This document provides information on expressing and using different tenses to talk about the future in English, including:
- The future simple tense is used to give or ask for information about the future in general.
- The present continuous is used to talk about pre-planned or definite future events happening in the near future.
- "Be going to" is used to express intentions, predictions based on evidence, or firm plans and decisions.
- Other tenses discussed include future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous, and using the present simple or present perfect in future time clauses.
- Examples are provided for different situations where each tense would be appropriate.
WHAT IS INTENTION ???
Merriam-Webster.com defines intention as a determination to act in a certain way.
As shared in “When your Relationships are Good, your Life is Good”, an intention is a clear and positive statement of an outcome you want to experience.
An intention is a goal, or vision, that guides your activities, thoughts, attitudes, and choices.
Language features
To express intention , we usually use :
Simple Future Tense
Would like …
Would rather…
Examples of expressing intention
-I'm going to ...-I would like to ...- (Yes, I think) I will ...- I am planning to ...- I have decided ...- I'm thinking of ...- I intend to ....- My intention is to ...- Perhaps/ May be I will ..
Mời thầy cô và các bạn có đầy đủ giáo án và bài học này tại http://tutenglish.com
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Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
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And...
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Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
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Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
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2. Tenses we can use
Future simple
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Be going to
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
is to/are to/ was to
3. To talk about the future
We use the Future simple to give or ask for
information about the future in general.
We will need the money on the 15th.
Will all the family be at the wedding?
It will be spring soon.
She won’t be here when you come.
4. Future time clauses
After time expressions as when, if, until
and as soon as a present tense form is
used, although this refers to future time.
I‘ll wait for you here until you get back.
If I’m there tomorrow. I’ll phone you.
When it’s ready I’ll give it to you.
The present perfect can be used to
emphasize the completion of an event.
I'll wait here until you have finished.
5. Near Future & pre-planned
The Present Continuous is used to speak about
something pre-planned that we know will take
place in the near future, especially if we are using
a verb that implies “moving from one place to
another”
He is arriving tonight (I am certain)
They are living next Sunday (I know, it has been
planned)
6. Plans and facts
The Present Continuous is used to describe
plans and arrangements which are definite.
Sorry, I can't help you, I'm leaving in the morning.
The Present Continuous is used to describe
fixed arrangements, and to ask about social
arrangements.
Are you doing anything this evening?
Did you know I’m getting a new job?
What are we having for dinner?
7. Plans and facts
With the Present Continuous we often give the
time, date, and / or place when we talk about
future personal arrangements and fixed plans.
What are you doing this evening?’ ‘I’m washing my
hair.’
My car’s having a service next week.
We’re going to Spain in June.
I’m seeing Pete on Tuesday. (There is an arrangement
now.)
8. Plans and facts
The Present Simple is used to describe future
events which we cannot control. They may be
facts, such as events in a timetable, or a law.
The plane for Paris leaves at 9.45.
The Present Simple and Present Perfect can also
be used to refer to future time.
I‘ll tell you the news when I see you.
Call me when you have finished.
9. Is to / are to/ was to
We can talk about the future by saying that
something is to happen. We often use this
structure to talk about official plans and
fixed personal arrangements.
The President is to visit Scotland in September.
We are to get a wage rise.
I felt nervous because I was soon to leave
home for the first time.
10. Prediction
We often make a prediction because we
can see the cause of the event. Be going to
is used to predict what may happen based
on what we see.
Look out! There's a bus coming! It's going to
hit us!
I can see you're going to have a baby. When
is it due?
He is looking up! He is going to fall into the
hole.
11. Prediction
Be going to is also used instead of the
Future Simple in predictions when there is
no cause. It seems more colloquial.
I'm sure you 're going to enjoy the film.
I 'm sure you ‘ll enjoy the film.
12. Prediction
If a predicted event is very near, and
especially in impersonal statements, be
going to is commonly used for
predictions.
You're going to fall!
Liverpool are going to win the Cup.
The Future simple can also be used in
these examples, with no change of
meaning.
13. Prediction
When the Future Simple is used to make
predictions, it is often preceded by /
think, promise, predict, expect, hope, fear or by
opinion words like perhaps.
I think it‘ll rain tomorrow.
Perhaps she'll be late.
Tomorrow will be warm with some cloud in the
afternoon.
Who do you think will win?
You’ll never finish that book.
14. Prediction
We prefer the Future Simple when we are
talking more about what is inside our
heads: our beliefs, guesses, knowledge etc.
Don’t lend him your car - he’ll crash it. (I know
him.)
15. Decisions and firm intentions
Be going to is used when we talk about
plans, decisions and firm intentions,
especially in an informal style.
We’re going to get a new car soon. (it’s our
decision)
I am going to wash my hair (that’s my
intention
Will you come to my party? Sorry, I’m going
to help Lola (prior plan /arrangement)
16. Decisions and firm intentions
Be going to is used to describe a present
intention.
I'm going to fix the television tomorrow.
I’m going to be an artist
17. Quick Decision
The Future simple is used for decisions
made at the time of speaking.
I know, I'll get him a wallet for his birthday.
Don’t worry, I’ll answer the phone!
Let me help you, I’ll carry it
18. Conditions
The Future Simple is used to state what we
think will happen if certain conditions are
met.
If you come I’ll give you the book.
If you study you’ll learn more
If he arrives on time he’ll catch the bus
19. Comparing tenses use
We can often use more than one structure to talk about the
same future event.
Present forms emphasize present ideas like
intention, certainty and plans.
We prefer Future simple when we are not emphasizing
present ideas.
Compare:
Next year is going to be different (I promise)
Next year will be different. (probably)
What are you doing next year? (You haven’t told me your plans)
What will you do next year ? (do you know?)
20. Comparing tenses use
In polite enquiries
The Future Progressive suggests 'What have you already
decided?‘ giving the idea that we are not trying to
influence people.
Will you be staying in staying in this evening? (just asking about
plans)
Be going to presses for a decision
Are you going to stay in this evening? (perhaps pressing for a
decision)
Future simple is used as a request
Will you stay in this evening? (request)
21. Future Continuous
The future continuous is used to describe
a situation in the future at a particular
time.
This time next week we'll be eating lunch on
the plane!
This time tomorrow I'll be skiing.
At six o’clock tonight we’ll be flying to
London
22. Future Continuous
The future continuous is used to predict a
future state or habit at a particular time in
the future.
In ten years time I expect I'll be living in
London.
And I'll probably be cycling to work.
Professor Asher will be giving another lecture
at the same time next week.
I’ll be seeing you one of these days. I expect.
23. Future Perfect
The future perfect looks back from a point in the
future and refers to indefinite time up to that
point.
By the time we get there, the film will have started.
This means that at the future time when we get there, we
can say: The film has started.
The builder says he’ll have finished the roof by
Saturday.
The car will soon have done 100.000 miles.
24. Future Perfect Continuous
We can use the Future Perfect Continuous to say
how long something will have continued by a
certain time.
Next Christmas I’ll have been teaching for twenty
years.
By her fifth birthday she will have been working in the
same office.
25. Summary
Tense Action Example
Present Continuous Pre-planned & near future He is arriving tonight
Be going to Intentions & prior I am going to wash my
arrangements hair
Be going to Prediction based on what we Look at those clouds, it’s
see going to rain!
Future simple With certain verbs: Promise, I promise I will see her
predict, expect, hope... tomorrow
Future simple With Conditions If you smoke you’ll never
be healthy
Future Simple Quick decision Don’t worry, I’ll answer
the phone
Present Simple Future time clauses (until, if, I won’t leave until you
when...) arrive
26. Summary
Tense Action Example
Future Continuous Something in progression in At 6 o’clock tonight we
the future will be flying to London
Future Perfect Something will be finished at a By seven will have landed
given time in the future
27. Exercises
Choose the most suitable answer.
1. Why ……………. a new mountain bike?
a. are you going to buy
b. will you buy
are you going to buy
28. 2. Don't phone between 8.00 and 9.00.
…………………..then.
a) I'll study
b) I'll be studying
I'll be studying
29. 3. Look out! That tree……………………. !
a) will fall
b) is going to fall
is going to fall
30. 4. Let me know as soon as Louise …….. Here
a) will get
b) gets
gets
31. 5. Great news! Jean and Chris …………to stay
with us.
a) will come
b) are coming
are coming
32. 6. According to this timetable, the bus
…………………at 6.00.
a) is going to arrive
b) arrives
arrives
33. 7. I have a feeling that something strange
………………………..in a minute.
a) is going to happen
b) is happening
is going to happen
34. 8. The doctor says I ………………..a baby!
a) will have
b) am going to have
am going to have
35. 9. Can you call me at 7.00, because
………………tomorrow.
a) I'll leave
b) I'm leaving
I'm leaving
36. 10. If you arrive late at the sale, the best
things ………………. .
a) will go
b) will have gone
will have gone
37. 11. Larry Soberman.................... back until six. Can I
take a message?
a) Won’t be
b) Is not going to be
c) Isn’t
d) Wasn’t
e) Won’t being
Won’t be
38. 12. What ........................ with the money you won
in the lottery?
a) Will you buy
b) Are you going to buy
c) Are you buying
d) Will you have bought
e) Will you buying
Are you going to buy
39. 13. I don't think you .............…… any problems at
the airport.
a) Will have
b) Are going to have
c) Are having
d) Will be having
e) Will have had
Will have
40. 14. ......... your dog with you to Ankara ?
a) Will you take
b) Are you going to take
c) Are you taking
d) Will you be taking
e) Will have taken
Are you taking * are you going to take
41. 15. Can you answer the phone for me? I
.................... for a while.
a) Will lie down
b) Am going to lie down
c) Will be lying down
d) Will have lien down
e) Am lying
Am going to lie down
42. 16. All the hotels are full. Where ............ the night?
a) Will we spend
b) Are we going to spend
c) Are we spending
d) Will we be spending
e) Will we have spent
Are we going to spend
43. 16. You'd better not come in July. My
mother.................. with me then.
a) Will stay
b) Are going to stay
c) Will be staying
d) Is staying
e) Will have stayed
Will be staying * Is staying
44. 17. What time ........................ ?
a) Will your plane leave
b) Does your plane leave
c) Is your plane leaving
d) Is your plane going to leave
e) Will your plane be leaving
Does your plane leave
45. 18. Leave the car here. Maybe the police ............. it.
a) Will notice
b) Doesn’t notice
c) Isn’t going to notice
d) Won’t be noticing
e) Won’t notice
Won’t notice
46. 19. By the time we reach home, the rain …….. .
a) Will stop
b) Is going to stop
c) Will be stopping
d) Will have stopped
e) Is stopping
Will have stopped
47. 20. This time next week I ............. on the beach in
Antalya.
a) Will lie
b) Is going to lie
c) Is lying
d) Will be lying
e) Will have lean
Will be lying
48. 21. In ten years' time I ................ for a different
company.
a) Will work
b) Is going to work
c) Is working
d) Will be working
e) Will have worked
Will be working
49. 22. If we don't get there by 5, the teacher …… .
a) Will leave
b) Is going to leave
c) Is leaving
d) Will be leaving
e) Will have left
Will have left
50. 23. In July they ........... for twenty years.
a) Will be married
b) Is going to be married
c) Is being married
d) Will have been married
e) Will be being married
Will have been married
51. 24. According to computer
experts, computers ............. to make
accurate predictions about the future.
a) Will soon be able
b) is soon going to be able
c) Will soon being able
d) Will have been able
Will soon be able
52. 25. Professor Vincent, from Cambridge
University,............ a press conference
next week to describe the computer
which he calls 'Computafuture'.
a) Will hold
b) is going to hold
c) is holding
d) will be holding
Is holding