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Challenge, Drama & Social
Engagement: Designing Mobile
Augmented Reality Experiences
Gene Becker
twitter @genebecker
gene@lightninglaboratories.com
a remarkable confluence of technologies



                                            Cloud services
                                 Robotics                   Augmented reality
                        Mobile
                                                                    MMO platforms
               Wireless
                                                                            Social media
             Displays
                                     2000 - 2020                            Digital media
              Imaging

                                                                            Gesture
               Storage

                                                                      Tagging
                    Sensing

                             Power                            3D printing
                                            Nano      Bio
what is augmented reality?


      Augmented reality is…

      • a technology
      • a field of research
      • a vision of future computing
      • an emerging commercial industry
      • a new medium for creative expression
augmented reality is a technology



     Augmented reality is the display of computer
     graphics and media, overlaid and registered on
     real-world environments, interactively in real time.


     AR platforms exist at the intersection of several technical
     disciplines, including computer graphics, machine vision,
     sensing and sensor fusion, geographic information systems,
     mobile systems, ubiquitous computing and the web.
AR research: first HMD - Ivan Sutherland (1966)




                   The “Sword of Damocles”
AR research: wearable computing - Steve Mann




http://wearcam.org/steve.html
AR research: first mobile AR system




Feiner et al, Touring Machine (1997), Columbia University
http://graphics.cs.columbia.edu/projects/mars/mars.html
visual search on the physical world concept design by mac funamizu




                                     source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
querying the natural world concept design by mac funamizu




                                     source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
computational print media concept design by mac funamizu




                                     source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
seeing through space and time concept design by mac funamizu




                                    source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
the end of personal privacy? concept by TAT

    Augmented reality is the collapse of social nuance
    and the end of personal privacy.
social augmented reality concept sketches by matthew buckland




                                                          Source: http://www.matthewbuckland.com/?p=1041
social augmented reality concept sketches by matthew buckland




                                                          Source: http://www.matthewbuckland.com/?p=1041
social augmented reality concept sketches by matthew buckland




                                                          Source: http://www.matthewbuckland.com/?p=1041
and just wait ‘til the glasses get here concept design by mac funamizu




                                      source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
commercial mobile AR example: Layar


         [video]




                         Layar demo video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b64_16K2e08
commercial webcam AR example: Metaio


        [video]




                         Metaio demo video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFyqRiA33ik
augmented reality is a new medium



    Augmented reality is a new medium of creative
    expression that expands human experience

    AR combines the web, images, sound, movies, games, search
    engines, databases, advertising, social media…and explodes them
    across the physical world of people, places and things, revealing
    the invisible stories that are everywhere around us.


    But we have a lot of work to do.
what makes a compelling experience?
                           Physical / Mental      Self-Expression
                              Challenge             & Creativity


                                                                see also: Flow and the psychology of
                                                                optimal experience (Csikszentmihalyi)

                                          Challenge/
                                          Expression

                                          Dimensions
                                              of
                                          Compelling
                                          Experience


                               Drama/
   Physical Stimulation                                Social                Competing
(sights, sounds, touch…)      Sensation                                      with others

              Mental / Emotional                            Bonding, Sharing &
           Stimulation, Imagination                            Cooperation


                                                           ref: Hull, Reid “Experience Design for Pervasive Computing”
the reality of AR experiences today



                   What works:
                   * Physical engagement
                   * Visually captivating
                   * Emotional “wow” factor                    Challenge/
                   * Invisible stories, revealed               Expression


                                                               Dimensions
                   What doesn‟t:                                   of
                                                               Compelling
                   * Awkward use models                        Experience
                   * No flow opportunities
                   * No social dimension           Drama/
                                                                            Social
                                                   Sensation
                   * Point experiences only
mobile AR issues & limitations
    Technical limitations
    • Sensor accuracy (GPS, compass etc)
    • Indoor positioning
    • Line of sight
    • Device constraints (display, form factor, weight, battery, processor, network)
    • Lack of interoperable standards e.g. for location (lat/long/alt, CRS, orientation)
    • Relative positioning
    • Object recognition & tracking
    • Graphics issues (lighting, transparency, occlusion)

    Use model issues
    • Unnatural physical position
    • Ambiguous social signals
    • Cognitive model

    Authoring limitations
    • Platform specific
    • Low level tools, complex workflow
    • Focus on point interactions; no support for stories or interesting interactivity
visionary example: AR gaming HP concept video




                                HP vision video Roku’s Reward: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCCyfkGKL_w
what makes a compelling AR experience?
                               Physical / Mental       Self-Expression
                                  Challenge              & Creativity
                   running                                    devising
                                                             strategies
          wayfinding        locating
                           powerups                               using physical
                                               Challenge/          affordances
 racing against time
                                                                                          collecting
                                               Expression                                   items
               avoiding danger
              (in game and real)
                                                                         scoring points
                                               Dimensions
  physical/virtual                                 of                                        savoring the win
                                               Compelling
    confusion                                  Experience                      racing against
              real & in game                                                   other players
                  sounds
                                    Drama/
   Physical Stimulation                                     Social                 Competing
(sights, sounds, touch…)           Sensation                                       with others

   kiss       Mental / Emotional          story line   fantasy    Bonding, Sharing &
           Stimulation, Imagination            characters            Cooperation
                                    ‘magic moments’              camaraderie               sharing the surprise

                                                                 ref: Hull, Reid “Experience Design for Pervasive Computing”
mobile AR experience design practices


     1. Understand limitations and design around them

     2. Design for challenge, expression and flow

     3. Design for physical sensation & emotional drama

     4. Design for social bonding, sharing, competition

     5. Bring an interdisciplinary media production mindset
mobile AR experience design practices


     1. Understand current limitations and design around them

     • Use augments with appropriate requirements for precision & realism

     • Emphasize audio for immersion, continuity, story

     • Use ‘magic lens’ position sparingly

     • Fail gracefully & transparently
mobile AR experience design practices

   2. Design for challenge, expression and flow

   • Make the experience the focus, not the technology

   • Set clear goals, expectations and rules

   • Design goals to balance between ability level and challenge (neither too easy nor
   too difficult).

   • Encourage focus and concentration, limit distractions and gratuitous interactions

   • Provide direct and immediate feedback so the user can adjust their actions.

   • Give users a sense of personal control over the situation or activity.

   • Make activities intrinsically rewarding, so there is an effortlessness of action.
mobile AR experience design practices

     3. Design for physical sensation & emotional drama

     • Scout the location, know the environment & context deeply – sights,
     sounds, smells, textures, weather, rhythms, moods

     • Design for „magic moments‟ – mental immersion, physical/virtual
     coincidence, synaesthetic confusion

     • Emphasize sound design for immersion, continuity, story

     • Develop a cross-media story universe
mobile AR experience design practices




   4. Design for social bonding, sharing, competition

   • Game mechanics drive competitive engagement – explicit
   multiplayer competition, implicit scoring & leveling systems

   • Social media integration to share broadly / vicariously

   • Tight and loose multi-person activities encourage bonding and
   shared experience
mobile AR experience design practices

     5. Bring an interdisciplinary media production mindset

     Creating mobile AR experiences draws on skills from a broad range of
     creative disciplines including…

     • Scriptwriting
     • Direction
     • Casting
     • Art direction
     • Sound design
     • Special effects
     • Interaction design
     • Location scouting
     • Production management
     • Software development
     • Systems management
     • Testing & QA
     • Gamerunning
     • Tech support
mobile AR authoring demo

        • a large scale driving experience overlaid on the Bay Area
        • primarily audio AR
        • scriptable behaviors on geographic regions
        • context-aware behaviors
        • authored on PC, experienced on mobile
AR history: sub




              Questions?
              Gene Becker
              tw: @genebecker
              web: www.lightninglaboratories.com
              mail: gene@lightninglaboratories.com

              Lightning Laboratories provides Research and
              Consulting in augmented reality, ubiquitous
              computing, social media and the Internet of
              Things

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Experience Design for Mobile Augmented Reality

  • 1. Challenge, Drama & Social Engagement: Designing Mobile Augmented Reality Experiences Gene Becker twitter @genebecker gene@lightninglaboratories.com
  • 2. a remarkable confluence of technologies Cloud services Robotics Augmented reality Mobile MMO platforms Wireless Social media Displays 2000 - 2020 Digital media Imaging Gesture Storage Tagging Sensing Power 3D printing Nano Bio
  • 3. what is augmented reality? Augmented reality is… • a technology • a field of research • a vision of future computing • an emerging commercial industry • a new medium for creative expression
  • 4. augmented reality is a technology Augmented reality is the display of computer graphics and media, overlaid and registered on real-world environments, interactively in real time. AR platforms exist at the intersection of several technical disciplines, including computer graphics, machine vision, sensing and sensor fusion, geographic information systems, mobile systems, ubiquitous computing and the web.
  • 5. AR research: first HMD - Ivan Sutherland (1966) The “Sword of Damocles”
  • 6. AR research: wearable computing - Steve Mann http://wearcam.org/steve.html
  • 7. AR research: first mobile AR system Feiner et al, Touring Machine (1997), Columbia University http://graphics.cs.columbia.edu/projects/mars/mars.html
  • 8. visual search on the physical world concept design by mac funamizu source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
  • 9. querying the natural world concept design by mac funamizu source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
  • 10. computational print media concept design by mac funamizu source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
  • 11. seeing through space and time concept design by mac funamizu source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
  • 12. the end of personal privacy? concept by TAT Augmented reality is the collapse of social nuance and the end of personal privacy.
  • 13. social augmented reality concept sketches by matthew buckland Source: http://www.matthewbuckland.com/?p=1041
  • 14. social augmented reality concept sketches by matthew buckland Source: http://www.matthewbuckland.com/?p=1041
  • 15. social augmented reality concept sketches by matthew buckland Source: http://www.matthewbuckland.com/?p=1041
  • 16. and just wait ‘til the glasses get here concept design by mac funamizu source: http://petitinvention.wordpress.com/2008/02/10/future-of-internet-search-mobile-version/
  • 17. commercial mobile AR example: Layar [video] Layar demo video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b64_16K2e08
  • 18. commercial webcam AR example: Metaio [video] Metaio demo video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFyqRiA33ik
  • 19. augmented reality is a new medium Augmented reality is a new medium of creative expression that expands human experience AR combines the web, images, sound, movies, games, search engines, databases, advertising, social media…and explodes them across the physical world of people, places and things, revealing the invisible stories that are everywhere around us. But we have a lot of work to do.
  • 20. what makes a compelling experience? Physical / Mental Self-Expression Challenge & Creativity see also: Flow and the psychology of optimal experience (Csikszentmihalyi) Challenge/ Expression Dimensions of Compelling Experience Drama/ Physical Stimulation Social Competing (sights, sounds, touch…) Sensation with others Mental / Emotional Bonding, Sharing & Stimulation, Imagination Cooperation ref: Hull, Reid “Experience Design for Pervasive Computing”
  • 21. the reality of AR experiences today What works: * Physical engagement * Visually captivating * Emotional “wow” factor Challenge/ * Invisible stories, revealed Expression Dimensions What doesn‟t: of Compelling * Awkward use models Experience * No flow opportunities * No social dimension Drama/ Social Sensation * Point experiences only
  • 22. mobile AR issues & limitations Technical limitations • Sensor accuracy (GPS, compass etc) • Indoor positioning • Line of sight • Device constraints (display, form factor, weight, battery, processor, network) • Lack of interoperable standards e.g. for location (lat/long/alt, CRS, orientation) • Relative positioning • Object recognition & tracking • Graphics issues (lighting, transparency, occlusion) Use model issues • Unnatural physical position • Ambiguous social signals • Cognitive model Authoring limitations • Platform specific • Low level tools, complex workflow • Focus on point interactions; no support for stories or interesting interactivity
  • 23. visionary example: AR gaming HP concept video HP vision video Roku’s Reward: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCCyfkGKL_w
  • 24. what makes a compelling AR experience? Physical / Mental Self-Expression Challenge & Creativity running devising strategies wayfinding locating powerups using physical Challenge/ affordances racing against time collecting Expression items avoiding danger (in game and real) scoring points Dimensions physical/virtual of savoring the win Compelling confusion Experience racing against real & in game other players sounds Drama/ Physical Stimulation Social Competing (sights, sounds, touch…) Sensation with others kiss Mental / Emotional story line fantasy Bonding, Sharing & Stimulation, Imagination characters Cooperation ‘magic moments’ camaraderie sharing the surprise ref: Hull, Reid “Experience Design for Pervasive Computing”
  • 25. mobile AR experience design practices 1. Understand limitations and design around them 2. Design for challenge, expression and flow 3. Design for physical sensation & emotional drama 4. Design for social bonding, sharing, competition 5. Bring an interdisciplinary media production mindset
  • 26. mobile AR experience design practices 1. Understand current limitations and design around them • Use augments with appropriate requirements for precision & realism • Emphasize audio for immersion, continuity, story • Use ‘magic lens’ position sparingly • Fail gracefully & transparently
  • 27. mobile AR experience design practices 2. Design for challenge, expression and flow • Make the experience the focus, not the technology • Set clear goals, expectations and rules • Design goals to balance between ability level and challenge (neither too easy nor too difficult). • Encourage focus and concentration, limit distractions and gratuitous interactions • Provide direct and immediate feedback so the user can adjust their actions. • Give users a sense of personal control over the situation or activity. • Make activities intrinsically rewarding, so there is an effortlessness of action.
  • 28. mobile AR experience design practices 3. Design for physical sensation & emotional drama • Scout the location, know the environment & context deeply – sights, sounds, smells, textures, weather, rhythms, moods • Design for „magic moments‟ – mental immersion, physical/virtual coincidence, synaesthetic confusion • Emphasize sound design for immersion, continuity, story • Develop a cross-media story universe
  • 29. mobile AR experience design practices 4. Design for social bonding, sharing, competition • Game mechanics drive competitive engagement – explicit multiplayer competition, implicit scoring & leveling systems • Social media integration to share broadly / vicariously • Tight and loose multi-person activities encourage bonding and shared experience
  • 30. mobile AR experience design practices 5. Bring an interdisciplinary media production mindset Creating mobile AR experiences draws on skills from a broad range of creative disciplines including… • Scriptwriting • Direction • Casting • Art direction • Sound design • Special effects • Interaction design • Location scouting • Production management • Software development • Systems management • Testing & QA • Gamerunning • Tech support
  • 31. mobile AR authoring demo • a large scale driving experience overlaid on the Bay Area • primarily audio AR • scriptable behaviors on geographic regions • context-aware behaviors • authored on PC, experienced on mobile
  • 32. AR history: sub Questions? Gene Becker tw: @genebecker web: www.lightninglaboratories.com mail: gene@lightninglaboratories.com Lightning Laboratories provides Research and Consulting in augmented reality, ubiquitous computing, social media and the Internet of Things