This document discusses various future tense forms in English: 1) The future simple (will) is used to talk about decisions made at the present moment as well as predictions, plans, promises, and habitual actions. 2) The future continuous (will be +ing) refers to actions that will be in progress at a specific time in the future. 3) Be going to expresses intentions or planned actions that are likely to happen in the near future based on present evidence or circumstances. 4) The present continuous can indicate future meaning when used with time expressions like "tomorrow" to refer to arrangements that have already been made. 5) Other future forms discussed include the future perfect,

1. FUTURE FORMS
Jelgava State Gymnasium
Agita Ozoliņa

2. Future Forms
FUTURE
FUTURE SIMPLE
CONTINUOUS
(WILL)
(WILL BE +ing)
FUTURE PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
BE GOING TO
(WILL HAVE BEEN
+ing) FUTURE FORMS
FUTURE PERFECT PRESENT
(WILL HAVE +past CONTINUOUS
participle) (future
meaning)
PRESENT SIMPLE
(future meaning)

3. Will
Form
will + infinitive
Examples
Affirmative sentences:
He will play football.
He'll play football.
Negative sentences:
He will not play football.
He won't play football. or He'll not play football.
Questions:
Will he play football?

4. Will
Decision taken at the moment of speaking. Since it’s getting dark I will turn on the light.
Facts about the future. I’ll be 18 next year.
Hopes, fears, treats, offers, promises, I hope I’will do it.
warnings, predictions, request, comments. She’ll probably be promoted.
(esp. with: expect, think, hope, believe, I’m I’ll always love you.
sure, I’m afraid,probably etc.)
Predictions not based on present evidence. It will rain tomorrow.
She’ll probably be promoted.
Prediction based on smb. belief. I’m sure your German teacher will be
Prediction based on smb.expierence. disappointed that you’ve decided not to study
German.
They will come late, as always. (they always
come late.)
“Present habit” (predictable behaviour) A lion will never attack an elephant.
In conditional Clause (in the main part) If you sit by the fire, you will feel warmer.

5. WILL
I left the door open. I will close it right
now.
(In the restaurant)
W :What would you like to drink?
I will have a cup of coffee, please.
Did you call Sue? Decisions at
No, I forgot it. the time of
speaking
I will call her tonight

6. Don’t worry. I will help you with your
homework.
I will love you forever.
Offers
You will be rich
Promises
Predictions

7. Future Continuous
Form
will/won’t + be +ing
Examples
Affirmative sentences:
I (he, she, it, we, you, they) will be going to Riga at 10 o’clock tonight.
Negative sentences:
I (he, she, it, we, you, they) will not (won’t) be going to Riga at
10 o’clock tonight.
Questions:
Will you (he, she, it, we, they) be going to Riga at 10 o’clock tonight?

8. Future Continuous
To talk about activities which will be in He will be sunbathing in Hawaii this time next
progress at a certain time in the future. week.
Tom will be attending the conference next
month.
They'll be shopping all afternoon.
I'll be working late at the office tonight.
To talk about an activity that will continue They'll be studying until 5 o'clock.
over a period of time from now into the She'll be playing tennis until she gets tired.
future (an activity in progress that started
at the present moment or at some time
around the present moment)
To talk about future events which are very They will be staying with their family. (they always
likely to happen or activities which happen do that)
as a routine.
To ask politely about people’s plans to ask Will you be using your computer today? (because
to do smt for them. I’d like to work on it)
Will you be going to the supermarket? Can you
buy me some tea?

9. Future Continuous
• Stative verbs (know, believe, forget,
like, want) do not take – ing.
Will you be travelling on your own, or will you
want to go with some friends?
This time tomorrow I will know the exam
results.

10. Be going to
Form
(am, is are) + going to +infinitive
Examples
Affirmative sentences:
I am (I’m) going to play football.
He, she, it is going to play football.
We, you, they are going to play football.
Negative sentences:
I am not (I’m not) going to play football.
He, she, it is not (isn’t) going to play football.
We, you, they are not (aren’t) going to play football.
Questions:
Is he (she, it ) going to play football?
Are we (you, they) going to play football?

11. Be going to
Actions intended to be performed in the near What are you going to do this afternoon?
future . I’m going to write some letters. And you?
She’s going to visit her parent’s tomorrow.
She is visiting her parents tomorrow.
Planned actions or intensions. (it may change) Now that they’ve settled in their new house,
they’re going to have a party.
Barbara is going to become a scientist. (but it
may change)
To express a prediction based on something It’s cloudy. It’s going to rain.
we can observe now. She is pregnant. She’s going to have a baby.
With go and come we use Present Continuous She is going to London next week. RATHER
rather than “be going to”. THAN She’s going to go to London next week.

12. I AM GOING TO : I HAVE DECIDED TO DO STH.
Today, I am going to drive my new
motorcycle, then I am going to phone my
best friend and finally I am going to read
my favourite novel.

13. IS GOING TO HAPPEN: The situation now make us believe that.
Look at those black clouds!
It’s going to rain.
She is pregnant.
She is going to have a baby.
PREDICTIONS WITH
PRESENT EVIDENCE

14. Present Continuous (future meaning)
Form
(am, is are) + ing
Examples
Affirmative sentences:
I am (I’m) seeing my dentist this week.
He, she is seeing his (her) dentist this week.
We, you, they are seeing the dentist this week.
Negative sentences:
I am not (I’m not) seeing my dentist this week.
He, she is not (isn’t) seeing his (her) dentist this week.
We, you, they are not (aren’t) seeing the dentist this week.
Questions:
Is he (she, it) seeing his (her) dentist this week?
Are you (they )seeing your (their) dentist this week?

15. Present Continuous (future meaning)
To talk about future events we have already They are flying to New York on Monday. (they
arranged. We often specify the date, time, have already bought the tickets)
time/ or the place. I can’t come tomorrow. I’m studying for my
history exam with Robert. (we have already
arranged to study together tomorrow)
Actions intended to be performed in the near What are you doing tonight? We are going to
future . disco.

16. Present Simple(future meaning)
• I arrive, it arrives
• I don’t arrive, he doesn’t arrive...
• Do you arrive...? Does it arrive ...?
What time does the concert start?
Timetables/ It starts at 7 p.m.
programmes
The plane reaches London at 9.45.
In conditional Clause (in If you sit by the fire, you will feel warmer.
the second part)

17. Hurry up! The train
leaves in two
hours.

18. Future Perfect
Form
will have + past participle
Examples
Affirmative sentences:
You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from
the U.S.
Negative sentences:
You will not have perfected your English by the time you come back
from the U.S.
Questions:
Will you have perfected your English by the time you come back from
the U.S.?

19. Future Perfect
By next November, I will have received my
The future perfect tense expresses action in promotion.
the future before another action in the future. By the time I finish this course, I will have
This is the past in the future. taken ten tests.
She will have been back by the end of July.
It can also show that something will happen
before a specific time in the future. The train leaves the station at 9am. You arrive
at the station at 9.15am. When you arrive, the
train will have left.
NOTE!!!
By or not...until/till are used with Future Perfect.
Until/ till are normally used with Future Perfect only in negative sentences.
She will have finished by 8 o’clock.
She won’t have finished until 8 o’clock.

20. Future Perfect Continuous
Form
will have been + ing
Examples
Affirmative sentences:
You will have been waiting for more than two hours when her
plane finally arrives.
Negative sentences:
You will not have been waiting for more than two hours when
her plane finally arrives.
Questions:
Will you have been waiting for more than two hours when
her plane finally arrives?

21. Future Perfect Continuous
We use the Future Perfect Continuous to They will have been talking for over an hour
show that something will continue up until a by the time Thomas arrives.
particular event or time in the future. "For James will have been teaching at the
five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since university for more than a year by the time he
Friday" are all durations which can be used leaves for Asia.
with the Future Perfect Continuous. Notice A: When you finish your English course, will
that the duration stops at or before a you have been living in New Zealand for over
reference point in the future. a year?
B: No, I will not have been living here that
long.
If you do not include a duration such as "for five minutes," "for two weeks" or "since Friday," many English
speakers choose to use the Future Continuous rather than the Future Perfect Continuous. Be careful
because this can change the meaning of the sentence. Future Continuous emphasizes interrupted actions,
whereas Future Perfect Continuous emphasizes a duration of time before something in the future.
He will be tired because he will be exercising so hard.
This sentence emphasizes that he will be tired because he will be exercising at that exact moment in the
future.
He will be tired because he will have been exercising so hard.
This sentence emphasizes that he will be tired because he will have been exercising for a period of time. It is
possible that he will still be exercising at that moment OR that he will just have finished.

22. Time words with no Future forms
• We never use future forms after: when (time
conjunction), while, before, until, by the time,
if (conditional), as soon as, after etc.
• We can use when or if +will if “when” is a
question word and “if” means “whether”.
She’ll send us a letter when she has time.
BUT
When will he meet us?
I don’t know if he will accept. (= whether)

23. Time expressions used with:
Will/Be going to/ Future Tomorrow, tonight, next week/month, in two/three etc days,
Continuous the day after tomorrow, soon,in a week/month etc.
Future Perfect Before, by, by then, by the time, until (is used only in
negative sentences with this tense)
Future Perfect Continuous By... for By next year he will have been working here for
two years.

24. Thank you for your attention!