over      under-exposure
  use camera controls creatively
TECHNOLOGY

   Exposure
Camera controls – shutter speed, aperture and film speed
Metering
Exposure latitude
Types of film
Over- and under-exposure
Metering in difficult light
Practice
Lighting ratios
Exercise
Technical criteria
TECHNOLOGY

Flash
This module will enable you to:
  identify the different techniques of portable
  flash
  use flash to create natural effects
TECHNOLOGY

    Flash
Flash power
Direct flash
Fill flash
Flash as the main light
Separate flash from camera
Synchronizing with shutter speed
Balancing flash
Flash blur
Bounce flash
Tips
TECHNOLOGY

Lenses
This
Thi module will enable you to:
         d l     ill    bl     t
  understand the effects created by lenses of
  different focal lengths
  use standard, wide-angle, telephoto and
  specialist lenses creatively
   p                         y
TECHNOLOGY

  Lenses
Range of lenses
Lens speed
Camera shake
Standard l
St d d lens
Wide-angle lenses
Telephoto and long lenses
Extreme lenses
Specialist lenses
Zooms
TECHNOLOGY

Light
This
Thi module will enable you to:
          d l      ill   bl     t
  identify the various types of natural and
  artificial light
  understand the characters of different types
  of light
       g
  sharpen your awareness of light
  use light creatively
         g             y
TECHNOLOGY

  Light
Types of light
T        f li ht
Qualities of light
Times of day
Artificial light
Flash
Reflectors
Learning to see light
Tips and tricks in assignments
Tips and tricks in assignments

Close-up and detail
This module will enable you to:
  fill the frame using both close-up and a long
  lens
  appreciate the usefulness of the close-up or
  detail h t
  d t il shot
  practice using very close focus
Tips and tricks in assignments

  Close-up and detail
Playing with scale
Composition
Lenses
Value of the close-up
Exercise
Technical criteria
Tips and tricks in assignments

Establishing shot
This module will enable you to:
  understand the concept of setting up a story
  practice the wide shot
  develop your range of visual abilities
Tips and tricks in assignments

  Establishing shot
Timing
Landscapes
Composition
Exercise
Technical criteria
Tips and tricks in assignments

Person at work
This
Thi module will enable you to:
         d l    ill  bl       t
  understand how to shoot a single image
  gain th confidence of strangers and access
     i the    fid     f t            d
  to them at work
  develop your understanding of lenses film
                                lenses,
  and equipment
Tips and tricks in assignments

  Person at work
Guidelines
Practical advice
Exercise
Technical criteria
Tips and tricks in assignments

Portrait
This
Thi module will enable you to:
         d l   ill     bl       t
  practice head shots, environmental portraits
  and groups
  make a portrait that reveals a person’s
  character
  understand the use of light in a portrait
Tips and tricks in assignments

  Portrait
Head h t
H d shots
Environmental portraits
Groups
General principle
Practical advice
Exercise
Technical criteria
Tips and tricks in assignments

Relationships
This
Thi module will enable you to:
         d l   ill   bl       t
  gain confidence in working in intimate situations with
  strangers
  understand how body language and expression
  convey feelings
  develop your understanding of camera operation in
  the field
Tips and tricks in assignments

  Relationships
Types of relationship
T       f l ti     hi
Emotion and body language
Scale
Planning
Access and permission
Exercise
Technical criteria
Tips and tricks in assignments

  Single image
What is my message?
Who is my audience?
How to photograph
Technique
Learning what works and what sells
Ethical considerations
Tips and tricks in assignments

The moment
This
Thi module will enable you to:
         d l   ill    bl      t
  practice spontaneous shooting in situations you do
  not control
  develop your instinctive control of the camera
  explore the movement and organization of the street
Tips and tricks in assignments

  The moment
Guidelines
Practical advice
Exercise
Technical criteria

Photojournalism

  • 1.
    Photojournalism Nafise Esmael Motlagh
  • 2.
    Main concept Historyof photojournalism Journalism and photojournalism Technology of photojournalism Tips and tricks in assignments
  • 3.
    History of photojournalism 150 years of photojournalism Early E l war photography h t h Photography and social change Development of 35mm Picture magazines Farm Securities Administration (FSA) World War 2 and after Magnum Photos
  • 4.
    History of photojournalism The 1950s Vietnam Vi t Threat from television The new photojournalism War at the end of the 20th century Digital technology Citizen journalism The future
  • 5.
    History of photojournalism BERESON ERWITT NATCHWAY MARK CAPA
  • 6.
  • 7.
    Journalism and photojournalism Contacts Thismodule will enable you to: build up a contacts book understand the value of having good contacts develop a method of finding ideas
  • 8.
    Journalism and photojournalism Contacts Contacts book Value of contacts Press and information officers Colleagues The internet Exercise
  • 9.
    Journalism and photojournalism Editorialvalues This Thi module will enable you to: d l ill bl t identify the values that underpin journalism understand h d t d how th these values are put i t l t into practice behave responsibly as a journalist
  • 10.
    Journalism and photojournalism Editorial values Accuracy Fairness Objectivity Responsibility
  • 11.
    Journalism and photojournalism Editorsand assignments This Thi module will enable you to: d l ill bl t understand the role of a picture editor develop skills t approach editors d l kill to h dit identify the different kinds of assignments and sales
  • 12.
    Journalism and photojournalism Editors and assignments Chain of command Kinds of editor Teamwork Responsibility R ibilit Building trust Find an ally Get involved Be a journalist Types of commission or sale
  • 13.
    Journalism and photojournalism Ethicsin photojournalism This module will enable you to: understand some of the moral issues that confront photojournalists identify guidelines for ethical conduct develop a personal code of ethics
  • 14.
    Journalism and photojournalism Ethics in photojournalism Manipulation of pictures Setting up pictures Misuse of images by clients The public interest v. individual rights How to decide
  • 15.
    Journalism and photojournalism Ideas Thismodule will enable you to: distinguish between images and illustrations understand where you are likely to find good visual images develop a sense of what the market wants
  • 16.
    Journalism and photojournalism Ideas What Wht makes a good idea? k d id ? Stand-alone images Journalistic images versus illustrations How do you find ideas? What the market wants Is it worth it? Exercise
  • 17.
    Journalism and photojournalism Roleof the journalist This Thi module will enable you to: d l ill bl t understand the role journalists play in society be aware of the constraints under which a j journalist works identify the skills a journalist needs
  • 18.
    Journalism and photojournalism Role of the journalist What do journalists do? Constraints on journalists Editorial guidelines Active journalism Processing and presenting
  • 19.
    Journalism and photojournalism Whatis news? This module will enable you to: identify different kinds of news test information for its newsworthiness understand the market for news
  • 20.
    Journalism and photojournalism What is news? New Important Interesting Relevant Testing for newsworthiness Timingg
  • 21.
    Journalism and photojournalism Writingcaptions This Thi module will enable you to: d l ill bl t write appropriate captions to your pictures practise writing clear, concise captions ti iti l i ti understand the importance of getting facts rights
  • 22.
    Journalism and photojournalism Writing captions Test the pictures Complement the image Explain Guide and engage the viewer Write concisely
  • 23.
  • 24.
    TECHNOLOGY Color This module willenable you to: identify the strengths and weaknesses of the two modes of photography. understand color temperature and how to control it see in black and white get the maximum information into a black and white image
  • 25.
    TECHNOLOGY Color versus blackand white Color Color temperature Daylight Artificial light Filters Black and white (B/W) Seeing in black and white Latitude L tit d Filters Digital cameras Printing
  • 26.
    TECHNOLOGY composition This Thi module willenable you to: d l ill bl t use the elements of composition to create appealing images compose pictures that tell a story develop an individual style
  • 27.
    TECHNOLOGY Composition Learn to see photographically Study pictures St d pict res Rule of thirds Balance Verticals and horizontals Foreground and background Focus Using the frame Positive and negative space Light Tone and contrast Patterns and lines Don’t forget the message
  • 28.
    TECHNOLOGY Exposure This module willenable you to: understand the relationship between shutter speed, aperture and film speed use different ways of metering exposure expose for both negative film and digital cameras recognize the effects of over- and under exposure over under-exposure use camera controls creatively
  • 29.
    TECHNOLOGY Exposure Camera controls – shutter speed, aperture and film speed Metering Exposure latitude Types of film Over- and under-exposure Metering in difficult light Practice Lighting ratios Exercise Technical criteria
  • 30.
    TECHNOLOGY Flash This module willenable you to: identify the different techniques of portable flash use flash to create natural effects
  • 31.
    TECHNOLOGY Flash Flash power Direct flash Fill flash Flash as the main light Separate flash from camera Synchronizing with shutter speed Balancing flash Flash blur Bounce flash Tips
  • 32.
    TECHNOLOGY Lenses This Thi module willenable you to: d l ill bl t understand the effects created by lenses of different focal lengths use standard, wide-angle, telephoto and specialist lenses creatively p y
  • 33.
    TECHNOLOGY Lenses Rangeof lenses Lens speed Camera shake Standard l St d d lens Wide-angle lenses Telephoto and long lenses Extreme lenses Specialist lenses Zooms
  • 34.
    TECHNOLOGY Light This Thi module willenable you to: d l ill bl t identify the various types of natural and artificial light understand the characters of different types of light g sharpen your awareness of light use light creatively g y
  • 35.
    TECHNOLOGY Light Typesof light T f li ht Qualities of light Times of day Artificial light Flash Reflectors Learning to see light
  • 36.
    Tips and tricksin assignments
  • 37.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Close-up and detail This module will enable you to: fill the frame using both close-up and a long lens appreciate the usefulness of the close-up or detail h t d t il shot practice using very close focus
  • 38.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Close-up and detail Playing with scale Composition Lenses Value of the close-up Exercise Technical criteria
  • 39.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Establishing shot This module will enable you to: understand the concept of setting up a story practice the wide shot develop your range of visual abilities
  • 40.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Establishing shot Timing Landscapes Composition Exercise Technical criteria
  • 41.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Person at work This Thi module will enable you to: d l ill bl t understand how to shoot a single image gain th confidence of strangers and access i the fid f t d to them at work develop your understanding of lenses film lenses, and equipment
  • 42.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Person at work Guidelines Practical advice Exercise Technical criteria
  • 43.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Portrait This Thi module will enable you to: d l ill bl t practice head shots, environmental portraits and groups make a portrait that reveals a person’s character understand the use of light in a portrait
  • 44.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Portrait Head h t H d shots Environmental portraits Groups General principle Practical advice Exercise Technical criteria
  • 45.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Relationships This Thi module will enable you to: d l ill bl t gain confidence in working in intimate situations with strangers understand how body language and expression convey feelings develop your understanding of camera operation in the field
  • 46.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Relationships Types of relationship T f l ti hi Emotion and body language Scale Planning Access and permission Exercise Technical criteria
  • 47.
    Tips and tricksin assignments Single image What is my message? Who is my audience? How to photograph Technique Learning what works and what sells Ethical considerations
  • 48.
    Tips and tricksin assignments The moment This Thi module will enable you to: d l ill bl t practice spontaneous shooting in situations you do not control develop your instinctive control of the camera explore the movement and organization of the street
  • 49.
    Tips and tricksin assignments The moment Guidelines Practical advice Exercise Technical criteria