Dental Management of a Medically Compromised Patients - Presented by Dr. Shweta and Parray as a part of Dhaka Dental COllege OMS Department Weekly Presentation Program
brief description on posterior superior alveolar nerve block.
its uses in dentistry, technique and action. locating PSA nerve is easy and this is the most used nerve block in dentistry.
This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
Dental Management of a Medically Compromised Patients - Presented by Dr. Shweta and Parray as a part of Dhaka Dental COllege OMS Department Weekly Presentation Program
brief description on posterior superior alveolar nerve block.
its uses in dentistry, technique and action. locating PSA nerve is easy and this is the most used nerve block in dentistry.
This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
Definition
Types
Indications
Local Contraindications
Systemic Contraindications
Pre Operative Assessment
Dental Surgeon Chair Positions
Post Operative Assessment
Mechanical principles involved in tooth extraction
Lever
Wedge
Elevators
Role of Forceps
Principles of elevator and forceps use
Motions of Forcep's
Procedure for closed extraction
All the mistakes are rectified.Complete and precise knowledge about EXODONTIA .I would like to again focus on compatibility of this ppt;some pictures differ from original one.Animations and Transitions added are not visible .Good for beginners to understand and remember.Images give you better way to grasp.Enjoy and have fun watching this ppt.
Definition: The ideal tooth extraction is painless removal of the whole tooth or tooth root with minimal trauma to the investing tissues so that the wound heals uneventfully and no post operative prosthetic problem is created.
Standard surgical procedure for implant placement Diana Abo el Ola
The lecture gives in details step by step how to replace an implant in the osteotomy site. Also, mention the preoperative and postoperative procedures.
Similar to Exodontia Principles and Techniques (20)
Suture Materials and Suturing Techniques - Presented by Dr. Prasanjit Das and group as a part of Dhaka Dental College, OMS Department weekly presentation program.
Maxillofacial Trauma and Its Emergency Management - ATLS
Presented by Dr Sabrina and group as a part of Dhaka Dental College OMS Department weekly presentation program
Complication of Tooth Extraction and their Management - Presented by Dr. Trisha and group as a part of OMS Department weekly presentation in Dhaka Dental College
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
2. OUTLINE
• DEFINITION
• TYPES
• INDICATION OF INTRA-ALVEOLAR EXTRACTION
• CONTRA INDICATION OF EXTRACTION
• PRE OPERATIVE ASSESSMENT
• SURGEON PREPARATION
• PATIENTS PREPARATION
• TRAY SETUP
• POSTIONING OF THE PATIENTS
• SURGEON POSITON
• ANESTHESIA
• BASIC PRINCIPLES OF EXTRACTION FOR INDIVIDUAL TOOTH AND
• AFTER CARE
• POST OPERATIVE INSTRUCTION
3. DEFINATION & TYPES
1. DEFINATION: According to GEOFFREY L.HOWE –”The painless removal
of the whole tooth, or root, with minimal trauma to the investing tissues,
so that the wound heals uneventfully and no post operative prosthetic
problem is created”.
2. TYPES :
A. Intra-Alveolar extraction or conventional extraction or forcep
extraction
B. Trans Alveolar extraction or surgical extraction
4. INDICATION OF INTRA-ALVEOLAR EXTRACTION
1. SEVERE CARIES
2. SEVERE PERIODONTAL DISEASES
3. FAILURE OF ENDODONTIC TREATMENT
4. ORTHODONTIC PURPOSE
5. PROSTHODONTIC PURPOSE
6. TEETH FROM FACTURE LINE
7. ECONOMICALLY FAILURE TO PRESERVE THE TOOTH
5. CONTRA INDICATION OF EXTRACTION
A. SYSTEMIC CONTRA :
1. Severe uncontrolled DM
2. Severe MI
3. Uncontrolled leukemia and lymphoma
4. Bleeding disorder
5. Pregnancy (1st & 3rd trimester)
B. LOCAL CONTRA :
1. Tumor
2. Sever infection at the extraction site
6. PRE OPERATIVE ASSESSMENT
A. History Taking 1. Medical History :
(i) H/O Hypertension
(ii) H/O Jaundice
(iii) H/O Kidney diseases
(iv) H/O Rheumatoid arthritis
(v) H/O Cardiac diseases
(vi) H/O Asthma
(vii) H/O Bleeding disorder
2. Dental History
(i) H/O Extraction
(ii) H/O Uncontrolled bleeding
B. Clinical Examination :
(i)Accessibility (mouth opening)
(ii) Tooth mobility
(iii) Crown Condition of the tooth (G. Caries, large restoration, facture, cervical caries)
(iv) Oral hygiene status
(v) Presence of infection at the site of injection
CONT……………
7. C. Radio logical Examination :
i. Relation To Vital Structure (Maxillary Sinus, Inferior Dental Nerve)
ii. Root Configuration (Divergent, Convergent, Dilacerations,
Ankyloses, Hypercementosis, Periapical radiolucency)
iii. Condition of the bone of the jaw
8. SURGEON PREPARATION
1. Wear of Hand gloves
2. Mask
3. Eye Wear with sidesheild
4. Surgical Gown
5. Sterilization of above mentioned materials
9. PATIENTS PREPARATION
1. Prophylactic Antibiotics
2. Prophylactic Mouth cleansing
(i) Scaling
(ii) Polishing
(iii) Brushing
(iV) Rinsing with antiseptic mouth wash
(v) Placement of a towel on the patients chest
(vi) Eye wear
12. POSTIONING OF THE PATIENTS
For a maxillary extraction the chair
should be tipped backward and
maxillary occlusal plane is at 60
degrees to the floor.
The height of the dental chair
should be 8cm below the shoulder
level of the operator.
For a maxillary extraction of
mandibular teeth, the patient
should be positioned the occlusal
plane is parallel to the floor.
The chair should be 16cm below
the level of operators elbow.
13. Surgeon Positon
For all maxillary teeth ,
anterior mandibular teeth
& teeth of the 3rd
quadrant : Right front
position.
For teeth of the 4th
quadrant : Right back
position.
14. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF EXTRACTION FOR INDIVIDUAL
TOOTH AND ROOT
Mechanics Principles for tooth extractions
1. Expansion of the bony socket.
2. The use of fulcrum and lever
3. Insertion of wedge of wedges
4. Wheel and axel.
15. EXPANSION OF THE BONY SOCKET
• Expansion of the bony socket by
use of the wedge-shaped breaks
of the forceps.
• The forceps should be seated with
strong apical pressure to expand
crystal bones and to displace
center of rotation as apically as
possible.
16. Continues…………….
Movement:
• Buccal or Labial : Pressure applied to tooth will expand the
buccal cortical plate towards the crestal bone with some lingual
expansion at apical end of the root.
• Lingual or palatal : Pressure will expand lingual contical plate at
crestal area and slightly expand buccal bone at apical area .
17. CONTINUES…………..
• The initial linguo-buccal
movement for extraction of lower
second mandibular molar.
• Initial rotational forces it is useful for
removal of teeth with conical
roots; such as maxillary central.
• Tractional forces are useful for final
removal of tooth from socket. They
should always be small forces,
because teeth are not "pulled."
18. CONTINUES………
1. The Final withdrawal movement for Most of the upper and lower teeth is an outward-
occlusal direction. Except the lower third molar which should be in a lingual- occlusal way
and maxillary 3rd molar should be disto-buccal.
19. The proper use of forceps
in luxation and removal of teeth
1. The extraction movements are essentially three movements which
are outward, inward, and rotatory movements.
2. Outward (buccal or labial) movement is the initial movement of all
teeth except the lower second and third molar where the buccal
plate of bone reinforced by the external oblique ridge.
3. Inward (lingual or palatal) movement is the initial movement during
the extraction of the lower second
and third molars.
20. CONTINUES………
4. Primary Rotatory movement is the initial
movement used in upper central incisor and
lower second premolar.
5. If a resistance is felt in primary rotation, a bucco-
lingual movement should be started.
6. If rotatory movement continued, a spiral
fractured of the tooth root may occur.
21. CONTINUES………
•
• 7. Once the alveolar bone has
expanded sufficiently and the
tooth has been luxated, a slight
traction force, usually directed
buccally, can be used.
• 8. Final movement is the
movement by which the tooth is
removed from its bony socket. It
should be always directed
outward and occlusally to avoid
traumatizing the opposing tooth,
• 9. The extraction forceps blade
should be applied to the carious
side first, and the first movement
made toward the caries.
22. THE USE OF FULCRUM OR LEVER
A lever is a mechanism for transmitting
a modest force with the mechanical
advantages of a long lever arm and a
short resistance arm into a small
movement against great resistance.
When an elevator is used for tooth
extraction, an acquired contact point
can be made on the root surface and
a liter can be applied by the handle of
the elevator to elevate the tooth or a
tooth root from the socket.
The wedge principle is useful for the
extraction of teeth in several different
ways.
1. By using the beaks of the extraction
forceps as a wedge.
2. When a straight elevator is used to
luxate a tooth from its socket.
25. WHEEL AND AXEL
When one root of a multiple-
rooted tooth is let in the alveolar
process, the pennant-shaped
elevator is positioned in the socket
and turned
The handle then serves as the axle
and the tip of the triangular
elevator acts as a wheel and
engages and elevates the tooth
root from the socket
http://www.screencast.com/t/WT
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26. ROLE OF OPERATORS` HAND
The opposite hand plays an
important role in supporting
and stabilizing the lower jaw
when mandibular teeth are
being extracted.
The opposite hand supports
the alveolar process and
provides tactile information
to the operator concerning
the expansion of the
alveolar process during the
luxation period.
27. AFTER CARE
1. Irrigation of the socket with
normal saline or the other
anticeptic solution .
2. Curettage of the socket to
remove bony fragment and
granulation tissues .
3. Break down of the bony sharp
edge at the socket world and
inter radicular bone.
4. Squeezing of the socket
5. Mouth rinsing with antiseptic
solution once .
6. Suturing (if required)
7. Moist gauze pack to prevent
hemorrhage
28. POST OPERATIVE INSTRUCTION
1. Remove the cotton/ gauze pack at least 1 hour later.
2. Take cool and soft diet for at least 24 hours.
3. Avoid hot and hard diet for at least 24 hours.
4. Do not rinse forcefully and do not brush of the site of
extraction for at least 24 hours .
5. Maintain the oral hygenie
6. If stitch is given ,come one week later to cut it.
29. REFERENCES
1. Peterson, L. J. Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 4th ed.
Amsterdam Elsevier Science. 2002. ch.7
2. Neelima Anil Malik,Text Book Of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery,3rd
edi.
3. Vinod Kapur,Text book of oral surgery
4. Fragiskos D. Fragiskos Oral Surger. 2007
5.Carmen Scheller BASIC GUIDE TO DENTAL INSTRUMENTS